Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
52465-1271 by Molex is a 2-row, 12-contact board connector with 0.031" pitch. It features POLYAMIDE insulation, 500VAC dielectric voltage, and -20 to 105°C operating range. Ideal for commercial applications requiring durable, polarized connectors with surface mount termination.
Median Price
$0.925
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
16
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Mouser Electronics
1+ parts
$1.600
100+ parts
$1.160
1k+ parts
$1.030
10k+ parts
$0.951
DigiKey
$1.660
$1.168
-
Newark
$1.230
$1.150
Farnell
$0.690
$0.665
Element14
$0.980
$0.931
Chip1Stop
$0.791
$0.754
Verical
$0.320
Powell Electronics
$0.870
Nova Conductors
$0.912
Digiode
$1.226
Rapid Electronics
$700.267
VNN
Vyrian
Lantek
IBS Electronics
$0.435
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Argo Parts USA
Netroflash
$0.894
Corphita
$1.161
Andel Nordic
$2.744
$2.634
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$7.309
Continental Prestige Electronics
$0.677
$0.663
Perfect Parts
Kepictronics
GreenTree Electronics
Assy Fe
The close proximity of the mating contacts allows for a high density of connections, making this product ideal for applications where space is limited.
High insulation resistance ensures minimal leakage current and helps in preventing short circuits, ensuring the reliability of the connections.
The high dielectric strength of 500VAC ensures that the connector can withstand high voltage levels without breakdown, making it suitable for various electrical applications.
The high maximum operating temperature of 105°C ensures that the connector can withstand elevated temperatures, making it suitable for use in demanding environmental conditions.
The thick plating thickness of 40u provides good corrosion resistance and enhances the overall durability of the connector, ensuring long-term reliability.
Headers & Edge Type Connectors 52465-1271 attributes and parameters. Explore more Headers & Edge Type Connectors devices from Molex
Additional Features:
Body Width:
Body Depth:
Body Length:
Body or Shell Style:
Connector Type:
Mating Contact Finish:
Termination Contact Finish:
Contact Gender:
Contact Material:
Contact Pattern:
Contact Resistance:
Contact Style:
DIN Conformance:
Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V):
Durability:
Filter Feature:
IEC Conformity:
Insulation Resistance:
Insulator Color:
Insulator Material:
MIL Conformity:
Mating Contact Pitch (inch):
Mating Info.:
Mixed Contacts:
Mounting Option-1:
Mounting Style:
Mounting Type:
No. of Connectors:
No. of PCB Rows:
No. of Rows Loaded:
Maximum Operating Temperature (Cel):
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Option:
PCB Contact Pattern:
PCB Contact Row Spacing (mm):
Plating Thickness (inch):
Polarization Key:
Rated Current - Signal:
Reference Standard:
Reliability:
Sub-Category:
Terminal Pitch (mm):
Termination Type:
Total No. of Contacts:
UL Flammability Code:
52465-1271 Connectors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8536.69.40.40
SB
PCN Assembly/Origin - 52465 Series Location 13/Jun/2023
Molex LLC is a manufacturer of electronic, electrical, and fiber optic connectivity systems. Molex offers over 100,000 products across a variety of industries, including data communications, medical, industrial, automotive and consumer electronics. They are notable for pioneering the Molex connector, which has seen universal adoption in personal computing. The company is considered the second largest electronic connector company in the world. Molex was established in 1938 by Frederick Krehbiel. The company began by making flowerpots out of an industrial byproduct plastic called Molex. Krehbiel developed this material by combining asbestos tailings, coal tar pitch, and limestone. Aside from flower pots, Molex also sold salt shakers before it expanded into electrical connectors and sensors.Later they made connectors for General Electric and other appliance manufacturers out of the same plastic. Molex acquired Woodhead Industries in 2006; the largest acquisition in the former's history at the time.
2N7002
Supertex
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss): 5 pF;
1N4148WS
Sangdest Microelectronics (Nanjing)
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CRG0805F10R
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's CRG0805F10R is a 10 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0.125 W power dissipation. It features thick film technology, SMT package style, and matte tin over nickel terminal finish. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics, offering a temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C and operating voltage of 150 V.
SS14
Pro-an Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MMSZ5245BT1G
Onsemi
MMSZ5245BT1G by Onsemi is a Zener diode with 15V nominal reference voltage, 8.5mA test current, and 16 ohm dynamic impedance. It is used in applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact SMD package for temperatures ranging from -55 to 150°C.
1N4148
Baneasa S A
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
EU2B-YS3203F
Idec
ROTARY SWITCH;
CR0805-FX-10R0ELF
Bourns
Bourns CR0805-FX-10R0ELF is a SMT fixed resistor with 10 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. Ideal for applications requiring a temperature range of -55 to 155 °C, such as automotive electronics and industrial control systems.
NDT2955
National Semiconductor
P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 3 W; JESD-609 Code: e0; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
1N4148WT
Continental Device India
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SMBJ18CA
Fagor Electronica S Coop
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N2222A
Boca Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
Zetex Plc
LM317T
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-30 Code: R-PSFM-T3; Adjustability: ADJUSTABLE; Package Equivalence Code: SIP3,.1TB;
Lite-on Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Qualification: Not Qualified; Additional Features: LOW THRESHOLD; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V;
BAV99
Promax-johnton
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NE555D
Texas Instruments
NE555D by Texas Instruments is an 8-terminal IC with a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 16V, suitable for analog waveform generation applications. It operates at temperatures from 0°C to 70°C and has a max supply current of 15mA. The package style is small outline, making it ideal for compact electronic designs.
1554216002
Molex
WIRE AND CABLE;
Won-top Electronics
Protek Devices
22-01-3067
The Molex 22-01-3067 is a board connector with a mating contact pitch of 0.1 inch and a body length of 0.622 inch. It has an insulation resistance of 1000000000 ohm and can withstand a dielectric voltage of 700VAC. This connector is commonly used in commercial applications due to its durability, removable contact block design, and polarization key feature.
2-1761608-3
TE Connectivity 2-1761608-3 is a board connector with 10 contacts, dual polarization, and solder termination. It has a mating contact pitch of 0.1 inch and operates b/w -65 to 105 °C. Ideal for commercial applications requiring a reliable male plug with straight mounting and blue insulator color.
20021121-00010C4LF
Amphenol Communications Solutions
Amphenol Communications Solutions' 20021121-00010C4LF is a board connector with a mating contact pitch of 0.05 inch and insulation resistance of 100MΩ. It is commonly used in commercial applications, offering durability with 100 cycles and a max operating temperature of 105°C.
B3B-PH-K-S(LF)(SN)
J S T Mfg
B3B-PH-K-S(LF)(SN) by J S T Mfg is a BOARD CONNECTOR with 0.079" pitch, 2A signal current rating, and 800VAC dielectric voltage. It has POLYAMIDE66 insulator, operates b/w -25 to 85 °C, and features TIN contact finish. Ideal for applications requiring reliable board-to-board connections in electronic devices.
FTSH-110-01-L-DV-K-A-P
Samtec
Samtec's FTSH-110-01-L-DV-K-A-P is a 2-row, 20-contact board connector with a contact pitch of 1.27mm. It features gold mating contacts over nickel, suitable for commercial applications with an operating temperature range from -55 to 125°C. The connector has a straight mounting style and uses liquid crystal polymer insulator material.
VHR-4N-M
BOARD CONNECTOR;
DTM06-2S
TE Connectivity's DTM06-2S is a 2-contact board connector with 0.157" pitch, rated for 7.5A signal current at 250V. Its glass-filled polyamide insulator and UL94V-0 flammability rating make it ideal for cable mounting applications requiring a polarized housing and wire termination.
8-5353189-0
TE Connectivity 8-5353189-0 is a board stacking connector with 140 contacts, 2 rows, and 0.024" mating pitch. Ideal for commercial applications, it features a 200VAC dielectric voltage rating and polyethylene insulation material. Operating b/w -40°C to 85°C, this female connector offers durability with a 50-cycle lifespan.
MM70-314B1-2-R300
Japan Aviation Electronics Industry
MM70-314B1-2-R300 by Japan Aviation Electronics features a mating contact pitch of 0.02", insulator made of glass-filled liquid crystal polymer, and total 314 contacts. It is a card edge connector with UL flammability code 94V-0, suitable for board mounting applications requiring right angle mounting style and surface mount termination type.
1658621-1
Tyco Electronics Amp
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; UL Flammability Code: 94V-0; Mating Contact Finish: GOLD (15) OVER NICKEL (50)/GOLD FLASH (15) OVER PALLADIUM NICKEL (15); Filter Feature: NO;
S2B-ZR-SM4A-TF(LF)(SN)
S2B-ZR-SM4A-TF(LF)(SN) by J S T Mfg is a BOARD CONNECTOR with 0.059" pitch, 500VAC Dielectric Withstanding Voltage, and -25 to 85 °C operating range. Ideal for applications requiring POLARIZED HOUSING, RECTANGULAR PCB Contact Pattern, and SURFACE MOUNT Termination Type.
22-01-3057
Molex 22-01-3057 is a board connector with 0.1" pitch, suitable for commercial applications. Features include 5 contacts, 4A signal current rating, and -40 to 105°C operating temperature range. Ideal for cable mounting with crimp termination, this female connector offers high durability and polarization key for secure connections.
22-11-2042
Molex 22-11-2042 is a board connector with 0.1" pitch, suitable for headers & edge type connectors. Featuring brass contacts, matte tin finish, and polyamide insulator material, it offers high durability with 50 cycles. With a rated current of 4A and operating temperature range from 0 to 75°C, it meets UL and CSA standards for commercial applications.
DF40C-100DS-0.4V(57)
Hirose Electric
DF40C-100DS-0.4V(57) by Hirose Electric is a 2-row, 100-contact board stacking connector with liquid crystal polymer insulator. Featuring 0.016" mating contact pitch and 100VAC dielectric voltage, it operates b/w -35°C to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring high durability and signal current of 0.3A, such as PCB connections in electronics industry.
61300311121
Wuerth Elektronik & Kg
61300311121 by Wurth Elektronik is a board connector with 0.1" mating contact pitch, 3A signal current rating, and gold over nickel termination finish. It is used in commercial applications, featuring a temperature range of -40 to 125°C and UL reference standard compliance.
76384-303LF
Amphenol 76384-303LF is a board connector with 0.1" pitch, suitable for commercial applications. Features include 3A signal current, -40 to 125°C operating range, and UL94V-0 flammability rating. Ideal for PCB mounting with solder termination and polarized housing design.
DT06-6S-EP06
TE Connectivity's DT06-6S-EP06 is a 2-row board connector with GLASS FILLED POLYAMIDE insulator. Rated for 250V and 13A, it operates b/w -55 to 125 °C. Ideal for cable mounting applications, this polarized connector has a total of 6 contacts and UL certification.
B2P-VH-FB-B(LF)(SN)
B2P-VH-FB-B(LF)(SN) by J S T Mfg is a 1-row, straight board connector with a contact pitch of 0.156 inches. It has a body length of 0.386 inch and width of 0.382 inch. This connector is commonly used in applications requiring male contacts and solder termination.
PAP-06V-S
PAP-06V-S by J S T Mfg is a 6-contact BOARD CONNECTOR with 94V-0 UL Flammability Code. It has FEMALE contacts, CRIMP termination, and comes WITH CABLE ASSEMBLY for CABLE mounting applications.
65823-220LF
Amphenol's 65823-220LF is a 20-contact board connector with nickel palladium gold finish. Featuring 2 rows, it has a terminal pitch of 2.54mm and UL94V-0 flammability rating. Ideal for applications requiring right-angle mounting in headers & edge type connectors.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
52465-1071
52465-1071 by Molex is a 2-row BOARD CONNECTOR with 0.031" pitch, 10 contacts, and 0.5A signal rating. It features LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER insulator, TIN finish, and 500VAC dielectric voltage. Ideal for commercial applications requiring STRAIGHT mounting and SURFACE MOUNT termination.
52465-4070
52465-4070 by Molex is a 40-contact board connector with 0.031" pitch, 700VAC dielectric voltage, and -20 to 105°C operating range. Ideal for PCB applications requiring high insulation resistance, TIN over nickel finish, and POLYAMIDE insulator material. Suitable for commercial use in electronics with 30 durability cycles.
524639-E
BOARD STACKING CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Reference Standard: UL; No. of Rows Loaded: 2; Insulation Resistance: 100000000 ohm;
52465-2070
BOARD CONNECTOR; Termination Contact Finish: NOT APPLICABLE; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED;
52465-4071
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 500VAC; No. of Connectors: ONE;
52465-3070
BOARD CONNECTOR; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 700VAC; No. of Connectors: ONE; Contact Style: BELLOWED TYPE;
52465-3071
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 700VDC; No. of Connectors: ONE;
52465-3671
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 700VAC; No. of Connectors: ONE;
52465-2071
52465-1070
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Mounting Style: STRAIGHT; Termination Type: SURFACE MOUNT; DIN Conformance: NO;
52465-1091
52465-1291
52465-1491
52465-1891
52465-1029
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; No. of Connectors: ONE; DIN Conformance: NO;
52465-1229
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; No. of Connectors: ONE; UL Flammability Code: 94V-0;
52465-1429
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; No. of Connectors: ONE; Mixed Contacts: NO;
52465-1629
BOARD CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; No. of Connectors: ONE; Mounting Style: STRAIGHT;
52465-1671
52465-1871
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved