Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Maximum Operating Frequency: 2200 MHz; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm;
Median Price
$35.210
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
10
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Verical
1+ parts
$32.620
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Rochester
$31.500
$29.650
DigiKey
Farnell
$47.830
Flip Electronics (Authorized)
Digiode
$30.182
Nova Conductors
$37.650
Anansix
Vyrian
Flip Electronics
Ampacity Inc.
$27.320
One Stop Electronics
Corphita
$28.593
Continental Prestige Electronics
$36.897
Netroflash
Component Stockers USA
$40.480
$38.050
$34.400
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
UNI Independent Distributors
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Argo Parts USA
GreenTree Electronics
Kepictronics
Futuretech Components
Perfect Parts
RF & Microwave Amplifiers MW7IC2220NR1 attributes and parameters. Explore more RF & Microwave Amplifiers devices from Freescale Semiconductor
Characteristic Impedance:
Construction:
Gain:
Maximum Input Power (CW):
JESD-609 Code:
No. of Functions:
Maximum Operating Frequency:
Minimum Operating Frequency:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Equivalence Code:
Power Supplies (V):
RF or Microwave Device Type:
Sub-Category:
Technology:
Terminal Finish:
Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio:
MW7IC2220NR1 RF & Microwave trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.33.00.01
SB
8542.33.00.00
PCN Obsolescence/ EOL - Mult Dev EOL 9/Jun/2017
PCN Packaging - All Dev Label Update 15/Dec/2020
On December 7, 2015, NXP completed the merger with Freescale Semiconductor; the merged company continued its operation as NXP Semiconductors N.V.
LL4148
Yangzhou Yangjie Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
BAV99
General Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM317T
STMicroelectronics
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-30 Code: R-XSFM-T3; Minimum Input-Output Voltage Differential: 3 V;
Zetex Plc
M85049/85-08W02
Glenair
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Material: ALUMINIUM ALLOY; Associated Backshell Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Shell Sizes: 08; DIN Conformity: NO;
2N2222A
Silicon Transistor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
BSS84-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. BSS84-7-F is a P-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, 0.13A max drain current, and 10 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications, it features a single configuration with built-in diode in a small outline package. Operating in enhancement mode at up to 150°C, it has Gull Wing terminals and matte tin finish.
LM555CN
Rochester Electronics
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; No. of Functions: 1;
2N7002
Motorola
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Qualification: Not Qualified; Minimum Operating Temperature: -55 Cel;
LM317AEMP/NOPB
National Semiconductor
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: SOP; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Qualification Status: Not Qualified; Width: 3.56 mm;
Integrated Power Semiconductors
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; Operating Temperature (TJ-Min): 0 Cel; Terminal Pitch: 2.54 mm; Maximum Load Regulation (%): 1.5 %; Nominal Dropout Voltage-1: 3 V;
AT90CAN128-16AU
Microchip Technology
AT90CAN128-16AU by Microchip Technology is a microcontroller with 8-bit data RAM and 16-bit address bus width. It operates at a max clock frequency of 16 MHz, making it suitable for industrial applications requiring low power mode and connectivity options like CAN, SPI, and USART. With 53 I/O lines and 8-channel 10-bit ADCs, this microcontroller offers versatile peripheral support for various embedded systems.
0460-202-16141
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's 0460-202-16141 contact features a crimp terminal type, machined contact design, and rated AC voltage of 1500V. With a wire gauge range of 20-16 AWG, it is ideal for applications requiring a male round pin-socket contact style in assembly products.
SMBJ18CA
Fairchild Semiconductor
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358N
Samsung
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Silicon Standard
Siemens
FT232RQ-REEL
FTDI
FTDI's FT232RQ-REEL is a USB bus controller with 32 terminals, operating at 3.3-5.25V. It supports data transfer rates up to 60MBps and clock frequency of 12.02MHz, suitable for RS232/RS422/RS485 interfaces in various applications like industrial automation and communication systems.
BSS138
Inter F E T
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Terminal Finish: TIN LEAD; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
M39029/56-351
TE Connectivity's M39029/56-351 is a CRIMP contact type backshell accessory with rated voltage of 115V. It operates b/w -65 to 175 °C, suitable for MIL-C-39029/56 connectors with wire gauge ranging from 28 to 22 AWG. Ideal for military applications requiring female contacts and copper alloy material.
BGU8052X
NXP Semiconductors
WIDE BAND LOW POWER;
HMC311LP3ETR
Analog Devices
Analog Devices' HMC311LP3ETR is a GAAS RF amplifier with 12dB gain, 50 ohm impedance, and 10 dBm CW input power. It operates from 0 to 6000 MHz, drawing 74mA at 5V. Ideal for wideband low-power applications in temperatures ranging from -40°C to +85°C.
HMC636ST89ETR
Analog Devices' HMC636ST89ETR is a wide band low power RF amplifier with 5dB gain, operating from 200MHz to 4GHz. It has a max input power of 16dBm and operates on a 5V supply. Ideal for applications requiring surface mount construction in RF & microwave systems.
SMA3107-TL-E
Sanyo Semiconductor
SPF5043ZSR
Rf Micro Devices
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: GAAS; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
TQP7M9103
Triquint Semiconductor
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 10;
MAAM28000-A1G
MAAM28000-A1G by TE Connectivity is a GAAS RF amplifier with 10V power supply, 8 terminals, and max operating temp of 100°C. Its ceramic package body material and surface mounting feature make it ideal for high-frequency applications in telecommunications and radar systems.
MGA-82563-TR1G
Broadcom
Broadcom's MGA-82563-TR1G is a GAAS RF amplifier with 8.8dB gain, operating from 100MHz to 6GHz. It has a max input power of 13dBm and VSWR of 1.2, suitable for wideband low-power applications in RF and microwave systems. The component features a plastic/epoxy package, matte tin terminals, and operates b/w -40°C to 85°C.
ALM-32220
ALM-32220 by Broadcom is a wide band high power RF amplifier with 13.5 dB gain, operating from 1700 to 2700 MHz. It can handle up to 28 dBm CW input power and has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohm. Ideal for applications requiring high power amplification in RF & Microwave systems.
CHA3666-QAG
United Monolithic Semiconductor Sas
CHA3666-QAG by United Monolithic is a wide band low power RF amplifier with 19 dB gain. It operates b/w 5800-17000 MHz, handling up to 10 dBm CW input power. Ideal for RF applications, it can withstand temperatures from -40°C to 85°C.
MMG3H21NT1
MMG3H21NT1 by NXP Semiconductors is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 18.3 dB gain and 50 ohm impedance. It operates from 0 to 6000 MHz, handles up to 12 dBm input power, and draws a max of 110 mA at 5 V. Ideal for applications requiring high-frequency signal amplification in compact setups.
HMC1040LP3CETR
Analog Devices' HMC1040LP3CETR is a wide band low power RF amplifier with 17 dB gain, operating from 24-43.5 GHz. It has a max input power of 5 dBm and operates on a 2.5 V supply, making it ideal for high-frequency communication systems in various applications.
TRF37A75IDSGT
Texas Instruments
TRF37A75IDSGT by Texas Instruments is a wide band low power RF amplifier with 12 dB gain and 50 ohm impedance. It operates from 40 MHz to 6 GHz, handling up to 10 dBm CW input power. Ideal for applications requiring surface mount components in RF and microwave systems.
ERA-3SM+
Mini-circuits
Mini-circuits ERA-3SM+ is a wideband low power RF amplifier with 15.4 dB gain and 50 ohm impedance. It operates from 0 to 3000 MHz, handling up to 13 dBm CW input power. Ideal for surface mount applications in RF and microwave systems, it has a compact plastic/epoxy package and requires only a 3V supply.
MGA-85563-BLKG
Agilent Technologies
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: GAAS; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.3;
TGA2701-SM
Qorvo
TGA2701-SM by Qorvo is a wide band high power RF amplifier with 18 dB gain. It operates from 5900 MHz to 8500 MHz, handling up to 29 dBm CW input power. Ideal for applications requiring high power amplification in RF and microwave systems.
MAX2659ELT/V+
Analog Devices' MAX2659ELT/V+ is a BICMOS RF amplifier with 16.5 dB gain and 50 ohm impedance. It operates at temperatures from -40 to 85 °C, with a max input power of 10 dBm. Ideal for narrow band low power applications, it has a compact surface mount package with 6 terminals.
MGA-86576-STR
Hewlett Packard
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Body Material: METAL; Technology: GAAS; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm;
HMC907ALP5E
TQL9062
The Qorvo TQL9062 is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 15 dB gain, operating from 500 MHz to 6 GHz. It has a max input power of 33 dBm and VSWR of 1.29, suitable for various RF applications. Constructed with E-PHEMT technology, it features a plastic/epoxy package body and operates b/w -40°C to 105°C.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
MW7IC2220NR1
The NXP Semiconductors MW7IC2220NR1 is a MOS RF amplifier with 29 dB gain, operating b/w 2-2.2 GHz. It has a max input power of 20 dBm and VSWR of 5, suitable for narrowband high-power applications in the RF & microwave field. The component is designed for a max temperature of 150°C and operates on a 28V supply.
MW7IC008NT1
Freescale Semiconductor
WIDE BAND HIGH POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Gain: 21.5 dB;
WIDE BAND HIGH POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 10;
MW7IC2750NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; JESD-609 Code: e3; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 10; No. of Functions: 1; Maximum Input Power (CW): 30 dBm;
The NXP Semiconductors MW7IC2750NBR1 is a narrow band high power RF amplifier with a gain of 24 dB. It operates within the frequency range of 2500-2700 MHz and can handle a max input power of 30 dBm. This component is suitable for applications requiring high power amplification in RF and microwave systems.
MW7IC930NR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Minimum Operating Frequency: 920 MHz; Package Equivalence Code: FLNG,.67"H.SPACE; JESD-609 Code: e3;
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Power Supplies (V): 28; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Input Power (CW): 20 dBm;
MW7IC2040NR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Minimum Operating Frequency: 1805 MHz; Package Equivalence Code: FLNG,.67"H.SPACE; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn);
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Construction: COMPONENT; Power Supplies (V): 28; Maximum Operating Frequency: 1990 MHz;
MW7IC2725NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn); Maximum Input Power (CW): 22 dBm; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 10; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm;
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn); Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Construction: COMPONENT;
MW7IC2240GNR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Maximum Operating Frequency: 2200 MHz;
MW7IC2040NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 5; JESD-609 Code: e3; No. of Functions: 1;
MW7IC2240N
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 5; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Operating Frequency: 2170 MHz; Minimum Operating Frequency: 2110 MHz;
MW7IC18100NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn); Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 5; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Minimum Operating Frequency: 1805 MHz;
MW7IC2240NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn); Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Minimum Operating Frequency: 2000 MHz; Gain: 28 dB;
MW7IC2240NR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Power Supplies (V): 28; Terminal Finish: TIN; Minimum Operating Frequency: 2000 MHz;
MW7IC2725GNR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Construction: COMPONENT; JESD-609 Code: e3; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 10;
MW7IC18100NR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; JESD-609 Code: e3; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 5; Gain: 27 dB;
MW7IC2220NBR1
NARROW BAND HIGH POWER; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: MOS; Power Supplies (V): 28; Package Equivalence Code: FLNG,.8''H SPACE; JESD-609 Code: e3;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved