Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 4 A; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Qualification: Not Qualified;
Median Price
$0.358
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
53
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Adafruit Industries
1+ parts
$0.694
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
-
Newark
$1.780
$1.020
$0.793
$0.696
Farnell
$0.312
Rochester
$0.317
$0.263
$0.235
DigiKey
$0.400
Verical
$0.293
Digiode
$0.247
Nova Conductors
$0.690
TEDSS.com
$1.000
$0.220
DigiKey Marketplace
$0.830
Ace Electronics
$2.000
American Microsemiconductor Inc.
$3.770
Forefront Electronics and Design
$4.900
Chip Stock
Electronic Expediters
Vyrian
Tech-Mark Corp
Anansix
Mil-Aero Solutions, Inc.
DF Sales Co.
Microfarads
ECAB
Resion
Lakeview Electronics
Speed Components Ltd
PUI
Corel Iberica Componentes, S.L.
Halfin
First Choice Components Inc.
Extreme Components
ComSIT Distribution GmbH
Goldney Electronics S.L.
LittleDiode
R&J Components
LIBRA Elektronik GmbH
Holdelec - ElecDif-Pro
A2Z Electronics, Inc.
Electronics Depot
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Huijzer Components
Bristol Electronics
Manotoh
PAR Electronics
J & M Industries LLC
Semi Source
MISTER SPROCKETS
Sinequanon
Sunrise Surplus Inc.
GES GmbH
Q Components
Fibra_Brandt Electronic GMBH
Prism Electronics
Corphita
$0.234
Corohmni
$0.260
Component Stockers USA
$0.270
$0.250
$0.230
IDEA Electronic Components Group
$0.360
ChromeModa Solutions
$0.558
$0.458
Argo Parts USA
$0.680
$0.660
Advanced Electronics
DigiPath Technology Company
$0.753
MKK Technologies
Modulus Dynamics
$0.755
$0.747
$0.725
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$1.446
Microchip USA
$6.500
Metaverse IC Inc.
Kepictronics
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
TANS Electronics
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Kulean Microsystems
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Assy Fe
Parana Technologies
$0.478
Continental Prestige Electronics
$0.310
SupplyDigital Components
Supply Digital
Problanco Electronics
UHIMA Technologies
Montclair Electronics, Inc.
Perfect Parts
GreenTree Electronics
Netroflash
$0.676
$0.656
$0.642
Cyclops Electronics Ltd (Excess)
Glotronic Ltd.
Power Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) TIP111 attributes and parameters. Explore more Power Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) devices from Baneasa S A
Maximum Collector Current (IC):
Configuration:
Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE):
JEDEC-95 Code:
JESD-30 Code:
No. of Elements:
No. of Terminals:
Package Body Material:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Polarity or Channel Type:
Qualification:
Surface Mount:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
Transistor Element Material:
TIP111 Transistors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
NSN
5961-01-028-9801, 5961010289801, 5961-33-126-6565, 5961331266565
NIIN
010289801, 331266565
LM555CN
Rochester Electronics
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; No. of Functions: 1;
MBR1560CT
Yangzhou Yangjie Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 60 V; Technology: SCHOTTKY; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 150 A;
2N7002
Rectron
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Terminal Form: GULL WING;
M39029/58360
Souriau
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Tool Settings: M22520/2-09; Terminal Type: CRIMP; MIL Conformity: YES; Mating Contacts: M39029/56348;
SS14
Panjit International
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358MX
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BSS138-TP
Micro Commercial Components
BSS138-TP by Micro Commercial Components is a N-channel small signal FET with a min DS breakdown voltage of 50V and max drain current of 0.22A. It is commonly used in applications requiring enhancement mode operation, such as power management and switching circuits.
SMBJ18CA
Thinking Electronic Industrial
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LL4148
Excel (Suzhou) Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N2222A
Micropac Industries
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
Daco Semiconductor
Rfe International
New England Semiconductor
M24308/2-1F
Adi Electronics
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; MIL Conformity: YES; Filter Feature: NO; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE;
FDV303N
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Transistor Application: SWITCHING; JESD-609 Code: e3;
USB2514BI-AEZG
Microchip Technology
USB2514BI-AEZG by Microchip is a BUS CONTROLLER IC with 36 terminals, operating at 3.3V, supporting I2C, SMBUS, and USB buses. It has a clock frequency of up to 24MHz and can withstand industrial temperatures from -40°C to 85°C. This chip carrier package is surface mountable and suitable for various applications requiring USB connectivity.
ULN2803A
Onsemi
NPN; Configuration: 8 BANKS, DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .5 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Qualification: Not Qualified;
BSS84-7-F
SPC TECHNOLOGY/ MULTICOMP
P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Transistor Element Material: SILICON;
USB3320C-EZK-TR
Microchip Technology's USB3320C-EZK-TR is a Bus Controller IC with 32 terminals, operating at 1.6-2V. It supports USB bus compatibility, clock frequency up to 60MHz, and CMOS technology. Ideal for applications requiring Universal Serial Bus peripherals in compact designs with low power consumption.
BAV99
Microsemi
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N3055AG
2N3055AG by Onsemi is a NPN BJT transistor with 115W power dissipation, 60V max collector-emitter voltage, and 15A max collector current. Ideal for switching applications due to its single configuration and 0.8MHz transition frequency.
ULN2804APG
Toshiba
Toshiba's ULN2804APG is an 8-bank NPN Darlington transistor array with built-in diode and resistor, ideal for switching applications. Featuring a min DC current gain of 1000x, it can handle up to 0.5A collector current at 50V collector-emitter voltage. This through-hole package with 18 terminals is made of silicon material in a rectangular shape.
MJ15016G
New Jersey Semiconductor Products
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 18 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Transistor Element Material: SILICON; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 120 V;
TIP42C
Baneasa S A
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 6 A; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-220AB; Qualification: Not Qualified;
BD140-16
Central Semiconductor
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 160 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 12.5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 1.5 A;
BD140
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 50 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 1 A; Terminal Position: SINGLE;
TIP32C
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 3 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 40 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 3 A;
MJE3055T
Taitron Components
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 2 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 10 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MJD127T4
Motorola
PNP; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 4 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 8 A; Maximum VCEsat: 4 V;
BUV48A
Power Innovations
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 10 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Case Connection: COLLECTOR;
TIP142
Mospec Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 125 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 10 A; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
2SC5200
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 30 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 15 A; Case Connection: COLLECTOR;
MJD127G
MJD127G by Onsemi is a PNP power BJT with Darlington configuration, built-in diode and resistor. It has a max collector-emitter voltage of 100V, max collector current of 8A, and min DC current gain of 100. Ideal for switching applications in small outline packages, it operates up to 150°C with a transition frequency of 4MHz.
TIP41C
Continental Device India
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 3 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 65 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 6 A;
TIP127
Transys Electronics
PNP; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 2 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 5 A; Package Style (Meter): FLANGE MOUNT;
Bourns
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 65 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 6 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BD243C
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 6 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Transistor Element Material: SILICON;
ULN2804A
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's ULN2804A is an 8-bank Darlington transistor array with built-in diode and resistor, ideal for switching applications. Featuring a max collector-emitter voltage of 50V and a max collector current of 0.5A, this NPN transistor in a rectangular package with through-hole terminals offers reliable performance.
TIP142T
TIP142T by Onsemi is a NPN Darlington BJT with 80W power dissipation, hFE of 1000, and IC of 10A. Ideal for high-power applications in industries like automotive, industrial automation, and power management due to its high current gain and temperature tolerance up to 150°C.
SBCP53-16T1G
SBCP53-16T1G by Onsemi is a PNP BJT transistor with 80V VCE, 1.5A IC, and 50MHz fT. Ideal for amplifier applications, it comes in a small outline package with Gull Wing terminals for surface mounting. With a max power dissipation of 1.5W and operating temp up to 150°C, it offers high performance in compact designs.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
TIP112
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 4 A; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 2 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; JESD-30 Code: R-PSFM-T3;
Semiconductors
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-220AB;
Texas Instruments
TIP112 by Texas Instruments is a NPN Darlington transistor with 100V max collector-emitter voltage, 50W power dissipation, and hFE of 500. Ideal for power applications in electronics due to its high current gain and low collector-emitter saturation voltage. Package style is flange mount with through-hole terminals for easy installation.
Crimson Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 2 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
Ge Industrial Solutions
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 4 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 100 V;
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 25 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A;
STMicroelectronics
Changzhou Galaxy Century Microelectronics
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Terminal Position: SINGLE;
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 100 V; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 500; No. of Elements: 1;
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Terminal Position: SINGLE;
Inchange Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Transistor Element Material: SILICON;
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 25 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A;
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Maximum Power Dissipation Ambient: 2 W;
Kec
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage: 100 V;
Samsung
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 2 A; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
General Transistor
NPN; Configuration: DARLINGTON; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 50 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): 4 A; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 500;
Diotec Semiconductor Ag
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved