Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
NLV74VHC14DR2G by Onsemi is a CMOS Logic Gates IC with 6 functions, 18.5ns propagation delay, and 5V nominal voltage. It is used in military-grade applications for its wide operating temperature range (-55 to 125 °C) and small outline package style (8.65mm x 3.9mm).
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
2
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Digiode
AZTECH Wire
$16.360
TANS Electronics
Kulean Microsystems
Problanco Electronics
SupplyDigital Components
Corphita
Vigor
UHIMA Technologies
Microchip USA
Corohmni
Plastic/epoxy material provides durability and protection to the internal components of the logic gates.
Surface mount capability allows for easy integration onto printed circuit boards, saving space and simplifying assembly processes.
Having multiple functions in one component reduces the number of separate components needed in a circuit, which can lead to cost savings and increased efficiency.
Compatible with a common 5V supply voltage, making it suitable for a wide range of applications and easy to integrate into existing systems.
Rectangular shape makes the logic gates easy to handle and place on a PCB, ensuring proper alignment and connection with other components.
Low propagation delay ensures fast response times, making these logic gates suitable for high-speed applications.
High operating temperature tolerance allows the logic gates to perform reliably in harsh environments or under heavy loads.
Wide operating temperature range ensures the logic gates can function in extreme cold conditions, making them versatile for various applications.
Matte tin finish provides good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance, ensuring reliable connections and long-term performance.
CMOS technology offers low power consumption and high noise immunity, making these logic gates energy-efficient and reliable in noise-prone environments.
Logic Gates NLV74VHC14DR2G attributes and parameters. Explore more Logic Gates devices from Onsemi
Family:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Logic IC Type:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
No. of Functions:
No. of Inputs:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Propagation Delay (tpd):
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V):
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
Width:
NLV74VHC14DR2G Logic ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
PCN Obsolescence/ EOL - Obsolete Notice 30/Sep/2022
Established in 1999, Onsemi is a leading global provider of power and image-sensing technologies. They are dedicated to building a better future for the automotive, industrial, cloud, medical, and IoT markets. Onsemi's core technologies include analog, digital, and mixed-signal products that offer innovative solutions for advanced automotive systems; highly reliable power management products for industrial applications; low-cost imaging solutions for medical equipment and consumer electronics; and robust communication architectures for the Internet of Things (IoT).
President, CEO
Hassane El-Khoury
Executive VP, CFO, Treasurer
Thad Trent
Senior VP
Ross F. Jatou
Aizu Fab
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1995
Japan
Aizu Wakamatsu
Wafer Capacity
52,000
Si/EPI Fab
2018
Czech Republic
Rožnov pod Radhoštěm
10,000
Expansion Phase 1 for SiC / EPI
2019
14,500
Expansion Phase 2 for SiC / EPI
2024
SiC Fab
2022
USA
Hudson
Bucheon
2013
South Korea
61,000
ISMF - Malaysia
1990
Malaysia
Seremban
95,000
Roznov Device Fab
1987
80,000
Fab 10
2002
East Fishkill
15,000
Burlington
1986
Canada
Gresham
1998
45,000
Bucheon 150mm
2000
50,000
Rochester
1983
Nampa
Pennsylvania
1997
Mountain Top
36,000
LL4148
Secos
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
LM7805CT
Fairchild Semiconductor
FIXED POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Maximum Input Voltage Absolute: 35 V; Maximum Voltage Tolerance: 5 %;
SMBJ18CA
Sensitron Semiconductor
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS
Weitron Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DS18B20
Maxim Integrated
DS18B20 by Maxim Integrated is a 12-bit digital temperature sensor with 1-Wire interface. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C, with ±0.5°C accuracy. Commonly used in applications requiring precise temperature monitoring like HVAC systems and industrial automation.
BAV99
Temic Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NXP Semiconductors
FDV304P
P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .46 A;
DS18B20U
Dallas Semiconductor
TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Minimum Operating Temperature: -55 Cel; Package Equivalence Code: TSSOP8,.19;
2N7002
Taitron Components
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM555CM
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
1N4148
Weitronic Enterprise
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
SS14
Zowie Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 30 A;
Jgd Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Reverse Recovery Time: .004 us; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: .5 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): 1 V;
Semtech Electronics
BSS138
National Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss): 10 pF; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-236AB;
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Terminal Position: DUAL;
06035C104KAT2A
KYOCERA AVX
06035C104KAT2A by KYOCERA AVX is a ceramic capacitor with 0.1uF capacitance and 50V rated DC voltage. It has X7R temperature characteristics, -55 to 125 °C operating range, and ±10% tolerance. Ideal for SMT applications requiring compact size and reliable performance in various electronic circuits.
BSS84-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. BSS84-7-F is a P-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, 0.13A max drain current, and 10 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications, it features a single configuration with built-in diode in a small outline package. Operating in enhancement mode at up to 150°C, it has Gull Wing terminals and matte tin finish.
Continental Device India
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .83 W; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-236AB;
SN74HC02DT
Rochester Electronics
NOR GATE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV27WZ17DFT2G
Onsemi
NLV27WZ17DFT2G by Onsemi is a Logic Gate with 9.5ns Propagation Delay, AEC-Q100 Screening Level, and 2 Functions. Ideal for applications requiring fast signal processing in automotive electronics due to its Schmitt Trigger technology and MILITARY Temperature Grade.
NC7WZ14P6X
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CD74HC14M96G4
Texas Instruments
CD74HC14M96G4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS logic gate with 6 functions, 41 ns propagation delay, and Schmitt Trigger technology. It operates at a voltage range of 2-6V, suitable for military-grade applications requiring fast signal processing in small outline packages.
SN74LS00N
NAND GATE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CD4093BE
CD4093BE by Texas Instruments is a CMOS logic gate with 4 functions and 2 inputs. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V, with a propagation delay of 380ns. Ideal for military-grade applications requiring Schmitt trigger technology in a through-hole package.
SN74LS00NSR
SN74LS00NSR by Texas Instruments is a TTL logic gate with 4 functions and 2 inputs. It has a propagation delay of 15 ns at 5V, making it suitable for fast signal processing applications. This surface-mount device comes in a small outline package, ideal for compact electronic designs.
74HC14PW,118
NXP Semiconductors' 74HC14PW,118 is a CMOS logic gate with 6 functions. It operates at a supply voltage range of 2-6V and has a propagation delay of 38ns. This Schmitt Trigger IC is ideal for automotive applications due to its compact size and low power consumption.
SN74LVC2G07DCKTG4
SN74LVC2G07DCKTG4 by Texas Instruments is a logic gate with 2 functions and 1 input. It has a propagation delay of 3.7 ns and operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3V. This small outline, thin profile package is commonly used in automotive applications due to its high temperature grade and moisture sensitivity level.
SN74LS08N
Motorola
AND GATE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Freescale Semiconductor
SN74HC14DRE4
SN74HC14DRE4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS logic gate with 6 functions and a propagation delay of 31 ns at 5V. It operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 °C) and has a max supply voltage of 6V. Ideal for applications requiring Schmitt trigger functionality, such as signal conditioning circuits.
MM74HC14N
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NC7SZ14M5X-L22090
The Onsemi NC7SZ14M5X-L22090 is a CMOS logic gate with Schmitt Trigger feature. It operates at 1.8V, has 13ns propagation delay, and can handle up to 50pF load capacitance. Ideal for applications requiring fast signal processing in compact designs with surface mount technology.
NL27WZ14DFT2G-L22348
NL27WZ14DFT2G-L22348 by Onsemi is a CMOS Logic Gate with 9.1ns Propagation Delay, Schmitt Trigger, and 2 Functions. Ideal for applications requiring fast signal processing in compact designs due to its small outline package and low power consumption.
SN74LVC1G17DCKTE4
SN74LVC1G17DCKTE4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS logic gate with 5.5 ns propagation delay, suitable for automotive applications. It operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3V and has a load capacitance of 50 pF. With Schmitt Trigger technology, it offers fast response times in a small outline package.
SN74LVC1G32DCKTE4
SN74LVC1G32DCKTE4 by Texas Instruments is a logic gate with 2 inputs and a propagation delay of 4.5 ns. It operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3V and is suitable for applications requiring small outline, thin profile packages.
SN74LVC1G86DBVRE4
SN74LVC1G86DBVRE4 by Texas Instruments is a logic gate with 2 inputs, 5 terminals, and a propagation delay of 9.9 ns at 1.8V supply voltage. It is designed for automotive applications, operates b/w -40 to 125°C, and has a max power supply current of 0.015 mA.
74HC1G14GW-Q100H
NXP Semiconductors' 74HC1G14GW-Q100H is a CMOS logic gate with Schmitt Trigger. It operates at temperatures from -40 to 125 °C and has a propagation delay of 38 ns at 5V. With AEC-Q100 screening, it's ideal for automotive applications requiring fast response times.
SN74LVC1G08DCKRG4
SN74LVC1G08DCKRG4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS logic gate with 2 inputs, 8 ns propagation delay, and 3.3V nominal voltage. It is used in automotive applications due to its small outline package and thin profile design, making it suitable for high-temperature environments up to 125°C. The device features a low power supply current of 0.01 mA and can operate within a wide temperature range from -40°C to 125°C.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
NLV74HC1G14DTT1G
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 5; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74VHC1GT50DTT1G
BUFFER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 5; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74VHC1G08DTT1G
NLV74VHC1G08DTT1G by Onsemi is a CMOS Logic Gate with 2 inputs, 11 ns propagation delay at 5 V. It operates in the temperature range of -55 to 125 °C and has a max supply voltage of 5.5 V. Suitable for applications requiring fast signal processing in compact spaces.
NLV74HC14ADR2G
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC14ADTR2G
NLV74HC14ADTR2G by Onsemi is a logic gate with 6 functions and a propagation delay of 22 ns. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and is suitable for applications in the military, automotive, and industrial sectors.
NLV74AC14DTR2G
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74AC14DR2G
INVERTER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC08ADTR2G
AND GATE; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74LVX14DTR2G
NLV74HC03ADR2G
NAND GATE; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC00ADG
NLV74HC03ANG
NAND GATE; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC03ADG
NLV74ACT02DR2G
NLV74HC03ADTR2G
NAND GATE; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC04ADG
NLV74AC08DR2G
AND GATE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74AC32DR2G
OR GATE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NLV74HC00ADTR2G
NLV74HC00ANG
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved