Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Style (Meter): FLANGE MOUNT;
Median Price
$30.480
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
4
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Nova Conductors
1+ parts
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Chip Stock
Vyrian
Digiode
Ampacity Inc.
$0.500
Semicontronic
$3.500
$3.412
$3.395
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$6.365
AZTECH Wire
$8.660
Corohmni
$29.273
Continental Prestige Electronics
$29.870
Advanced Electronics
$35.357
$32.528
Lixinc
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Problanco Electronics
Alle Elektronik GmbH
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Corphita
Kulean Microsystems
Netroflash
$28.956
$28.346
TANS Electronics
Perfect Parts
Supply Digital
SupplyDigital Components
Argo Parts USA
Futuretech Components
UHIMA Technologies
Motion Control ICs FSBB20CH60CL attributes and parameters. Explore more Motion Control ICs devices from Fairchild Semiconductor
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Output Current:
Package Body Material:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Power Supplies (V):
Qualification:
Sub-Category:
Maximum Supply Current (Isup):
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
FSBB20CH60CL Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8541.29.00.95
SB
8541.29.00.80
In 2016 Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor (after 2022, onsemi). Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. Schlumberger bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to National Semiconductor in 1987; Fairchild was spun off as an independent company again in 1997. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor. The company had locations in the United States at San Jose, California; San Rafael, California; South Portland, Maine; West Jordan, Utah; and Mountaintop, Pennsylvania. Outside the US it operated locations in Australia;[4] Singapore; Bucheon, South Korea; Penang, Malaysia; Suzhou, China; and Cebu, Philippines, among others.
LD1117S33TR
STMicroelectronics
LD1117S33TR by STMicroelectronics is a fixed positive single output LDO regulator with a nominal output voltage of 3.3V and max output current of 1.3A. It has a small outline package style, operates at an adjustable temperature range from 0 to 125°C, and is ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in compact electronic devices.
FDLL4148
National Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
SS14
SPC TECHNOLOGY/ MULTICOMP
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148
Surge Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
M24308/2-1F
Defense Logistics Agency
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mounting Type: CABLE AND PANEL; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE; Empty Shell: NO;
2N7002
Philips Semiconductors
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
BAV99
Bytesonic Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Laube Technology
General Instrument
Infineon Technologies
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Transistor Element Material: SILICON; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
SMBJ18CA
Telefunken Microelectronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
General Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-236AB; Qualification: Not Qualified; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
2N2222A
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
BSS138PS,115
NXP Semiconductors
NXP Semiconductors' BSS138PS,115 is a N-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS breakdown voltage and 0.32A max drain current. Ideal for switching applications, it features a 1.6 ohm max on-resistance and operates in enhancement mode. The transistor comes in a small outline package with GULL WING terminals, making it suitable for surface mount designs.
Cheng-yi Electronic
Continental Device India
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BSS138
Sipex
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 240;
MBRA160T3G
Onsemi
MBRA160T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max output current of 1A and forward voltage of 0.51V. It operates b/w -55 to 150°C, has a reverse test voltage of 60V, and is ideal for power applications due to its high efficiency and small outline package style.
DRV8912QPWPRQ1
Texas Instruments
DRV8912QPWPRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 24 terminals and a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 32V. It operates in temperatures from -40°C to 125°C, making it suitable for automotive applications. This IC features a small outline package with gull wing terminals and is designed for brush DC motor control systems.
TC664EUN
Microchip Technology
TC664EUN by Microchip Technology is a Motion Control IC with 10 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 85°C. It supports supply voltages of 3-5V and features a Brushless DC Motor Controller. Ideal for industrial applications, this IC has a small outline package with matte tin finish and gull wing terminals.
DRV8353FHRTAR
DRV8353FHRTAR by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 40 terminals, operating at -40 to 125 °C. It features a max supply voltage of 100V and output current of 1A, suitable for automotive applications. This chip carrier has a very thin profile and is surface mountable, making it ideal for brushless DC motor control in compact designs.
PDRV8847PWPR
STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLER;
DRV8305NEPHPRQ1
DRV8305NEPHPRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 48 terminals in a square package. It operates b/w -40 to 150°C, suitable for automotive applications. With a max output current of 1A and supply voltage range from 4.4V to 45V, it's ideal for brushless DC motor control in compact designs.
FNB41060
Fairchild Semiconductor
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 26; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Width (mm): 23 mm; Terminal Position: DUAL;
TLE72093RAUMA1
Infineon's TLE72093RAUMA1 is a Motion Control IC for automotive applications. It operates b/w -40 to 125°C with Vsup ranging from 5V to 28V. This small outline, heat sink package has 20 terminals and is ideal for stepper motor control in tight spaces.
BD6210F-E2
ROHM
ROHM's BD6210F-E2 is a Motion Control IC with 8 terminals, operating voltage of 3-5.5V, and max output current of 0.5A. Ideal for industrial applications, this IC features a small outline package and temp range of -40 to 85°C, making it suitable for brush DC motor control systems.
VNH2SP30TR-E
VNH2SP30TR-E by STMicroelectronics is a Motion Control IC with 30 terminals, operating at 9-16 V. It features a max output current of 30 A and supports brush DC motor control applications. The package style is small outline with heat sink, suitable for surface mount assembly in various electronic devices.
TMC262C-LA-T
Maxim Integrated
STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Equivalence Code: LCC32,.2SQ,20;
POWERSTEP01
POWERSTEP01 by STMicroelectronics is a Motion Control IC with 89 terminals, operating at temperatures from -25°C to 125°C. It features a nominal voltage of 3.3V and comes in a rectangular chip carrier package style. Ideal for stepper motor control applications due to its surface mount capability and matte tin terminal finish.
DRV8425PRGER
DRV8425PRGER by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 24 terminals, operating voltage range of 0-5.5V, and max output current of 2A. Ideal for automotive applications, this stepper motor controller has a temp range of -40 to 125°C and is surface mountable in a square package style.
PDRV8316RRGFR
The Texas Instruments PDRV8316RRGFR is a Motion Control IC with 24V nominal voltage, 8A max output current, and 40 terminals. Ideal for automotive applications, this chip carrier package supports brushless DC motor control with a wide operating temperature range from -40 to 125°C.
DRV8353SMRTAT
DRV8353SMRTAT by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 40 terminals, operating voltage range of 9-100V, and output current up to 1A. It is a Brushless DC Motor Controller suitable for military-grade applications due to its wide temperature range (-55 to 125°C) and compact square package design (6x6mm).
IRAMY20UP60B
International Rectifier
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: ZIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup): 15 V;
DRV8801PWPR
Texas Instruments' DRV8801PWPR is a motion control IC with 16 terminals and a supply voltage range of 8-38V. It features a max output current of 2.8A, NMOS technology, and operates in industrial temperature grades. Ideal for brush DC motor control applications due to its compact size, high supply voltage tolerance, and low power consumption.
FDMF4061
The Onsemi FDMF4061 is a Motion Control IC with 30V Vsup, 25A output current, and -40 to 125°C operating temperature range. Ideal for automotive applications, this IC features a rectangular package shape, matte tin terminals, and quad terminal position.
TLE62086GXUMA2
TLE62086GXUMA2 by Infineon is a Motion Control IC with 28 terminals, operating at 5V. It is a Brush DC Motor Controller with a max output current of 2A. This small outline package IC is ideal for motion control applications requiring precise voltage regulation and high current output.
HIP4020IBZT
Renesas Electronics
Renesas Electronics' HIP4020IBZT is a motion control IC with 20 terminals, operating voltage range of 2.5V to 15V, and output current up to 0.5A. Ideal for stepper motor control applications, it features a small outline package with dimensions of 12.8mm x 7.5mm x 2.65mm and can operate in temperatures ranging from -40°C to 85°C.
TMC246B-PA
Trinamic Motion Control & Kg
TMC246B-PA by Trinamic: 44-terminal IC for stepper motor control. Operates at -40 to 125°C, with 3-5.5V supply voltage range and 7A output current. Ideal for automotive applications due to HVCMOS technology and low profile flatpack design.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
FSBB30CH60C
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE;
FSBB30CH60C by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 4 functions, operating at -40 to 125 °C. It has a max output current of 60 A and nominal voltage of 15 V. Ideal for AC motor control applications in automotive settings due to its robust features and performance capabilities.
FSBB30CH60CT
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Equivalence Code: MODULE,27LEAD,1.2; Package Body Material: UNSPECIFIED;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel;
FSBB20CH60C
FSBB20CH60C by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 1 function, operating at 13.5-16.5V. It features a max output current of 40A and comes in a rectangular package with 27 terminals. Ideal for AC motor control applications due to its dual terminal position and matte tin finish.
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Style (Meter): MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY; Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup): 13.5 V;
FSBB20CH60CT
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup): 300 V; Maximum Supply Current (Isup): 23 mA;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 10; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Supply Current (Isup): 23 mA;
FSBB15CH60D
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup): 14 V;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup): 15 V;
FSBB20CH60CL
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup): 13.5 V;
FSBB15CH60C
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Output Current: 15 A; Terminal Position: DUAL;
FSBB15CH60C by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 27 terminals and a supply voltage range of 13.5V to 16.5V. It features a max output current of 15A, making it suitable for AC motor control applications. This hybrid technology IC comes in a rectangular package style with matte tin terminal finish for enhanced performance.
FSBB15CH120D
FSBB15CH120D by Onsemi is a motion control IC with a nominal voltage of 600V and max output current of 30A. It is an AC motor controller suitable for automotive applications, with a temperature range from -40 to 125°C.
FSBB20CH120D
FSBB20CH120D by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 27 terminals, Vsup ranging from 300V to 800V. It operates b/w -40°C to 125°C, suitable for automotive applications. This AC Motor Controller has a max output current of 40A and uses hybrid technology.
FSBB15CH120DF
FSBB15CH120DF by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 27 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 150°C. It supports AC motor control, offering a max output current of 30A at supply voltages ranging from 13.5V to 16.5V. Ideal for automotive applications due to its temperature grade and flange mount package style.
FSBB20CH60CTSL
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed;
FSBB15CH60F
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Output Current: 15 A; JESD-609 Code: e3;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Style (Meter): MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY; Terminal Position: DUAL;
FSBB20CH60B
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 27; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved