Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL EXTENDED; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
2
In-Stock Inventory
< 1k
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Digiode
Modulus Dynamics
$4.142
$3.976
$3.811
Corphita
Peripheral Drivers ISP75NHUMA1 attributes and parameters. Explore more Peripheral Drivers devices from Infineon Technologies
Built-in Protections:
Interface IC Type:
JESD-30 Code:
Length:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Output Current Flow Direction:
Nominal Output Peak Current Limit:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
Surface Mount:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
Turn-off Time:
Turn-on Time:
Width:
ISP75NHUMA1 Interface ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
Infineon Technologies AG is a leading global semiconductor manufacturer and provider of comprehensive solutions for automotive, industrial, and consumer applications. Founded in 1999, the company has grown to become one of the largest semiconductor manufacturers in Europe. Infineon is headquartered in Neubiberg, Germany with operations across countries in Europe and Asia Pacific. Infineon provides microelectronics products that address many of today's societal challenges affecting energy efficiency, mobility, security and connectivity. Over the past two decades Infineon has become a major player in the semiconductor industry with an impressive portfolio of innovative technologies. As one of only four companies that produce DRAM chips for automobiles, Infineon produces cutting-edge processors for use in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Likewise, they specialize in providing advanced embedded secure microcontrollers that are essential for connected devices. Furthermore, they offer integrated circuit solutions for industrial power control such as motor controllers and embedded gate drivers.
CEO
Jochen Hanebeck
Chief Financial Officer
Sven Schneider
Chief Marketing Officer
Andreas Urschitz
Villach 300mm
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
2011
Austria
Villach
Wafer Capacity
11,000
Kulim 2
2016
Malaysia
Kulim
79,500
Dresden - Module 3
1999
Germany
Dresden
58,000
Villach Building
2,000
Regensburg
1986
60,000
Dresden 200 - Module 1
1995
28,000
Dresden 200 - Module 2
1996
Building 38
2005
500
Building 47
Kulim 1
2006
110,000
Mesa Facility
1990
USA
Mesa
3,000
Villach 150mm
1981
35,000
Villach 200mm
68,000
Temecula
30,000
2021
2018
5,000
Kulim 3
2024
Fab 25
Austin
31,000
Dresden - Module 4
2026
M24308/2-1F
Defense Logistics Agency
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mounting Type: CABLE AND PANEL; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE; Empty Shell: NO;
Adi Electronics
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; MIL Conformity: YES; Filter Feature: NO; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE;
1N4148
Rugao Dachang Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N2222A
M/a-com Technology Solutions
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Terminal Position: BOTTOM; Package Style (Meter): CYLINDRICAL;
LM78L05ACMX/NOPB
National Semiconductor
FIXED POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Maximum Input Voltage Absolute: 35 V; Maximum Voltage Tolerance: 5 %;
DS18B20
Maxim Integrated
DS18B20 by Maxim Integrated is a 12-bit digital temperature sensor with 1-Wire interface. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C, with ±0.5°C accuracy. Commonly used in applications requiring precise temperature monitoring like HVAC systems and industrial automation.
LIS2DH12TR
STMicroelectronics
LIS2DH12TR by STMicroelectronics is a 3-axis accelerometer with digital voltage output. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with supply voltage range of 1.71-3.6V. Ideal for applications requiring precise motion sensing in compact spaces like wearables and IoT devices.
BSS138
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's BSS138 is a N-CHANNEL FET with SINGLE configuration and ENHANCEMENT MODE operation. It features 0.35W power dissipation, METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR tech, and 150°C max temp. Ideal for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits requiring efficient power management.
Sinyork
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: .5 A; Maximum Output Current: .15 A; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; No. of Phases: 1;
1N4148WS
Dc Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Semitronics
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
OHN3140U
Optek Technology
MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR,HALL EFFECT; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 3; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 25mA;
LL4148-GS08
Telefunken Microelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-609 Code: e0; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 2 A;
Panjit International
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance: 3 ohm; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 50 V; Terminal Form: GULL WING;
Itt Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 250 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
2N7002
Diotec Semiconductor Ag
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 10; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN;
CRCW06030000Z0EAHP
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW06030000Z0EAHP is a 0 ohm jumper resistor with METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM tech. Operating temp range -55 to 155 °C, it's SMT package style makes it ideal for automotive applications meeting AEC-Q200 standard.
Samsung
N-CHANNEL AND P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance: 5 ohm; No. of Terminals: 3;
BAV99
Fairchild Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358N
Silicon Group
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
IRS21864STRPBF
Infineon Technologies
IRS21864STRPBF by Infineon Technologies is a 14-terminal peripheral driver with built-in transient and under voltage protections. It operates b/w -40 to 125 °C, suitable for automotive applications. With a max supply voltage of 20 V, it offers a nominal output peak current limit of 4 A and turn-on/off time of 0.25 us.
UDN-2981A
Sprague Electric
Peripheral Drivers; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
UDN2981A
Allegro MicroSystems
Allegro MicroSystems' UDN2981A is a peripheral driver with 8 functions, operating at 5-50V. It features built-in transient protection and can handle up to 0.35A output current. Ideal for applications requiring true output polarity control in commercial extended temperature environments.
MAX845ESA-T
MAX845ESA-T by Maxim Integrated is an 8-terminal peripheral driver with a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 5.5V, suitable for industrial applications. It features a peak current limit of 1A, Gull Wing terminal form, and operates in temperatures from -40°C to 85°C. Ideal for buffer or inverter-based systems requiring source and sink output current flow control.
E-L6201PSTR
STMicroelectronics E-L6201PSTR is a full-bridge peripheral driver with 20 terminals. It operates b/w 12V to 48V, offering built-in thermal protection. Utilized in applications requiring source and sink current flow control, it features BCDMOS technology in a compact rectangular package.
AUIR2085STR
International Rectifier
HALF BRIDGE BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TPS22975NDSGT
Texas Instruments
TPS22975NDSGT by Texas Instruments is a small outline, heat sink package with thermal protection. It operates b/w -40 to 105 °C and supports a max supply voltage of 5.7 V. Ideal for industrial applications requiring buffer or inverter based peripheral drivers with sink output current flow direction.
BTS117BKSA1
BTS117BKSA1 by Infineon Technologies is a MOS technology peripheral driver with built-in protections for transient, over current, and over voltage. It has 3 terminals, a nominal output peak current limit of 25A, and turn-on time of 70 us. This rectangular package style flange mount device is ideal for applications requiring sink output current flow direction.
L6201PSTR
L6201PSTR by STMicroelectronics is a full bridge peripheral driver with 1A output current, 48V max supply voltage, and built-in transient protection. It is ideal for applications requiring source and sink output current flow direction in a compact small outline package.
BTS740S2XUMA1
BTS740S2XUMA1 by Infineon Technologies is a peripheral driver with a max supply voltage of 34V. It offers built-in protections against transient, over current, over voltage, and thermal issues. This small outline package is suitable for applications requiring a nominal output peak current limit of 8.5A.
BTS3134NHUMA1
BTS3134NHUMA1 by Infineon is a MOS technology peripheral driver with built-in protections for transient, over current, and over voltage. It has 4 terminals in a small outline package style, with a nominal voltage of 12V and output peak current limit of 24A. Ideal for applications requiring sink output current flow direction and fast turn-on/off times of 100 us.
FDC6331L
Onsemi
FDC6331L by Onsemi is a small outline, low profile peripheral driver with 6 terminals. It operates at a nominal voltage of 6.4V and has built-in transient protections. With a max output peak current limit of 9A, it is ideal for half bridge based applications requiring source and sink current flow control.
BTS432E2E3062A
BTS432E2E3062A by Infineon Technologies is a peripheral driver with a max supply voltage of 42V. It offers built-in protections for transient, over current, over voltage, thermal, and under voltage conditions. This MOS technology-based driver has a nominal output peak current limit of 44A and is commonly used as a buffer or inverter based peripheral driver.
TPS27081ADDCR
TPS27081ADDCR by Texas Instruments is a peripheral driver with a max supply voltage of 8V. It has built-in transient protection and operates in an industrial temperature range. This IC type is commonly used as a buffer or inverter based peripheral driver for various applications.
ULN2068B
Motorola
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HDIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DS2482S-100+T&R
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
ULN2804AN
ULN2804AN by Texas Instruments is a CMOS technology-based peripheral driver with 8 bits. It has a max output current of 0.35A and built-in transient protection. Ideal for applications requiring sink output current flow direction, with a supply voltage range from 6V to 15V.
IRS2011STRPBF
IRS2011STRPBF by Infineon is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals, operating voltage range of 10-20V. It offers built-in transient and under voltage protections, suitable for automotive applications. This CMOS technology-based driver has a turn-on/off time of 0.08us and can sink output current.
VN750PSTR-E
STMicroelectronics' VN750PSTR-E is a peripheral driver with built-in protections for transient, over current, and over voltage. It operates within a supply voltage range of 5.5V to 36V and can handle a max output current of 2A. Ideal for applications requiring true output polarity and source flow direction in compact designs.
NX18P3001UKZ
NXP Semiconductors
NX18P3001UKZ by NXP Semiconductors is a Peripheral Driver with 12 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It has a voltage range of 5.4-16V and comes in a rectangular plastic/epoxy package suitable for industrial applications. The package style is grid array with fine pitch, making it ideal for surface mount designs.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
ISP752TFUMA1
Infineon's ISP752TFUMA1 is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals, offering built-in protections for over current, over voltage, thermal, and under voltage. It operates b/w -30 to 85 °C with a supply voltage range of 6-52 V. Ideal for applications requiring a small outline package style and source output current flow direction.
ISP762TFUMA1
ISP762TFUMA1 by Infineon Technologies is a peripheral driver with a max supply voltage of 34V and built-in transient protection. It has 8 terminals, operates b/w -30°C to 85°C, and offers an output peak current limit of 8.5A. Ideal for applications requiring buffer or inverter-based peripheral drivers in commercial extended temperature environments.
ISP752RFUMA1
ISP752RFUMA1 by Infineon Technologies is a peripheral driver with 8 terminals and built-in protections. It operates b/w -30 to 85 °C, with a supply voltage range of 6-52 V. Ideal for applications requiring a small outline package style and sink output current flow direction.
ISP772TFUMA1
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL EXTENDED; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
ISP752TXT
ISP752TXT by Infineon Technologies is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals, offering built-in protections for over current, over voltage, thermal, and under voltage. It operates b/w -30 to 85 °C with a supply voltage range of 6-52 V. Ideal for applications requiring a small outline package style and nominal output peak current limit of 6.5 A.
ISP772TXT
Infineon Technologies' ISP772TXT is a Peripheral Driver with built-in protections for transient, over current, and over voltage. It operates b/w -30 to 85 °C with a supply voltage range of 5-34 V. Ideal for applications requiring a small outline package style and sink output current flow direction.
ISP742RIFUMA1
ISP742RIFUMA1 by Infineon Technologies is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals, operating at -30 to 85 °C. It offers built-in protections for over current, over voltage, and thermal issues. This small outline package has a max supply voltage of 34 V and sink output current flow direction, suitable for buffer or inverter-based interface IC applications.
ISP762TXT
ISP762TXT by Infineon Technologies is a peripheral driver with 8 terminals, built-in transient protection, and a max supply voltage of 34V. It is used in applications requiring a small outline package style, such as buffer or inverter-based interface ICs for sink output current flow direction. Operating temperature ranges from -30 to 85°C.
ISP742RIXT
ISP742RIXT by Infineon Technologies is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals, offering built-in protections for over current, over voltage, and thermal issues. It operates b/w -30 to 85 °C with a supply voltage range of 5-34 V. Ideal for applications requiring buffer or inverter based peripheral drivers.
ISP752RXT
ISP742RI/SN
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER;
ISP752R
ISP742RI
ISP742RI by Infineon Technologies is a Peripheral Driver with 8 terminals and built-in protections for over current, over voltage, and thermal issues. It operates b/w -30 to 85°C with a supply voltage range of 5-34V. Ideal for applications requiring a small outline package style and CMOS technology.
ISP752T
ISP75N
ISP762T
ISP772T
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved