Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
The Digi International XB3-24AUM is a TELECOM CIRCUIT with 1 Mbps Data Rate. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C, making it suitable for telecom applications. The RECTANGULAR package shape and SPECIAL SHAPE style enhance its performance in telecom interface ICs.
Median Price
$22.390
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
8
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
DigiKey
1+ parts
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Mouser Electronics
Symmetry
Farnell
$34.890
$20.940
Element14
$42.260
Nova Conductors
$24.960
Vyrian
Semtec, LLC
Corohmni
$6.651
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$14.850
Advanced Electronics
$20.355
$18.523
$16.691
Continental Prestige Electronics
$24.461
Netroflash
Neutron USA
$136.460
Argo Parts USA
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Provides a standard shape for easy integration into telecom devices.
Offers a unique design for improved aesthetics and functionality in telecom applications.
Ensures the IC can operate efficiently in a wide range of temperature conditions for reliable performance.
Withstands extreme cold environments, making this IC suitable for various telecom applications.
Specifically designed for telecom functionality, ensuring optimal performance and compatibility.
Offers high-speed data transmission capabilities, making it ideal for telecom systems requiring fast connectivity.
Other Function Telecom Interface ICs XB3-24AUM attributes and parameters. Explore more Other Function Telecom Interface ICs devices from Digi International
Data Rate:
JESD-30 Code:
No. of Functions:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Surface Mount:
Telecom IC Type:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
XB3-24AUM Telecommunications trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
PCN Design/Specification - Firmware version 14/Jul/2021 Mult Dev Firmware Chgs 2/Nov/2020
Since 1985, Digi International Inc. (Digi) has been a pioneer in wireless communication, forging the future for connected devices and responding to the needs of the people and enterprises that use them. Before the Internet of Things was a thing, we built M2M and IoT devices, adapted to evolving network standards, and optimized data communications around the most advanced protocols and emerging technologies. From radio frequency modems to gateways, cellular routers, networking devices, embedded system-on-modules (SOM) and single-board computers (SBCs), Digi's solutions have continually grown to serve the full breadth of applications across the IoT landscape. Today, our IoT offering includes sensor-based solutions, a sophisticated platform for remotely monitoring device deployments of any size, anywhere, as well as professional design, implementation and certification teams to help you carry out your vision, no matter how large or small.
MMSZ5245BT1G
Onsemi
MMSZ5245BT1G by Onsemi is a Zener diode with 15V nominal reference voltage, 8.5mA test current, and 16 ohm dynamic impedance. It is used in applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact SMD package for temperatures ranging from -55 to 150°C.
2N2222A
Aeroflex/metelics
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Package Shape: ROUND; Transistor Application: SWITCHING;
M85049/85-08W02
Amphenol
CIRCULAR CONN ACCESSORY; Shell Sizes: 8; 9; IEC Conformity: NO; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: BAND LOCK ADAPTER; MIL Conformity: YES; DIN Conformity: NO;
LM555CN
National Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
SS14
Leshan Radio
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Config: SINGLE; No. of Phases: 1; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): .5 V;
SMBJ18CA
Rectron
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Bharat Electronics
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
L7805CV
STMicroelectronics
L7805CV by STMicroelectronics is a fixed positive single output standard regulator with an output voltage of 5V and max current of 1.5A. It operates in temperatures ranging from 0 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring stable voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
BSS123LT1G
BSS123LT1G by Onsemi is a N-CHANNEL FET with 100V DS breakdown voltage, 0.17A drain current, and 6 ohm on resistance. Ideal for switching applications, it operates in enhancement mode with a max power dissipation of 0.225W. It comes in a small outline package with gull wing terminals and can withstand temperatures from -55 to 150°C.
1N4148WS
Surge Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM2931Z-5.0RPG
LM2931Z-5.0RPG by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V Nominal Output Voltage, 0.1A Max Output Current, and 6V Min Input Voltage. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125 °C and is ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
CC0603KRX7R9BB104
Yageo
Yageo's CC0603KRX7R9BB104 is a ceramic capacitor with 0.1uF capacitance and 50V rated DC voltage. With X7R temperature characteristics, it operates b/w -55 to 125°C. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics due to its compact size of 1.6mm x 0.8mm x 0.8mm and wraparound terminals.
CRGCQ0805F10R
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's CRGCQ0805F10R is a 10 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 400 ppm/°C temperature coefficient. It is a surface mount thick film resistor in an 0805 package, suitable for applications requiring precise resistance values in compact electronic circuits.
1N4148
Bkc Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
Changzhou Galaxy Century Microelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Config: SINGLE; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; No. of Phases: 1; Diode Element Material: SILICON;
BSS138
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 50 V; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
ESD5Z5.0T1G
ESD5Z5.0T1G by Onsemi is a unidirectional Trans Voltage Suppressor Diode with 5V reverse test voltage and 174W peak power dissipation. It is used for transient suppression in electronic circuits, meeting IEC-61000-4-2, 4-4 standards and UL recognized for reliability.
LM7805CT
Texas Instruments
LM7805CT by Texas Instruments is a fixed positive single output standard regulator with an output voltage of 5V and max current of 1.5A. It operates b/w 0-125°C, has a dropout voltage of 2V, and offers excellent line/load regulation for various electronic applications.
BAV99+
Multicomp Pro
BAV99+ by Multicomp Pro is a series connected diode with 0.2A output current and 75V peak reverse voltage. Its 0.006us reverse recovery time makes it ideal for high-speed applications. This small outline rectifier diode is designed for surface mount installation in electronic circuits.
LBEE5KL1DX-883
Murata Manufacturing
Murata Manufacturing's LBEE5KL1DX-883 is a RECTANGULAR MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY with 46 terminals. Operating from -30 to 70°C, it has a seated height of 1.1mm and nominal voltage of 3.6V. Ideal for TELECOM CIRCUITS, this Telecom Interface IC is surface mountable and suited for various telecom applications.
ST25R3915-AQFT
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): NOT SPECIFIED; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED;
SA602AD/01,118
NXP Semiconductors
SA602AD/01,118 by NXP Semiconductors is a telecom interface IC with 20 terminals in a small outline package. Operating temperature range from -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. Features nickel palladium gold silver terminal finish and 3V nominal voltage.
JN5168-001-M03Z
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 240;
SA616DK/01,112
SA616DK/01,112 by NXP Semiconductors is a telecom interface IC with 20 terminals in a small outline package. Operating temperature range from -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial use. Features nickel palladium gold terminal finish and gull wing form factor for telecom circuit applications.
ENW89823A4KF
Panasonic
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 250;
CC1125RHBT
CC1125RHBT by Texas Instruments is a telecom IC with 32 terminals, operating at 3V. It has a data rate of 0.2 Mbps and can withstand temperatures from -40 to 85°C. This chip carrier package is ideal for industrial telecom applications requiring a compact design and surface mount capability.
SX1280IMLTRT
Semtech
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; JESD-609 Code: e3; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1;
MGM240PA32VNN3
Silicon Labs
TELECOM CIRCUIT;
453-00060R
Laird Technologies
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
MAX-M8C-0
U-blox Ag
MAX-M8C-0 by U-blox Ag is a GNSS module with 18 terminals and a rectangular package shape. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85 °C, making it suitable for industrial applications. With a compact size of 9.7mm width and 10.1mm length, it is ideal for space-constrained projects.
RN42XVP-I/RM
Microchip Technology
RN42XVP-I/RM by Microchip Technology is a telecom IC with 20 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 85 °C. It has a data rate of 0.3 Mbps and operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3 V. This rectangular package is ideal for industrial applications requiring reliable telecom circuit connectivity.
CYBT-353027-02
Cypress Semiconductor
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 19; Package Shape: SQUARE; JESD-30 Code: S-XXMA-N19;
SN65DSI85ZQER
SN65DSI85ZQER by Texas Instruments is a 64-terminal, industrial-grade telecom interface IC with a data rate of 1 Mbps. It operates b/w -40°C to 85°C and has a supply voltage of 1.8V. This square-shaped IC in grid array package is ideal for telecom circuit applications requiring fine pitch and low profile design.
ADRF5044BCCZN
Analog Devices
Analog Devices' ADRF5044BCCZN is a 24-terminal SQUARE IC with -40 to 85°C temp range. Ideal for TELECOM CIRCUITS, it operates at 3.3V, has a 0.5mm terminal pitch, and MSL of 3.
CC2520RHDRG4
CC2520RHDRG4 by Texas Instruments is a Telecom IC with 28 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 125°C. It features a data rate of 0.25 Mbps, suitable for automotive applications due to its CMOS technology and 3V supply voltage requirement. The package style is chip carrier with a very thin profile, making it ideal for surface mount applications.
AT86RF215M-ZU
Atmel
RF AND BASEBAND CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: VQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
CYBLE-224116-01
Infineon Technologies
CYBLE-224116-01 by Infineon is a telecom IC with 32 terminals, operating at -40 to 105°C. It has a supply voltage of 3.3V and terminal pitch of 0.76mm. Ideal for industrial applications requiring compact surface-mount telecom interface ICs.
CC2564BRVMT
Texas Instruments CC2564BRVMT is a 76-terminal telecom IC with a 3.6V supply voltage, operating b/w -40 to 85°C. It features matte tin finish, quad terminal position, and chip carrier package style for industrial applications requiring thin profile and surface mount compatibility.
SX1262IMLTRT
RF AND BASEBAND CIRCUIT; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; JESD-609 Code: e3;
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
XB3-24Z8PT-J
Digi International
XB3-24Z8PT-J by Digi Int. is a telecom IC with 20 terminals in MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY package. Operating temp range -40 to 85°C, INDUSTRIAL grade. Ideal for TELECOM CIRCUIT applications due to THROUGH-HOLE terminal form and DUAL position.
XB3-24Z8UT-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Shape: UNSPECIFIED; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED;
XB3-24Z8ST-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Shape: UNSPECIFIED; No. of Functions: 1;
XB3-24Z8UM-J
The Digi International XB3-24Z8UM-J is a surface mount telecom IC with 34 terminals. Operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. Package style is microelectronic assembly, making it ideal for telecom circuit interfaces.
XB3-24DMCM-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): NOT SPECIFIED;
XB3-24Z8PT
The Digi International XB3-24Z8PT is a telecom IC with 20 terminals in a MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY package. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for industrial applications requiring reliable telecom circuit connections. The terminal form is THROUGH-HOLE, ideal for robust and secure installations.
XB3-24Z8ST
The Digi International XB3-24Z8ST is an industrial-grade telecom circuit with 20 terminals in a through-hole package. It operates b/w -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for various telecom interface applications. Its dual terminal position and microelectronic assembly style enhance its functionality in telecommunications systems.
XB3-24Z8UT
The Digi International XB3-24Z8UT is an industrial-grade telecom circuit with 20 terminals in a through-hole package. It operates b/w -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for various telecom interface applications. This MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY offers reliable performance in harsh environments.
XB3-24Z8CM-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 34; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
XB3-24Z8UM
The Digi International XB3-24Z8UM is a surface mount telecom IC with 34 terminals. Operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. With a compact size of 13mm x 19mm, it's ideal for telecom circuit integration in various devices.
XB3-24Z8US-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 37; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; JESD-30 Code: R-XXMA-N37;
XB3-24Z8RM-J
XB3-24DMUM-J
XB3-24AUT-J
TELECOM CIRCUIT; Terminal Form: UNSPECIFIED; Package Code: XMA; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Style (Meter): SPECIAL SHAPE;
XB3-24DMCM
XB3-24ARM-J
The Digi International XB3-24ARM-J is a TELECOM CIRCUIT IC with 1 Mbps data rate. Operating temperature range: -40 to 85°C. RECTANGULAR package shape for telecom interfaces, ideal for various telecommunications applications.
XB3-24ARM
The Digi International XB3-24ARM is a TELECOM CIRCUIT with 1 Mbps Data Rate. It operates b/w -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for various telecom applications. The RECTANGULAR package style and SPECIAL SHAPE design enhance its performance in Other Function Telecom Interface ICs.
XB3-24Z8US
The Digi International XB3-24Z8US is a telecom IC with 37 terminals, suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40°C to 85°C, making it ideal for harsh environments. This surface-mount IC comes in a rectangular package style and is designed for other telecom interface functions.
XB3-24APS
The Digi International XB3-24APS is a TELECOM CIRCUIT with 1 Mbps Data Rate. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C, making it suitable for telecom applications. The RECTANGULAR package shape and SPECIAL SHAPE style enhance its performance in Other Function Telecom Interface ICs.
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved