Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Output Current: 3.1 A; Maximum Seated Height: 3.3 mm;
Median Price
$3.995
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
14
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Rochester
1+ parts
-
100+ parts
$3.610
1k+ parts
$3.230
10k+ parts
$3.040
Verical
$4.513
$4.037
$3.800
DigiKey
$2.760
Flip Electronics (Authorized)
Farnell
$4.380
Digiode
$4.009
Nova Conductors
$4.750
Bristol Electronics
$7.570
$3.558
$3.406
Chip Stock
Vyrian
Flip Electronics
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Dan-Mar Components
DigiKey Marketplace
Ampacity Inc.
$3.590
Corphita
$3.798
Corohmni
$4.220
Metaverse IC Inc.
Authorized Procurement Solutions
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
Kepictronics
Microchip USA
SupplyDigital Components
Supply Digital
Argo Parts USA
Problanco Electronics
Kulean Microsystems
TANS Electronics
Perfect Parts
UHIMA Technologies
Continental Prestige Electronics
Motion Control ICs FSB50250A attributes and parameters. Explore more Motion Control ICs devices from Fairchild Semiconductor
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Output Current:
Package Body Material:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Power Supplies (V):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Sub-Category:
Maximum Supply Current (Isup):
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
Width (mm):
FSB50250A Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8541.29.00.95
SB
8541.29.00.80
In 2016 Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor (after 2022, onsemi). Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. Schlumberger bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to National Semiconductor in 1987; Fairchild was spun off as an independent company again in 1997. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor. The company had locations in the United States at San Jose, California; San Rafael, California; South Portland, Maine; West Jordan, Utah; and Mountaintop, Pennsylvania. Outside the US it operated locations in Australia;[4] Singapore; Bucheon, South Korea; Penang, Malaysia; Suzhou, China; and Cebu, Philippines, among others.
BAV99
Bytesonic Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148
Philips Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Maximum Operating Temperature: 200 Cel; Maximum Output Current: .15 A; JESD-609 Code: e3;
SZNUP2105LT1G
Onsemi
SZNUP2105LT1G by Onsemi is a Transient Suppression Device with 2 elements in a common anode configuration. It has a max non-repetitive peak reverse power dissipation of 350W and breakdown voltage of 29.1V. Ideal for applications requiring bidirectional polarity protection, such as automotive electronics and industrial equipment due to its AEC-Q101 compliance and high clamping voltage of 44V.
87832-1420
Molex
87832-1420 by Molex is a 14-contact board connector with 0.079" pitch, suitable for commercial applications. It features matte tin over nickel finish, glass-filled polyamide insulator, and polarization key for easy assembly. Withstanding voltage of 1400VAC and operating temperature range from -55 to 105°C make it reliable for various electronic devices.
M85049/85-08W02
Glenair
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Material: ALUMINIUM ALLOY; Associated Backshell Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Shell Sizes: 08; DIN Conformity: NO;
2N2222A
New England Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
1N4148WT
Surge Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM317T
Linear Technology
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Operating Temperature (TJ-Min): 0 Cel; No. of Functions: 1; JESD-609 Code: e0;
FDLL4148
Fairchild Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
ULN-2803A
Sprague Electric
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V nominal output voltage, 0.1A max output current, and 0.6V max dropout voltage. Ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in temperature-sensitive environments up to 150°C.
SS495ASP
Micro Switch
The Micro Switch SS495ASP is an analog circuit IC with a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 10.5V, suitable for automotive applications. Its package body material is plastic/epoxy, and it has a rectangular shape with three terminals. Operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 125°C, making it ideal for various automotive sensor and control systems.
Diotec Semiconductor Ag
SMBJ18CA
Semtech
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Pulse Electronics
LAN8720AI-CP-TR
Standard Microsystems
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
1N4148WS
Weitron Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
0460-202-16141
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's 0460-202-16141 contact features a crimp terminal type, machined contact design, and rated AC voltage of 1500V. With a wire gauge range of 20-16 AWG, it is ideal for applications requiring a male round pin-socket contact style in assembly products.
Lite-on Semiconductor
ABS25-32.768KHZ-T
Abracon
Abracon's ABS25-32.768KHZ-T crystal oscillator offers 20 ppm frequency tolerance, 122% stability, and 50000 ohm series resistance. Ideal for applications requiring 0.032768 MHz nominal frequency, such as IoT devices and precision timing systems in industrial settings.
FNB41560
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 26; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Qualification: Not Qualified;
DRV8353SMRTAT
Texas Instruments
DRV8353SMRTAT by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 40 terminals, operating voltage range of 9-100V, and output current up to 1A. It is a Brushless DC Motor Controller suitable for military-grade applications due to its wide temperature range (-55 to 125°C) and compact square package design (6x6mm).
LM629M-6/NOPB
National Semiconductor
BRUSH DC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
A3979SLPTR
Allegro MicroSystems
Allegro MicroSystems A3979SLPTR is a Motion Control IC with 28 terminals, operating voltage of 3-5.5 V, and max output current of 2.5 A. Ideal for stepper motor control applications due to its BCDMOS technology and compact design with small outline package shape. Operating temperature range from -20 to 85 °C ensures reliable performance in various environments.
FSB50250US
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Functions: 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
A5932KLPTR-T
Allegro MicroSystems' A5932KLPTR-T is a Motion Control IC with 24 terminals, operating voltage range of 5.5V to 50V, and AEC-Q100 screening level. Ideal for AC motor control applications due to its compact size (7.8mm x 4.4mm) and wide temperature range (-40°C to 150°C).
UC3625DWTR
UC3625DWTR by Texas Instruments is a motion control IC with 12V nominal voltage and 2A max output current. Ideal for brushless DC motor control, it features a small outline package, dual terminal position, and operates b/w 0-70°C.
MC33886PVW
NXP Semiconductors
MC33886PVW by NXP Semiconductors is a Motion Control IC with 20 terminals, operating voltage range of 5-28V, and AEC-Q100 screening. Ideal for automotive applications, it offers a wide temperature range from -40 to 125°C and supports stepper motor control with a compact rectangular package design.
MC33033DWR2G
MC33033DWR2G by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 20V supply voltage, suitable for industrial applications. It features a max output current of 0.1A and operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85°C. This brushless DC motor controller has a small outline package style, making it ideal for compact designs.
IM231L6S1BALMA1
Infineon Technologies
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3;
DRV8703QRHBTQ1
DRV8703QRHBTQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 32 terminals, operating voltage range of 5.5V to 45V, and temperature grade suitable for automotive applications. It features a max operating temperature of 125°C, package style in chip carrier with very thin profile, and terminal finish in Nickel/Palladium/Gold. Ideal for stepper motor control systems requiring precise motion control in harsh environments.
DRV8304HRHAT
DRV8304HRHAT by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 40 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 125°C, and supply voltage from 6V to 38V. It is ideal for automotive applications as a Brushless DC Motor Controller in a square chip carrier package suitable for surface mount assembly.
DRV8876NPWPT
DRV8876NPWPT by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 16 terminals, operating voltage range of 4.5V to 37V, and temperature grade suitable for automotive applications. It features a small outline package with heat sink, nickel palladium gold terminal finish, and dual terminal position ideal for brush DC motor control. With a wide supply voltage range and high operating temperature, it is well-suited for demanding automotive motion control systems.
FNA41560T2
FNA41560T2 by Onsemi is a motion control IC with 1 function. It has a nominal voltage of 15V and can handle a max output current of 30A. This IC, with its automotive temperature grade, is suitable for AC motor control applications.
L6207QTR
STMicroelectronics
STMicroelectronics L6207QTR is a Motion Control IC with 2 functions, suitable for automotive applications. It operates at a voltage range of 8-52V and can handle a max output current of 5.6A. With BCDMOS technology, it has a compact square package style ideal for stepper motor control in tight spaces.
TMC2130-LA
Trinamic Motion Control & Kg
TMC2130-LA by Trinamic is a Motion Control IC with 36 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 125°C. It's a Stepper Motor Controller with 3A output current, suitable for automotive applications due to its CMOS technology and low profile design.
FSB50250S
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-30 Code: R-XDMA-G23; Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup): 16.5 V;
DRV8350FSRTVR
DRV8350FSRTVR by Texas Instruments is a Motion Control IC with 32 terminals, operating voltage range of 9-10V, and max output current of 1A. Ideal for automotive applications, it features a compact square package shape and can withstand temperatures from -40 to 125°C.
FSB50450US
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Length: 29 mm;
LB1838M-TRM-E
LB1838M-TRM-E by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 14 terminals, operating voltage of 2.5V to 9V, and max supply current of 18mA. Ideal for stepper motor control applications due to its small outline package, dual terminal position, and commercial extended temperature grade.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
FSB50550ASE
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Output Current: 5 A; Terminal Form: GULL WING;
FSB50550ASE by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 23 terminals, operating at 13.5-16.5V. It has a max output current of 5A and peak reflow temperature of 260°C. Ideal for AC motor control applications due to its compact rectangular package style and matte tin terminal finish.
FSB50450AS
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; No. of Functions: 1;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Seated Height: 3.5 mm; JESD-30 Code: R-XDMA-G23;
FSB50760SFS
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Functions: 1; Qualification: Not Qualified;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-30 Code: R-XDMA-G23; Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup): 15 V;
FSB50450S
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn);
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: UNSPECIFIED; Maximum Output Current: 3 A;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN;
FSB52006S
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Qualification: Not Qualified;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: UNSPECIFIED; JESD-609 Code: e3;
FSB50450A
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Length: 29 mm; Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup): 15 V;
FSB50450A by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 23 terminals, operating at 15V. It features a max output current of 3.9A and is designed for AC motor control applications. With a package style of MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY, it offers a compact solution for precise motion control systems.
FSB50550AS
FSB50550AS by Onsemi is a Motion Control IC with 23 terminals, operating at 15V. It features a max output current of 5A and is ideal for AC motor control applications. With a compact rectangular package style and surface mount design, it offers precise control in a variety of motion control systems.
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
FSB50450AT
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup): 13.5 V; Width (mm): 12 mm;
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Length: 29 mm;
FSB50250A
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Equivalence Code: MODULE,23LEAD,.55; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE;
FSB50250UTD
AC MOTOR CONTROLLER; No. of Terminals: 23; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; Package Body Material: UNSPECIFIED; JESD-30 Code: R-XDMA-T23;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved