Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Sumitomo Electric Industries' EMM5077VU is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 21 dB gain and 26 dBm CW input power. Operating from -40 to 85 °C, it covers frequencies from 3400 to 5000 MHz. Ideal for RF applications requiring high performance in a compact form factor.
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
2
In-Stock Inventory
< 1k
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Nova Conductors
AZTECH Wire
$15.710
Argo Parts USA
Continental Prestige Electronics
Bastille Electronics
The high maximum input power allows for reliable operation at high power levels without compromising performance.
The use of high-quality components in the construction ensures durability and long-term reliability of the amplifier.
The wide operating temperature range allows for versatile use in various environments without risk of overheating.
The ability to operate at low temperatures makes this amplifier suitable for use in extreme cold conditions.
The wide band and medium power capabilities make this amplifier suitable for a variety of RF and microwave applications.
The standard 50 ohm impedance ensures compatibility with most RF systems and components.
The high gain value amplifies the input signal effectively, resulting in a stronger output signal for better performance.
The ability to operate at lower frequencies makes this amplifier versatile for use in a range of RF applications.
The high maximum operating frequency allows for use in high-frequency applications without signal loss or degradation.
RF & Microwave Amplifiers EMM5077VU attributes and parameters. Explore more RF & Microwave Amplifiers devices from Sumitomo Electric Industries
Additional Features:
Characteristic Impedance:
Construction:
Gain:
Maximum Input Power (CW):
Maximum Operating Frequency:
Minimum Operating Frequency:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
RF or Microwave Device Type:
Founded 1897 in Osaka, Japan, Sumitomo Electric has extensive business operations in five industries: Automotive, Infocommunications, Electronics, Energy and Environment, Industrial Materials.
SS14
Changzhou Galaxy Century Microelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 40 A; Technology: SCHOTTKY; No. of Elements: 1;
LM358M
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NDT2955
P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 3 W; JESD-609 Code: e0; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
2N2222A
Allegro MicroSystems
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
LAN8720AI-CP-TR
Standard Microsystems
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
1N4148
Rugao Dachang Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
MBRS140T3G
Onsemi
MBRS140T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.6V and max output current of 1A. It operates b/w -65°C to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring high-speed switching and low power loss in a small outline package style. The diode's matte tin terminal finish and dual position terminals enhance its performance in surface mount configurations.
BAV99-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. BAV99-7-F is a series-connected, center tap diode with 2 elements in a small outline package. It has a max reverse recovery time of 0.004 us and can handle up to 0.3A output current. Ideal for rectification applications requiring fast switching and low reverse current requirements.
NDT2955 by Onsemi is a P-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, ideal for SWITCHING applications. It features a max IDM of 15A and EAS of 174mJ, suitable for ENHANCEMENT MODE operation. With a compact SMALL OUTLINE package and -55 to 150 °C operating range, it offers efficient power dissipation up to 3W.
Taiwan Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LL4148
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
BAV99
Vishay Sprague
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
KSZ9031RNXIA
Microchip Technology
KSZ9031RNXIA by Microchip is a 48-terminal Ethernet transceiver with data rate of 1000 Mbps. Operating temperature range from -40 to 85°C makes it suitable for industrial applications. This square-shaped chip carrier has a very thin profile and matte tin finish, ideal for network interfaces.
BSS138
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Qualification: Not Qualified;
ULN2803A
STMicroelectronics
NPN; Configuration: 8 BANKS, DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .5 A; No. of Elements: 8; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 1000;
American Power Devices
Digitron Semiconductors
NE555D
NXP Semiconductors
SQUARE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LM555CN
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
TQP3M9035
Triquint Semiconductor
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Input Power (CW): 23 dBm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Minimum Operating Frequency: 50 MHz;
MHT2012NT1
The NXP Semiconductors MHT2012NT1 is a RF amplifier with 29.7 dB gain, operating b/w 2400-2500 MHz. It has a max input power of 20 dBm and VSWR of 10, suitable for narrowband high-power applications in the RF & Microwave field. The component is constructed with plastic/epoxy material and features surface mounting for ease of installation.
HMC1087
Hittite Microwave
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 4; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Minimum Operating Frequency: 2000 MHz; Maximum Input Power (CW): 34 dBm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 20000 MHz;
MGA-82563-BLKG
Agilent Technologies
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: GAAS; Maximum Input Power (CW): 13 dBm;
HMC907APM5ETR
Analog Devices
HMC907APM5ETR by Analog Devices is a RF & Microwave Amplifier with 25 dBm CW input power, 7 VSWR, and 12 dB gain. Ideal for wide band medium power applications, it operates from -40 to 85°C with a frequency range of 200 MHz to 22 GHz.
MAX2691EWS+T
Maxim Integrated
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: BICMOS; No. of Functions: 1;
HMC636ST89E
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: GAAS; Power Supplies (V): 5;
TGA2975-SM
RF/Microwave Amplifiers; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: GAN; No. of Functions: 1;
BGA231N7E6330XTSA1
Infineon Technologies
Infineon's BGA231N7E6330XTSA1 is a RF amplifier with 16dB gain, operating from 1550-1615MHz. It has a max input power of 0dBm and operates in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85°C. Ideal for narrowband low-power applications requiring a component construction.
HMC565LC5
Analog Devices' HMC565LC5 is a wide band low power RF amplifier with 16 dB gain and 50 ohm impedance. Operating from 6-20 GHz, it handles up to 10 dBm CW input power. Ideal for applications requiring high frequency amplification in compact designs.
HMC636ST89TR
Analog Devices' HMC636ST89TR is a GaAs RF amplifier with 5V power supply, operating from -40 to 85°C. It features wideband low power design in a surface-mount package, ideal for RF and microwave applications requiring high performance in compact setups.
HMC287MS8ETR
Analog Devices' HMC287MS8ETR is a GaAs RF amplifier with 3V supply, 15mA max current, and -40 to 85°C operating range. Ideal for narrowband low-power applications, it features a surface-mount package suitable for RF and microwave circuits.
HMC960LP4ETR
WIDE BAND HIGH POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; No. of Functions: 1; Additional Features: LOW NOISE;
AG302-86G
Qorvo
The Qorvo AG302-86G is a GAAS technology RF amplifier with 13.3 dB gain, operating from 0 to 6000 MHz. It has a max input power of 10 dBm and operates on a 5V power supply. Ideal for wideband low-power applications, it features surface mounting and a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
HMC903LP3E
Analog Devices' HMC903LP3E is a GAAS RF amplifier with 17.5 dB gain, operating from 6-17 GHz. It has a max input power of 10 dBm and draws 110 mA at 3.5 V. Ideal for wideband low-power applications, this component offers high performance in plastic/epoxy packaging for surface mount assembly.
MSA-1105
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Technology: BIPOLAR; Package Equivalence Code: SL,4GW-LD,.145CIR;
GALI-21+
Mini-circuits
GALI-21+ by Mini-circuits is a wideband low power RF amplifier with 11.5 dB gain, suitable for frequencies from 0 to 8000 MHz. It has a max input power of 15 dBm and VSWR of 2.5, making it ideal for RF and microwave applications requiring compact surface-mount components.
MSA-0686-BLK
Hewlett Packard
WIDE BAND LOW POWER; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Gain: 16.5 dB; Construction: COMPONENT; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 800 MHz;
ZX60-2411BM-S
ZX60-2411BM-S by Mini-circuits is a COAXIAL RF amplifier with 9 dB Gain, 50 ohm Impedance, and 1.65 VSWR. Ideal for NARROW BAND LOW POWER applications in the frequency range of 1900-2400 MHz.
HMC994A
Analog Devices' HMC994A is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 12.5 dB gain, handling up to 25 dBm CW input power. With a VSWR of 7, it operates from -55°C to 85°C, making it ideal for various RF and microwave applications up to 30 GHz.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
EMM5077VU
Eudyna Devices
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Minimum Operating Frequency: 3400 MHz; Construction: COMPONENT; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
EMM5075VUT
Sumitomo Electric Industries
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Operating Frequency: 15400 MHz; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
EMM5068VU
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Gain: 20 dB; Construction: COMPONENT; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
EMM5075VU
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 15400 MHz; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm; Gain: 20 dB; Minimum Operating Frequency: 12700 MHz;
EMM5075X
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Gain: 22 dB; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
EMM5074VU
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Gain: 23 dB; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
EMM5074X
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Minimum Operating Frequency: 5800 MHz; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Construction: COMPONENT; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
EMM5078X
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Gain: 30 dB; Minimum Operating Frequency: 3400 MHz; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 8500 MHz; Maximum Input Power (CW): 22 dBm;
EMM5078ZV
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Construction: COMPONENT; Gain: 30 dB; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Gain: 20 dB; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel;
EMM5068X
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Maximum Operating Frequency: 13300 MHz; Construction: COMPONENT; Minimum Operating Frequency: 9500 MHz; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 8500 MHz; Minimum Operating Frequency: 5800 MHz; Construction: COMPONENT;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 8500 MHz;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Operating Frequency: 15400 MHz; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Gain: 20 dB; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm; Minimum Operating Frequency: 12700 MHz; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Operating Frequency: 15400 MHz;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Gain: 30 dB; Maximum Operating Frequency: 8500 MHz; Maximum Input Power (CW): 22 dBm;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Maximum Input Power (CW): 22 dBm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Minimum Operating Frequency: 3400 MHz;
EMM5081V1B
WIDE BAND HIGH POWER; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Construction: COMPONENT; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Maximum Input Power (CW): 26 dBm;
WIDE BAND HIGH POWER; Gain: 30 dB; Construction: COMPONENT; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Characteristic Impedance: 50 ohm; Minimum Operating Frequency: 13750 MHz;
WIDE BAND MEDIUM POWER; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Gain: 21 dB; Additional Features: HIGH RELIABILITY; Maximum Operating Frequency: 13300 MHz; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved