Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
3
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Chip Stock
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Digiode
Vyrian
Advanced Electronics
$2.342
$2.131
$1.920
Metaverse IC Inc.
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
Kepictronics
Kulean Microsystems
Problanco Electronics
TANS Electronics
SupplyDigital Components
Authorized Procurement Solutions
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Perfect Parts
Corohmni
Corphita
UHIMA Technologies
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) NGD15N41ACLT4G attributes and parameters. Explore more Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) devices from Littelfuse
Case Connection:
Maximum Collector Current (IC):
Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage:
Configuration:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
No. of Elements:
No. of Terminals:
Package Body Material:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Polarity or Channel Type:
Surface Mount:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
Transistor Application:
Transistor Element Material:
Nominal Turn Off Time (toff):
Nominal Turn On Time (ton):
NGD15N41ACLT4G Transistors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
PCN Obsolescence/ EOL - Multiple Devices 03/Dec/2019
Littelfuse is a diversified industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Across more than 20 countries, and with approximately 18,000 global associates, we partner with customers to design and deliver innovative, reliable solutions. Serving over 100,000 end customers, our products are found in a variety of industrial, transportation, and electronics end markets—everywhere, every day. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States, Littelfuse was founded in 1927.
LM317D2TG
Onsemi
LM317D2TG by Onsemi is an adjustable positive single output standard regulator with a max output current of 1.5A and a max output voltage of 37V. It operates in temperatures ranging from 0 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in compact spaces.
SS14
Forward International Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; No. of Elements: 1; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Output Current: 1 A;
LM358DT
ROHM
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CRCW040210K0FKED
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW040210K0FKED is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.063 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics due to its compact SMT package style and high operating temperature range of -55 to 155 °C.
BAV99
Allegro MicroSystems
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NE555D
STMicroelectronics
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
CRCW06031K00FKEAHP
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW06031K00FKEAHP is a fixed resistor with 1000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.33 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 standard compliance and operating voltage of 75 V.
SMBJ18CA
Changzhou Galaxy Century Microelectronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: J BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
1N4148WS-7-F by Diodes Inc. is a single rectifier diode with max reverse recovery time of 0.004 us and max reverse current of 1 uA. It operates b/w -65 to 150 °C, ideal for applications requiring small outline surface mount diodes with a max output current of 0.15 A.
LM317BD2TG
LM317BD2TG by Onsemi is an adjustable positive single output standard regulator with a max output current of 1.5A and a max load regulation of 5.8%. Operating temperature ranges from -40 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in compact designs.
ULN-2803A
Vishay Sprague
Vishay Sprague's ULN-2803A is an 8-bit peripheral driver with a max supply voltage of 3V. Featuring open-collector output characteristics, it offers built-in transient protections and operates b/w -20°C to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring sink current flow direction, this rectangular-shaped driver has a terminal pitch of 2.54mm and turn-on/off time of 1us.
LM107H
Advanced Micro Devices
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Maximum Bias Current (IIB) @25C: .075 uA;
2N2222A
North American Philips Discrete Products Div
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
Microsemi
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 30; No. of Elements: 1;
PIC18F4550-I/ML
Microchip Technology
The Microchip Technology PIC18F4550-I/ML is an 8-bit microcontroller with a max clock frequency of 48 MHz. It features 13-Ch 10-Bit ADC channels and USB connectivity, making it ideal for industrial applications requiring high-speed data processing and analog-to-digital conversion. With low power mode and flash ROM programmability, this chip offers efficient performance in compact designs.
Jgd Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Technology: SCHOTTKY; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 30 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): .55 V; No. of Phases: 1;
LM107H/883
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Technology: BIPOLAR;
SZNUP2105LT1G
SZNUP2105LT1G by Onsemi is a Transient Suppression Device with 2 elements in a common anode configuration. It has a max non-repetitive peak reverse power dissipation of 350W and breakdown voltage of 29.1V. Ideal for applications requiring bidirectional polarity protection, such as automotive electronics and industrial equipment due to its AEC-Q101 compliance and high clamping voltage of 44V.
LL4148
Bytesonic Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
STM32F407VGT6
STM32F407VGT6 by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with 2/3.3V power supplies, 196608 bytes RAM, and 16-Ch 12-Bit ADC channels. It is ideal for industrial applications requiring CAN, ETHERNET, I2C(3), SPI(3), UART(2), USB(2) connectivity and features DMA(16) for efficient data transfer. With a max clock frequency of 50 MHz and operating temperature range of -40 to 85 °C, it offers high performance in a compact package style (14mm x 14mm).
IRG7PH35UD-EP
International Rectifier
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 180 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 50 A; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL;
IKQ75N120CS6XKSA1
Infineon Technologies
IKQ75N120CS6XKSA1 by Infineon is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with VCEsat of 2.15V, IC of 150A, and Pmax of 880W. Ideal for power control applications due to its fast turn-off time (toff) of 428ns and high collector-emitter voltage of 1200V. Package style is flange mount with through-hole terminals.
SKM100GB063D
Semikron International
SKM100GB063D by Semikron is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with 2 SERIES CONNECTED elements. It has a Max VCEsat of 2.5V, Max IC of 130A, and can handle up to 450W power dissipation. Ideal for POWER CONTROL applications due to its fast turn-off time (toff) of 335ns and high collector-emitter voltage of 600V.
IRG4RC10UDTRLP
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 8.5 A; Transistor Application: POWER CONTROL; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-252AA;
APT100GN60B2G
Advanced Power Technology
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 229 A; JESD-30 Code: R-PSIP-T3; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 600 V;
IRG4PH30KDPBF
IRG4PH30KDPBF by Infineon Technologies is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with a max Collector-Emitter Voltage of 1200V and Max Power Dissipation of 100W. It is designed for MOTOR CONTROL applications, featuring a single configuration with built-in diode and fast switching times (tr: 84ns, tf: 140ns).
IGW50N60TPXKSA1
IGW50N60TPXKSA1 by Infineon is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with a max voltage of 600V and max current of 100A. It has a turn-off time of 396ns and turn-on time of 60ns, ideal for power control applications. The transistor comes in a rectangular package with through-hole terminals, suitable for flange mount installations at temperatures up to 175°C.
IRG7PH50K10D-EPBF
N-CHANNEL; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 400 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 90 A; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 1200 V; Maximum Gate-Emitter Voltage: 30 V;
FGHL50T65SQ
The Onsemi FGHL50T65SQ is an N-CHANNEL IGBT transistor with a max VCEsat of 2.1V and IC of 100A, ideal for POWER CONTROL applications. It has a max VCE of 650V, operating temperature range from -55 to 175°C, and comes in a RECTANGULAR package style for FLANGE MOUNT installation.
FS50R12KE3BOSA1
FS50R12KE3BOSA1 by Infineon is a N-CHANNEL IGBT with 6 elements in BRIDGE configuration. It has a toff of 610 ns and ton of 140 ns, suitable for high-power applications. With a Vce of 1200V and IC of 75A, it operates at up to 150°C making it ideal for industrial power systems.
TSG60N100CEC0
Taiwan Semiconductor
TSG60N100CEC0 by Taiwan Semiconductor is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with 1000V max collector-emitter voltage and 60A max collector current. Ideal for motor control applications, it features a single configuration with built-in diode and a nominal turn-off time of 1510ns.
IRG4BC30KPBF
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 42 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 28 A; Case Connection: COLLECTOR;
FGH60N60SMD
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 600 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 120 A; Case Connection: COLLECTOR;
HGTG20N60A4D
Intersil
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 290 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 70 A; Maximum Fall Time (tf): 73 ns;
FGH40N60UFTU
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 290 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 80 A; Terminal Position: SINGLE;
VS-GA200SA60UP
VS-GA200SA60UP by Vishay Intertechnology is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with 600V max collector-emitter voltage and 200A max collector current. It has a single configuration for power control applications, featuring a rectangular package style with flange mount and isolated case connection. Nominal turn off time is 620ns and turn on time is 131ns, making it suitable for high-power switching needs.
HGTP10N120BN
Harris Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 35 A; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
HGTG12N60A4D
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 167 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 54 A; Transistor Application: MOTOR CONTROL;
IXXX110N65B4H1
IXYS Corporation
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 880 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 250 A; Nominal Turn On Time (ton): 65 ns;
CM150TX-24S
Mitsubishi Electric
Mitsubishi Electric's CM150TX-24S is an N-CHANNEL IGBT with 6 elements, built-in diode, and thermistor. Ideal for power control applications, it has a max VCEsat of 2.25V and can handle up to 150A collector current. With a max operating temperature of 150°C and UL recognition, it offers reliable performance in various industrial settings.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
NGD15N41ACLT4G
N-CHANNEL; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 107 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Maximum Fall Time (tf): 15000 ns; Maximum Rise Time (tr): 7000 ns;
NGD15N41CL
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 107 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Terminal Position: SINGLE;
NGD15N41CLT4
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 107 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
NGD15N41CLT4G
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 107 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; No. of Elements: 1;
NGD18N40ACLBT4G
N-CHANNEL; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 115 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Gate-Emitter Threshold Voltage: 2.1 V;
NGD18N40CLB
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 115 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 430 V;
NGD18N40CLBT4
NGD18N40CLBT4G
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 115 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
NGD18N45CLBT4G
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 115 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 18 A; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3;
Littelfuse
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Qualification: Not Qualified; JESD-609 Code: e3;
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 115 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Nominal Turn On Time (ton): 5200 ns;
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Terminal Finish: TIN; Transistor Application: AUTOMOTIVE IGNITION;
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 18 A; No. of Elements: 1; JESD-30 Code: R-PSSO-G2;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved