Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
TMS9928ANH by Texas Instruments is a Display Controller with 40 terminals in PLASTIC/EPOXY package. It operates b/w 0-55°C, suitable for commercial use. Utilizes MOS technology, with rectangular shape and through-hole terminals, ideal for display applications.
Median Price
$24.820
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
4
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
American Microsemiconductor Inc.
1+ parts
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Vyrian
Digiode
Electronic Expediters
AZTECH Wire
$5.324
One Stop Electronics
$19.000
Corohmni
$60.874
Parana Technologies
$71.296
DigiPath Technology Company
$78.506
ChromeModa Solutions
$80.108
$65.689
IDEA Electronic Components Group
$76.103
$72.097
Corphita
A-Plus Industry Inc.
This material is lightweight and durable, making the display controller easy to handle and long-lasting.
The rectangular shape allows for easy integration into various electronic devices and panels.
Having 40 terminals provides flexibility in connecting the display controller to other components and peripherals.
The in-line package style enables easy installation and space-saving design in electronic systems.
With a high maximum operating temperature, this display controller can withstand heat and perform reliably in various environments.
The low minimum operating temperature ensures the display controller functions properly even in colder conditions.
Designed for commercial use, this display controller meets industry standards for reliability and performance.
MOS technology provides efficient and fast processing capabilities for the display controller.
The through-hole terminals offer secure and stable connections, ensuring reliability in data transmission.
The standard terminal pitch allows for easy connections and compatibility with other components in electronic systems.
Display Controllers TMS9928ANH attributes and parameters. Explore more Display Controllers devices from Texas Instruments
JESD-30 Code:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Qualification:
Sub-Category:
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
TMS9928ANH Peripheral ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.31.00.01
SB
8542.31.00.00
Texas Instruments Inc. (TI) is one of the world's leading semiconductor companies and a global leader in analog and digital signal processing technology. The company has had a major impact on the electronics industry for over 80 years, manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs), software and subsystems that leverage high-performance computing capabilities. It offers an extensive portfolio of solutions for a wide range of industries, from aerospace to medical devices and consumer products to communication systems. Over its long history, TI has become synonymous with quality, reliability and innovation. Today, TI is one of the largest semiconductor companies in the world with operations in more than 30 countries across six continents.
President, CEO
Haviv Ilan
Chairman
Richard K. Templeton
Senior VP, CFO
Rafael R. Lizardi
M - Fab
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1997
USA
South Portland
Wafer Capacity
32,000
D - FAB
1966
Dallas
42,000
D MOS - 6
2002
25,000
D MOS - 5
1995
75,000
Miho - 8
1980
Japan
Inashiki
43,000
S FAB 1
Sherman
91,000
F - FAB
2001
Germany
Freising
37,000
R Fab 1
2010
Richardson
40,000
D HC Line
1999
2,000
JV3
Aizu Wakamatsu
45,000
C - FAB
2007
China
Chengdu
30,000
L - Fab
2015
Lehi
70,000
R - Fab 2
2022
S - FAB 2
2025
S - FAB 3
2028
2N7002
Vishay Intertechnology
2N7002 by Vishay Intertechnology is a N-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, 0.115A Drain Current, and 7.5 ohm On Resistance. Ideal for SWITCHING applications due to its SINGLE configuration with BUILT-IN DIODE. Operates in ENHANCEMENT MODE, suitable for surface mount with GULL WING terminals.
2N2222A
Solid State Devices
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
M39029/58-360
Defense Logistics Agency
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Contact Type: CRIMP REAR RELEASE; Mating Contacts: M39029/56-348, M39029/57-354; Insertion Tool Sources: MILITARY; Contact Gender: MALE; Alternate Contact Sources: MILITARY;
LM317T/NOPB
National Semiconductor
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-609 Code: e3; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358ADR
Texas Instruments
LM358ADR by Texas Instruments is an operational amplifier with 2 functions, featuring a max input offset voltage of 5000 uV and nominal voltage of 5V. Widely used in applications requiring high voltage gain, it operates within a temperature range of 0-70°C and offers frequency compensation for stability.
Onsemi
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed; Transistor Element Material: SILICON;
M24308/2-1F
Tyco Electronics Amp
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; IEC Conformity: NO; Mixed Contacts: NO; Empty Shell: NO;
LM555CN
Harris Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
1N4148WS
Vishay Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M39029/56351
Esterline Technologies
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; IEC Conformity: NO; Contact Gender: FEMALE; DIN Conformity: NO; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT; Tool Settings: M22520/2-10;
Raytheon Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 250 MHz; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 100; Maximum Turn On Time (ton): 35 ns;
DS18B20U+
Analog Devices
DS18B20U+ by Analog Devices is a 12-bit temperature sensor with 1-Wire interface. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C, offering ±0.5°C accuracy. Suitable for applications requiring digital output and surface mounting feature.
RC0402JR-070RL
Yageo
Yageo's RC0402JR-070RL is a SMT fixed resistor with 0 ohm resistance, rated for temperatures from -55 to 155 °C. It features METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM tech, WRAPAROUND terminals, and 0.0625 W power dissipation. Ideal for jumper applications in electronics requiring compact surface mount components.
SZNUP2105LT1G
SZNUP2105LT1G by Onsemi is a Transient Suppression Device with 2 elements in a common anode configuration. It has a max non-repetitive peak reverse power dissipation of 350W and breakdown voltage of 29.1V. Ideal for applications requiring bidirectional polarity protection, such as automotive electronics and industrial equipment due to its AEC-Q101 compliance and high clamping voltage of 44V.
Tri-star Electronics International
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Material: COPPER ALLOY; MIL Conformity: YES; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-C-55302/69, MIL-C-38999; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT; Terminal Type: CRIMP;
DP83848IVVX/NOPB
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
SMBJ18CA
Shenzhen Socay Electronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
STM32F405RGT6TR
STMicroelectronics
STM32F405RGT6TR by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with 64 terminals, operating at a max frequency of 26 MHz. It features DAC and ADC channels, along with DMA support. Ideal for industrial applications requiring low power consumption and high-speed processing capabilities.
1N4148
Multicomp Pro
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
ABS25-32.768KHZ-T
Abracon
Abracon's ABS25-32.768KHZ-T crystal oscillator offers 20 ppm frequency tolerance, 122% stability, and 50000 ohm series resistance. Ideal for applications requiring 0.032768 MHz nominal frequency, such as IoT devices and precision timing systems in industrial settings.
PCF2113DH/F4
NXP Semiconductors
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 100; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
SM34061GB
SM34061GB by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 68 terminals in a ceramic grid array package. Operating temperature range of 0-70°C, suitable for commercial applications. Utilizes MOS technology with terminal pitch of 2.54mm, ideal for various display control applications.
IMSG176J-50SFT
IMSG176J-50SFT by STMicroelectronics is a Display Controller with 1024x768 resolution, 8-bit data bus, and 5.5V max supply voltage. Ideal for commercial applications, it features a quad-terminal design in a rectangular chip carrier package style.
PCA85232U/2DA/Q1,0
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; Technology: CMOS; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): NOT SPECIFIED;
IMSG173JI80Z
IMSG173JI80Z by STMicroelectronics is a Display Controller with 1024x768 pixels. It operates at 4.75-5.25V, -40 to 70 °C, and draws 250mA max current. Ideal for commercial applications requiring a MOS technology-based display controller with palette DAC support.
T7779
Toshiba
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DISPLAY; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL EXTENDED; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 100; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
KS0073-TB
Samsung
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 134; Package Code: DIE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
HCD66702RA00BP
Renesas Electronics
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 144; Package Shape: UNSPECIFIED; Terminal Position: UPPER; JESD-30 Code: X-XUUC-N144;
L64825
Broadcom
Display Controllers; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 120; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
TVP3020-170PCE
TVP3020-170PCE by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 1600x1280 pixels. It operates at 4.75-5.25V, -40 to 70°C, and has an external data bus width of 8 bits. Ideal for commercial applications requiring high-resolution displays in a compact form factor.
LC74781M
LC74781M by Onsemi is a Display Controller with 24 terminals, operating b/w -30 °C to 70°C. It has a supply voltage of 5V and uses CMOS technology. This graphics processor IC is surface mountable and suitable for various display applications.
TVP3026-250MDN
TVP3026-250MDN by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 1280x1024 pixels, 8-bit external data bus width, and 14.31818 MHz clock frequency. Ideal for military applications due to its CMOS technology, -55 to 125 °C operating temperature range, and MIL grade.
PCF2104NU/7
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 111; Package Code: DIE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TVP3409-135FN
TVP3409-135FN by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 1024x768 pixels, 8-bit data bus, and 14.318 MHz clock frequency. It is used in commercial applications for driving displays with a max supply voltage of 5.25V and operating temperature range of 0-70°C.
UPD6450CX-002
GRAPHICS PROCESSOR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
HCD66762BP
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, DOT MATRIX LCD DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 636; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel;
M35047-XXXFP
DISPLAY CONTROLLER, CRT CHARACTER DISPLAY; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Code: SSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TVP3020-175MDN
TVP3020-175MDN by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 1600x1280 pixels. It operates at 4.75-5.25V, -40 to 70°C, and has an external data bus width of 8 bits. Ideal for commercial applications requiring high-resolution displays in a compact form factor.
TVP3025-135PCE
TVP3025-135PCE by Texas Instruments is a display controller with 1600x1280 pixels, 8-bit data bus, and 140 MHz clock frequency. It is used in commercial applications for driving high-resolution displays efficiently. The package style is flatpack with a square shape and Gull Wing terminals, suitable for surface mount assembly.
PCF2116AU
PCF2116AU by NXP Semiconductors is a CMOS display controller designed for industrial applications, supporting 32x60 dot matrix displays. It operates b/w 2.5V and 6V with a max clock frequency of 0.225 MHz and features I2C bus compatibility. Its robust temperature range from -40 °C to 85 °C ensures reliable performance in harsh environments.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
CC2662R1FTWRGZRQ1
CC2662R1FTWRGZRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a 32-bit microcontroller with Cortex-M4F CPU, 48 MHz clock frequency, and 81920 bytes of RAM. Ideal for industrial applications, it features 8 ADC channels, 32 DMA channels, and peripherals like AES and PWM for efficient system integration.
TPS7A4301DGQR
TPS7A4301DGQR by Texas Instruments is an adjustable positive single output LDO regulator with a max output voltage of 14.5V and a dropout voltage of 0.6V. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in compact spaces.
DRV3255EPAPRQ1
DRV3255EPAPRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 64 terminals, operating at -40 to 150°C. It is an AEC-Q100 compliant automotive-grade IC for Brushless DC Motor control, supporting supply voltages from 5V to 90V and output currents up to 3.5A. The package style includes a flatpack with heat sink/slug, suitable for surface mount applications in automotive systems.
LMR43610MSC3RPERQ1
LMR43610MSC3RPERQ1 by Texas Instruments is a 9-terminal switching regulator with a max output voltage of 32V and max output current of 1A. Ideal for automotive applications, it operates b/w -40 to 150°C, featuring a buck switcher config and PWM control mode at up to 2200kHz frequency.
DRV8316RRGFR
DRV8316RRGFR by Texas Instruments is a motion control IC with a rectangular package and a terminal form of gull wing. It has a max output current of 8A and can operate at temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C. This IC is commonly used as a brushless DC motor controller in automotive applications.
UCC27284DRCR
UCC27284DRCR by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 channels, capable of handling a max output current of 3.5A. It operates in automotive-grade temperatures (-40 to 125°C) and has a turn-on/off time of 30µs. This chip carrier package with very thin profile is suitable for high side driver applications requiring fast switching speeds.
DS160PT801ACBR
DS160PT801ACBR by Texas Instruments is a bus controller IC with 339 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It supports PCI bus compatibility with a data transfer rate of 2000 MBps. This CMOS technology device has a thin profile and fine pitch package suitable for industrial applications.
TMS9118ANL
Display Controllers; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TMS9118NL
Display Controllers; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TMS9128NL
TMS9129NL
TMS9918AJDH
TMS9918AJL
TMS9918ANL
TMS9927JL
TMS9927NL
TMS9928AJDH
TMS9928AJL
TMS9928ANL
TMS9929AJL
TMS9929ANL
TMS9937JL
TMS9937NL
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved