Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
The Texas Instruments DM74LS447M is a TTL decoder with 16 terminals and open-collector outputs. It operates at a supply voltage range of 4.75V to 5.25V, with a propagation delay of 100ns. This small outline package is ideal for commercial applications requiring inverted output polarity and standard input conditioning.
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
3
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Digiode
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Vyrian
Anansix
One Stop Electronics
$7.000
Parana Technologies
$11.031
$11.491
ChromeModa Solutions
$12.394
$10.163
IDEA Electronic Components Group
$11.774
$11.155
AZTECH Wire
$17.206
Corphita
Supply Digital
Northwest PG Solutions
DigiPath Technology Company
$11.174
Native Components
This material provides durability and protection for the internal components of the decoder & drivers, ensuring a longer lifespan.
Allows for easy and efficient installation on circuit boards without the need for additional components or hardware.
Ensures compatibility with a wide range of input signals, making this product versatile for various applications.
Standard voltage requirement that is commonly used in many electronic systems, ensuring compatibility with existing setups.
Quick response time ensures rapid processing of signals, making this product suitable for real-time applications.
Can operate effectively in high-temperature environments, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Provides flexibility in output connections, allowing for easy integration with other components or systems.
TTL technology offers high speed and reliability, making this product suitable for demanding applications.
Decoder & Drivers DM74LS447M attributes and parameters. Explore more Decoder & Drivers devices from Texas Instruments
Family:
Input Conditioning:
JESD-30 Code:
Length:
Logic IC Type:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Output Characteristics:
Output Polarity:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Propagation Delay (tpd):
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V):
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Width:
DM74LS447M Logic ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
Texas Instruments Inc. (TI) is one of the world's leading semiconductor companies and a global leader in analog and digital signal processing technology. The company has had a major impact on the electronics industry for over 80 years, manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs), software and subsystems that leverage high-performance computing capabilities. It offers an extensive portfolio of solutions for a wide range of industries, from aerospace to medical devices and consumer products to communication systems. Over its long history, TI has become synonymous with quality, reliability and innovation. Today, TI is one of the largest semiconductor companies in the world with operations in more than 30 countries across six continents.
President, CEO
Haviv Ilan
Chairman
Richard K. Templeton
Senior VP, CFO
Rafael R. Lizardi
M - Fab
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1997
USA
South Portland
Wafer Capacity
32,000
D - FAB
1966
Dallas
42,000
D MOS - 6
2002
25,000
D MOS - 5
1995
75,000
Miho - 8
1980
Japan
Inashiki
43,000
S FAB 1
Sherman
91,000
F - FAB
2001
Germany
Freising
37,000
R Fab 1
2010
Richardson
40,000
D HC Line
1999
2,000
JV3
Aizu Wakamatsu
45,000
C - FAB
2007
China
Chengdu
30,000
L - Fab
2015
Lehi
70,000
R - Fab 2
2022
S - FAB 2
2025
S - FAB 3
2028
LM358DT
ROHM
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SMBJ18CA
Transpro Electronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-609 Code: e0; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb); Nominal Breakdown Voltage: 21.1 V; Maximum Clamping Voltage: 29.2 V;
MMSZ5245BT1G
Onsemi
MMSZ5245BT1G by Onsemi is a Zener diode with 15V nominal reference voltage, 8.5mA test current, and 16 ohm dynamic impedance. It is used in applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact SMD package for temperatures ranging from -55 to 150°C.
Synsemi
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DS18B20Z/T&R
Maxim Integrated
DS18B20Z/T&R by Maxim Integrated is a 12-bit digital temperature sensor with a max supply voltage of 5.5V and an accuracy of 0.50°C. It features a 1-Wire interface, operates b/w -55°C to 125°C, and is ideal for applications requiring precise temperature monitoring in compact spaces.
1N4148
Kec
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 2 A; Config: SINGLE; Maximum Operating Temperature: 200 Cel;
LM358AN
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148W-7-F
Multicomp Pro
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM2931Z-5.0RPG
LM2931Z-5.0RPG by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V Nominal Output Voltage, 0.1A Max Output Current, and 6V Min Input Voltage. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125 °C and is ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
SN6505BDBVR
Texas Instruments
SN6505BDBVR by Texas Instruments is a small outline, low profile interface IC with 6 terminals. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C and supports a max output current of 1.5A at supply voltages ranging from 2.25V to 5.5V. Ideal for military-grade applications requiring compact design and high reliability.
Microchip Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
BSS138
Sipex
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 240;
LL4148
Rfe International
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
SS14
Goodwork Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Alpha & Omega Semiconductor
Semitron
2N7002
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
ISO1050DUBR
ISO1050DUBR by Texas Instruments is a network interface IC with 8 terminals, operating from -55 to 105°C. It features a small outline package, nickel palladium gold finish, and gull wing terminal form. Ideal for telecom applications requiring a 5V supply voltage and peak reflow temperature of 260°C.
Frontier Electronics
BSS123,215
Nexperia
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; No. of Terminals: 3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30;
74AHC138PW,118
NXP Semiconductors
NXP Semiconductors' 74AHC138PW,118 is a CMOS Decoder & Drivers with 11.5 ns Propagation Delay and 50 pF Load Capacitance. Operating b/w -40 to 125 °C, it's ideal for automotive applications due to its INVERTED Output Polarity and low profile SMALL OUTLINE package.
MC74HC138ANG
MC74HC138ANG by Onsemi is a CMOS Decoder & Driver with 16 terminals. It operates at 5V, has a propagation delay of 41ns, and can handle load capacitance of 50pF. Ideal for military-grade applications due to its inverted output polarity and standard input conditioning.
74HC138PW
The NXP Semiconductors 74HC138PW is a CMOS Decoder & Drivers with 45 ns propagation delay, 5V nominal voltage, and 225 ns propagation delay. It is used in automotive applications due to its inverted output polarity, standard input conditioning, and small outline thin profile package style.
MM74HCT138M
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CD4028BE
Rca Solid State
DECIMAL DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MM74HC154WM
National Semiconductor
MM74HC154WM by National Semiconductor is a CMOS Decoder & Drivers with 24 terminals in a small outline package. It operates at supply voltages ranging from 2V to 6V, with a propagation delay of 42ns and inverted output polarity. This industrial-grade component is suitable for applications requiring fast signal decoding and driving capabilities.
JM38510/33701BEA
Motorola
Decoder/Drivers; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CD4028BF3A
Harris Semiconductor
DECIMAL DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SN74HC138PWG4
SN74HC138PWG4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS decoder with 16 terminals and a propagation delay of 225 ns. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V, with inverted output polarity and standard input conditioning. This IC is commonly used in industrial applications requiring high-speed decoding capabilities.
74HCT4514D,653
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SN74AHC139DR
SN74AHC139DR by Texas Instruments is a decoder & driver with 10.5 ns propagation delay, suitable for automotive applications. It features 2 functions, operates at 3.3V nominal voltage, and has a max operating temperature of 125°C. This small outline package has a rectangular shape and surface mount capability.
SN74LVC139ARGYR
Texas Instruments SN74LVC139ARGYR is a CMOS decoder with 2 functions, 4 bits, and inverted output polarity. It operates at a nominal voltage of 1.8V with a propagation delay of 6.2ns, suitable for industrial applications requiring fast signal decoding in compact designs.
CD74ACT138M
Intersil
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
HEF4555BP
HEF4555BP by NXP Semiconductors is a CMOS Decoder & Drivers with 2 functions, 295 ns propagation delay at 5V. Ideal for industrial applications, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C with a load capacitance of 50 pF and max supply voltage of 15V.
MM74HC4514N
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CD4511BEE4
CD4511BEE4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS decoder with 16 terminals and 5V nominal voltage. It has a propagation delay of 420ns, latched input conditioning, and can handle load capacitance of 50pF. Ideal for military applications due to its wide operating temperature range from -55°C to 125°C.
CD74HCT4514E
Thomson Consumer Electronics
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MM74C42J
The Texas Instruments MM74C42J is a CMOS Decoder & Driver with 16 terminals, operating voltage range of 3-15V. It features inverted output polarity, 300ns propagation delay, and industrial temperature grade. Ideal for applications requiring standard input conditioning and a rectangular package style.
MC14514BCP
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
DRV3255EPAPRQ1
DRV3255EPAPRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 64 terminals, operating at -40 to 150°C. It is an AEC-Q100 compliant automotive-grade IC for Brushless DC Motor control, supporting supply voltages from 5V to 90V and output currents up to 3.5A. The package style includes a flatpack with heat sink/slug, suitable for surface mount applications in automotive systems.
TPS7A4301DGQR
TPS7A4301DGQR by Texas Instruments is an adjustable positive single output LDO regulator with a max output voltage of 14.5V and a dropout voltage of 0.6V. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in compact spaces.
CC2662R1FTWRGZRQ1
CC2662R1FTWRGZRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a 32-bit microcontroller with Cortex-M4F CPU, 48 MHz clock frequency, and 81920 bytes of RAM. Ideal for industrial applications, it features 8 ADC channels, 32 DMA channels, and peripherals like AES and PWM for efficient system integration.
LMR43610MSC3RPERQ1
LMR43610MSC3RPERQ1 by Texas Instruments is a 9-terminal switching regulator with a max output voltage of 32V and max output current of 1A. Ideal for automotive applications, it operates b/w -40 to 150°C, featuring a buck switcher config and PWM control mode at up to 2200kHz frequency.
DS160PT801ACBR
DS160PT801ACBR by Texas Instruments is a bus controller IC with 339 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It supports PCI bus compatibility with a data transfer rate of 2000 MBps. This CMOS technology device has a thin profile and fine pitch package suitable for industrial applications.
DRV8316RRGFR
DRV8316RRGFR by Texas Instruments is a motion control IC with a rectangular package and a terminal form of gull wing. It has a max output current of 8A and can operate at temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C. This IC is commonly used as a brushless DC motor controller in automotive applications.
UCC27284DRCR
UCC27284DRCR by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 channels, capable of handling a max output current of 3.5A. It operates in automotive-grade temperatures (-40 to 125°C) and has a turn-on/off time of 30µs. This chip carrier package with very thin profile is suitable for high side driver applications requiring fast switching speeds.
DM74L154AN
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS247N
SEVEN SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS47N
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Rochester Electronics
DM7446AN
DM7447AN
DM74LS138M
OTHER DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS138N
DM74LS139M
DM74LS139N
DM74LS42M
DECIMAL DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS42N
DECIMAL DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS447N
DM74LS47MX
SEVEN SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DM74LS447M
DM74LS47M
DM74LS48M
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved