Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Add filters
All
Selected
SN74ALS241CN
Texas Instruments
SN74ALS241CN by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 4 bits, 2 functions, and 3-STATE output. It has a propagation delay of 11 ns at 5V supply voltage, making it ideal for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments. The package style is IN-LINE with through-hole terminals and a max seated height of 5.08 mm.
OUTPUT ENABLE ACTIVE HIGH FOR ONE FUNCTION
ENABLE LOW/HIGH
ALS
R-PDIP-T20
e4
24.325 mm
50 pF
BUS DRIVER
24 Amp
4
2
20
70 Cel
0 Cel
3-STATE
TRUE
PLASTIC/EPOXY
DIP
DIP20,.3
RECTANGULAR
IN-LINE
TUBE
NOT SPECIFIED
5
26 mA
11 ns
Not Qualified
5.08 mm
Bus Driver/Transceivers
5.5 V
4.5 V
NO
TTL
COMMERCIAL
Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)
THROUGH-HOLE
2.54 mm
DUAL
7.62 mm
SN74CBT3245DBLE
SN74CBT3245DBLE by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a supply voltage of 5V, 0.25ns propagation delay, and 3-STATE output characteristics. It is used in industrial applications for data transmission with a temperature range of -40 to 85°C.
TTL COMPATIBLE BUS SWITCH
CBT/FST/QS/5C/B
R-PDSO-G20
7.2 mm
8
1
85 Cel
-40 Cel
SSOP
SSOP20,.3
SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH
.25 ns
2 mm
4 V
YES
CMOS
INDUSTRIAL
GULL WING
.65 mm
5.3 mm
SN74CBT3245DWR
SN74CBT3245DWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a supply voltage of 5V, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C, and propagation delay of 0.25ns. It features a small outline package shape for industrial applications requiring true output polarity and 3-STATE output characteristics.
12.8 mm
SOP
SOP20,.4
SMALL OUTLINE
2.65 mm
1.27 mm
7.5 mm
SN54ALS245AJ
SN54ALS245AJ by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 10ns propagation delay, operating at a voltage of 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and is ideal for bidirectional applications in military-grade environments. With a max power supply current of 60mA, it offers reliable performance in various TTL technology-based systems.
WITH DIRECTION CONTROL,84030012A,8403001RA,8403001SA IS DELETED FOR SUBGROUP FIX
COMMON CONTROL
BIDIRECTIONAL
R-GDIP-T20
e0
24.195 mm
BUS TRANSCEIVER
12 Amp
125 Cel
-55 Cel
CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED
60 mA
19 ns
MILITARY
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)
N/A
SN54AS245J
SN54AS245J by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 9.5 ns at 5V, suitable for bidirectional applications. It features a max operating temperature of 125°C and output characteristics in a MILITARY-grade TTL technology package. With common control and 3-STATE output polarity, it offers efficient signal transmission in various electronic systems.
AS
48 Amp
143 mA
9.5 ns
SN74AS245DWR
SN74AS245DWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 7.5 ns at 5V, suitable for bidirectional applications. It features a small outline package, operates b/w 0-70°C, and has a max power supply current of 143mA. Ideal for systems requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments.
64 Amp
TR
7.5 ns
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD
SN74AS245DW
SN74AS245DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Commonly used for bidirectional data transfer in commercial-grade applications.
260
30
SN74ALS638AN
SN74ALS638AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 30ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Commonly used in bidirectional control applications due to its inverted output polarity and common control feature.
WITH DIRECTION CONTROL
25.4 mm
INVERTED
41 mA
30 ns
SN74ALS639ADWR
SN74ALS639ADWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 30ns at 5V. It features a small outline package, operates b/w 0-70°C, and has a max power supply current of 50mA. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring true output polarity in commercial temperature grades.
50 mA
SN74ALS640BN
SN74ALS640BN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 11ns propagation delay at 5V. It features 3-STATE output, INVERTED polarity, and bidirectional count direction. Ideal for applications requiring common control of two ports in commercial temperature grade environments.
55 mA
10 ns
Bus Driver/Transceiver
SN54AS645J
SN54AS645J by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10 ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in temperatures ranging from -55 to 125°C. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring common control, this TTL technology device comes in a ceramic package measuring 24.195mm x 7.62mm x 5.08mm.
211 mA
10.5 ns
TIN LEAD
SN74ALS645AN
SN74ALS645AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10 ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Commonly used in bidirectional control applications due to its true output polarity and dual terminal position.
58 mA
SN74ALS540N
SN74ALS540N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 12ns at 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Ideal for applications requiring TTL technology, such as data transmission in commercial-grade environments.
WITH DUAL OUTPUT ENABLE
ENABLE LOW
UNIDIRECTIONAL
25 mA
12 ns
SN74ALS620AN
SN74ALS620AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 10ns propagation delay at 5V. It features 3-STATE output, INVERTED polarity, and operates in a temperature range of 0-70°C. Ideal for bidirectional data transmission in commercial-grade applications.
WITH INDEPENDENT OUTPUT ENABLE FOR EACH DIRECTION
INDEPENDENT CONTROL
47 mA
SN74ALS623AN
SN74ALS623AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 13ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Ideal for bidirectional data transmission in commercial-grade applications.
13 ns
SN74AS623N
SN74AS623N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 9ns at 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring independent control, this TTL technology device has a max power supply current of 189mA.
189 mA
9 ns
SN74ALS621ADWR
SN74ALS621ADWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 33ns at 5V. It features open-collector output and operates in a temperature range of 0-70°C. Ideal for bidirectional control applications, this TTL technology device has a small outline package with gull wing terminals.
OPEN-COLLECTOR
48 mA
33 ns
SN74AS240ADWR
SN74AS240ADWR by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 4 bits, 6.5 ns propagation delay, and 3-STATE output characteristics. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and has a load capacitance of 50 pF. This small outline package is ideal for unidirectional control applications requiring fast signal transmission.
75 mA
6.5 ns
SN74AS240ADW
SN74AS240ADW by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 6.5 ns propagation delay, 4-bit capacity, and 3-STATE output characteristics. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and is suitable for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments.
SN74ALS244CDW
SN74ALS244CDW by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 4 bits, 10 ns propagation delay, and 3-STATE output. It operates at a supply voltage of 5V and has a load capacitance of 50 pF. Ideal for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments.
24 mA
SN74AS244AN
SN74AS244AN by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 4 bits, 6.2 ns propagation delay, and 3-STATE output characteristics. It has a max operating temperature of 70°C and is used for unidirectional count direction applications in commercial-grade systems requiring low enable control.
90 mA
6.2 ns
SN74AS373DW
SN74AS373DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 6 ns at 5V. It features a small outline package, 3-STATE output characteristics, and operates in commercial temperature grade applications. With a max supply voltage of 5.5V and peak reflow temperature of 260°C, it is ideal for unidirectional control with low enable.
11.5 ns
FF/Latches
SN74AS533AN
SN74AS533AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 7.5 ns at 5V, featuring 3-STATE output characteristics. It operates within a temperature range of 0 to 70°C and has a max power supply current of 100 mA. Ideal for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial-grade environments.
100 mA
SN74ALS534AN
SN74ALS534AN by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 16ns propagation delay at 5V. It features 3-STATE output and operates b/w 0 to 70°C. Ideal for applications requiring independent control of two ports with a max frequency of 35MHz.
35000000 Hz
31 mA
16 ns
POSITIVE EDGE
SN74AS756N
SN74AS756N by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 4 bits, 2 functions, and open-collector output. It has a propagation delay of 6 ns at 5V supply voltage, making it ideal for unidirectional control applications requiring low enable input. The package style is in-line with through-hole terminals and operates within a temperature range of 0-70°C.
80 mA
6 ns
SN74ALS760DWR
SN74ALS760DWR by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 2 functions, 4 bits, and open-collector output. It operates at a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 5.5V, has a propagation delay of 15ns, and can handle up to 24A max I (ol). This small outline package is ideal for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments.
19 mA
15 ns
SN74ALS760DW
SN74ALS760DW by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 15ns propagation delay, 4-bit capacity, and open-collector output. It operates at 5V with dual terminals in a small outline package. Ideal for unidirectional control applications requiring low enable voltage.
SN74AS760N
SN74AS760N by Texas Instruments is a TTL technology bus driver with 2 functions, 4 bits, and open-collector output. It operates at a supply voltage of 5V with a propagation delay of 18.5ns, making it ideal for unidirectional control applications in commercial-grade systems.
94 mA
18.5 ns
SN74ABT241DWR
SN74ABT241DWR by Texas Instruments is a 20-terminal bus driver with 4.6 ns propagation delay, suitable for industrial applications. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and has a max power supply current of 30mA. This small outline package features true output polarity and enables low/high control type.
ABT
30 mA
4.6 ns
BICMOS
SN74ABT541N
SN74ABT541N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 4.6 ns at 5V, suitable for industrial applications. It features a max I (ol) of 64A, operates b/w -40 to 85°C, and has a package style of IN-LINE.
SN74LVT245DW
SN74LVT245DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 4.6 ns at 3.3V, suitable for bidirectional applications. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85°C). With a small outline package style and gull wing terminal form, it is ideal for surface mount designs requiring fast signal transmission.
LVT
3.3
12 mA
3.6 V
2.7 V
SN74ALS241C-1DWR
SN74ALS241C-1DWR by Texas Instruments is a 4-bit bus driver with 3-STATE output characteristics. It operates at a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 5.5V and has a propagation delay of 10ns. This small outline package is ideal for applications requiring fast signal transmission in commercial temperature environments.
SN74ALS245A-1DWR
SN74ALS245A-1DWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10ns at 5V. It features a small outline package, operates b/w 0 to 70°C, and has dual terminal positions. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring true output polarity and common control.
SN74ALS640B-1DWR
SN74ALS640B-1DWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 11ns at 5V. It features a small outline package, operates b/w 0 to 70°C, and has a max supply voltage of 5.25V. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring inverted output polarity in commercial temperature grades.
5.25 V
4.75 V
SN74ALS640B-1DW
SN74ALS640B-1DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 11ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates b/w 0 to 70°C, making it ideal for bidirectional control applications in commercial-grade environments. The package is small outline with surface mount capability, suitable for designs requiring compact dimensions and fast signal transmission.
SN74ALS642A-1N
SN74ALS642A-1N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 30ns at 5V. It features open-collector output, bidirectional count direction, and common control. Ideal for applications requiring TTL technology in commercial temperature grades.
28 mA
22 ns
SN74ALS642A-1DWR
SN74ALS642A-1DWR by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 30ns at 5V. It features open-collector output, operates b/w 0-70°C, and has a max supply voltage of 5.5V. Ideal for bidirectional control applications requiring fast signal transmission in compact designs.
SN74ALS642A-1DW
SN74ALS642A-1DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 22ns and open-collector output. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V, suitable for bidirectional control applications in commercial-grade environments. This small outline package has dual terminals, surface mount capability, and a max seated height of 2.65mm.
SN74ALS641A-1DW
SN74ALS641A-1DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 25ns at 5V. It features open-collector output, operates b/w 0-70°C, and has a max power supply current of 47mA. Ideal for bidirectional control applications in commercial-grade environments.
18 ns
SN74ALS645A-1N
SN74ALS645A-1N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Ideal for bidirectional data transmission applications requiring common control, it has a max power supply current of 58mA.
SN74ALS645A-1DW
SN74ALS645A-1DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 10ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in temperatures ranging from 0 to 70°C. Ideal for bidirectional control applications, this TTL technology transceiver has a max supply voltage of 5.5V and a power supply current of up to 58mA.
SN74ALS541-1N
SN74ALS541-1N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 14ns at 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and operates in a temperature range of 0 to 70°C. Ideal for applications requiring true output polarity control, such as data transmission systems.
14 ns
SN74HC573ADW
SN74HC573ADW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 44ns at 5V. It features a max I (ol) of 7.8A, operates in industrial temperatures (-40 to 85°C), and has a terminal pitch of 1.27mm. Ideal for applications requiring fast data transmission and low power consumption in compact designs.
BROADSIDE VERSION OF 373
HC/UH
150 pF
7.8 Amp
2/6
.08 mA
285 ns
6 V
2 V
SN74HC563N
SN74HC563N by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 44ns at 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics, operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85°C), and has a max power supply current of 0.08mA. Ideal for applications requiring efficient signal transmission in electronic systems.
BROADSIDE VERSION OF 533
335 ns
SN74HC563DW
SN74HC563DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 44ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85°C). Ideal for applications requiring fast data transmission in compact designs.
HC
SN74AHCT245DW
SN74AHCT245DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with a propagation delay of 11ns at 5V. It features a 3-STATE output and operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C. Commonly used in automotive applications due to its small outline package and bidirectional control.
AHCT/VHCT/VT
8 Amp
.04 mA
AUTOMOTIVE
SN74HC245DW
SN74HC245DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 22ns propagation delay, operating at a supply voltage of 6V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and is ideal for bidirectional control applications in industrial settings. The package style is small outline, with surface mount capability and dual terminal position.
DIRECTION CONTROL
170 ns
6
SN74HC645DW
SN74HC645DW by Texas Instruments is an 8-bit bus driver with 22ns propagation delay, operating at a supply voltage of 5V. It features 3-STATE output characteristics and is ideal for bidirectional control applications in industrial settings due to its CMOS technology and dual terminal position.
© 2023 All rights reserved