Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
UPD720114GA-YEU-A by Renesas Electronics is a BUS CONTROLLER IC with 48 terminals, operating at 3.3V. It features a clock frequency of 30MHz and operates b/w 0-85°C. Ideal for applications requiring USB connectivity in compact designs due to its low profile flatpack package style.
Median Price
$1.179
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
19
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Chip Stock
1+ parts
-
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Sensible Micro Corp
SIE Connect GmbH - GreenChips
Greenchips
QIE Inc.
Vyrian
AGACORP
Micros
$1.201
$1.151
Partservice
$1.101
$1.056
Micros sp.j. W. Kędra i J. Lic
$1.131
ComSIT Distribution GmbH
Bristol Electronics
A&K Electronics
Rotakorn
Electronics Depot
Nova Conductors
Prism Electronics
Semtec, LLC
LIBRA Elektronik GmbH
AZTECH Wire
$16.376
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$69.550
Corohmni
$75.815
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Continental Prestige Electronics
Argo Parts USA
Kepictronics
Perfect Parts
Bastille Electronics
The use of plastic/epoxy material makes the product lightweight and cost-effective.
Allows for easy and convenient installation on circuit boards.
Can handle high supply voltages ensuring stable operation.
Square shape allows for efficient use of space on the PCB.
Can operate in low-temperature environments without performance issues.
Low profile design saves space and allows for compact PCB layout.
Specifically designed to serve as a bus controller for Universal Serial Bus devices.
Utilizes Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor technology for efficient operation.
Operates at a common and stable supply voltage, compatible with many systems.
Bus Controllers UPD720114GA-YEU-A attributes and parameters. Explore more Bus Controllers devices from Renesas Electronics
Address Bus Width:
Maximum Clock Frequency:
External Data Bus Width:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Power Supplies (V):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Sub-Category:
Maximum Supply Voltage:
Minimum Supply Voltage:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Width:
Peripheral IC Type:
UPD720114GA-YEU-A Peripheral ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
3A991.A.2
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.31.00.01
SB
8542.31.00.00
STM32H753IIK6
STMicroelectronics
STM32H753IIK6 by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with 176 terminals, operating at up to 48 MHz. It features 20-Ch 16-Bit ADCs, 2-Ch 12-Bit DACs, and peripherals like CAN, ETHERNET, and USB. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high-speed processing and extensive connectivity options.
LM7805CT
Integrated Circuit Technology
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; Maximum Input Voltage Absolute: 35 V; Maximum Voltage Tolerance: 5 %; Terminal Position: SINGLE; Operating Temperature (TJ-Min): 0 Cel;
1N4148
Won-top Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
M39029/56-351
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's M39029/56-351 is a CRIMP contact type backshell accessory with rated voltage of 115V. It operates b/w -65 to 175 °C, suitable for MIL-C-39029/56 connectors with wire gauge ranging from 28 to 22 AWG. Ideal for military applications requiring female contacts and copper alloy material.
1N5819HW-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
1N5819HW-7-F by Diodes Inc. is a Schottky rectifier diode with 40V reverse test voltage, 1A output current, and 0.75V forward voltage. It's a surface mount device in a small outline package ideal for efficiency applications at temperatures ranging from -65 to 125°C.
ERJ3EKF1002V
Panasonic
Panasonic's ERJ3EKF1002V is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.1 W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and is ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
BAV99
Vishay Telefunken
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SMBJ18CA
Fairchild Semiconductor
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
87832-1420
Molex
87832-1420 by Molex is a 14-contact board connector with 0.079" pitch, suitable for commercial applications. It features matte tin over nickel finish, glass-filled polyamide insulator, and polarization key for easy assembly. Withstanding voltage of 1400VAC and operating temperature range from -55 to 105°C make it reliable for various electronic devices.
OPA2227UA
Burr-Brown Corporation
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
261
Mercury Systems
Other Interface ICs; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
2N2222A
Microchip Technology
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Minimum Operating Temperature: -65 Cel; Terminal Position: BOTTOM;
1N4148WT
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Tak Cheong Electronics Holdings
CSNF651
Honeywell Sensing And Control
CSNF651 by Honeywell Sensing And Control is an industrial-grade analog circuit with 3 terminals. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, supporting supply voltages from -15V to 15V. Ideal for applications requiring a special shape rectangular package style and through-hole terminal form.
ULN2803A
NPN; Configuration: 8 BANKS, DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .5 A; No. of Elements: 8; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 1000;
Philips Components
BSS138
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .22 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Sinyork
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: .5 A; Maximum Output Current: .15 A; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; No. of Phases: 1;
LM358N
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
89HT0832PZCHLG8
Renesas Electronics
BUS CONTROLLER, PCI; Terminal Finish: TIN SILVER COPPER; JESD-609 Code: e1; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 245;
USB7002T-I/KDXVAO
USB7002T-I/KDXVAO by Microchip Technology is a BUS CONTROLLER with 625 MBps data transfer rate, suitable for I2C, I2S, SMBUS, SPI, UART, and USB buses. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C with a supply voltage range of 1.08-1.32 V in an industrial-grade package measuring 12x12 mm.
88SE9215A1-NAA2C000
Marvell Technology
Marvell Technology's 88SE9215A1-NAA2C000 is a Bus Controller with max data rate of 625 MBps, operating temp range of 0-70 °C, and max clock frequency of 25 MHz. It is used in ATA and SPI bus systems for high-speed data transfer applications.
CY7C67300-100AXIT
Cypress Semiconductor
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 100; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
ISP1763AHNUM
St-ericsson
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
CY7C65630-56LTXIT
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 56; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
FT2232HPQ-TRAY
FTDI
FTDI's FT2232HPQ-TRAY is a BUS CONTROLLER with 16-bit Address Bus, 1.5 MBps Data Transfer Rate, and 12 MHz Clock Frequency. Ideal for I2C and UART bus compatibility, it operates b/w -40 to 85 °C in various applications requiring RS232/RS422/RS485 drive interface standards.
89H32NT24AG2ZCHLGI
Renesas Electronics 89H32NT24AG2ZCHLGI is a Bus Controller IC with 484 terminals, operating at -40 to 85 °C. It supports I2C, ISA, VGA buses with a max clock frequency of 125 MHz and data transfer rate of 32000 MBps. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high-speed data processing in compact systems.
TUSB8043ARGCR
Texas Instruments
TUSB8043ARGCR by Texas Instruments is a bus controller with 64 terminals, operating at 0-70°C. It supports data transfer rates up to 625 MBps and has a supply voltage range of 0.99-1.26 V. Ideal for I2C/SMBus applications, this CMOS technology chip carrier is surface-mountable and suitable for commercial-grade temperature environments.
TUSB8041ARGCT
TUSB8041ARGCT by Texas Instruments is a bus controller with a package shape of square and 64 terminals. It has a max supply voltage of 1.26V and operates at temperatures b/w 0°C to 70°C. This IC is commonly used for USB bus compatibility in various applications.
CY7C65630-56LTXI
Infineon Technologies
CY7C65630-56LTXI by Infineon is a 3.3V bus controller with 56 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It supports USB interface, clock frequency up to 24 MHz, and has a compact square package for industrial applications.
CY7C65634-28LTXC
CY7C65634-28LTXC by Infineon is a 28-terminal bus controller with a max clock frequency of 12 MHz. It operates at supply voltages ranging from 1.8V to 5.5V and is compatible with I2C buses. This CMOS technology chip carrier is ideal for applications requiring universal serial bus peripheral ICs in commercial temperature grades.
USB2514B-AEZC-TR
Standard Microsystems
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Package Code: HVQCCN; Nominal Supply Voltage: 3.3 V; Additional Features: ALSO REQUIRES 3.3V SUPPLY; Bus Compatibility: I2C;
CY7C65215-32LTXIT
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
CY7C65631-56LTXIT
CY7C65631-56LTXIT by Infineon is a 3.3V bus controller with 56 terminals in a square chip carrier package. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, supports up to 24MHz clock frequency, and has a max supply current of 260mA. Ideal for industrial applications requiring USB peripheral ICs with CMOS technology.
MAX3421EEHJ+
Analog Devices
Analog Devices' MAX3421EEHJ+ is a BUS CONTROLLER with 32 terminals, operating at 3-3.6V. It offers a data transfer rate of 12 MBps and supports USB applications. The IC has a clock frequency of 12 MHz, making it suitable for industrial use in various electronic devices.
USB5744/2GTB
Microchip Technology's USB5744/2GTB is a bus controller with 56 terminals, operating at 0-70°C. It supports I2C, SMBUS, SPI, and USB buses with a data transfer rate of 625 MBps. The chip carrier package has a low profile of 1mm and operates b/w 1.08-1.32V for various commercial applications.
CY7C65215-32LTXI
CY7C65215-32LTXI by Infineon is a bus controller with 32 terminals, operating at 3.15-3.45V, and clock frequency up to 48.96MHz. It is used in industrial applications requiring USB peripheral control, featuring I2C compatibility and a compact square package style of 5x5mm for surface mounting.
TUSB2077APT
TUSB2077APT by Texas Instruments is a 48-terminal bus controller with 3.3V power supply, supporting USB technology at a max data rate of 12 MBps. Ideal for applications requiring low-profile, fine-pitch components and operating temperatures b/w 0-70°C.
USB2514I-AEZG
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 36; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
UPD720201K8-701-BAC-A
UPD720201K8-701-BAC-A by Renesas Electronics is a 68-terminal BUS CONTROLLER with 3.3V supply, operating b/w 0-85°C. It features QUAD terminals in a SQUARE package for surface mounting applications. Ideal for UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS peripheral ICs requiring reliable data transmission at high speeds.
UPD720201K8-711-BAC-A
Renesas Electronics UPD720201K8-711-BAC-A is a Bus Controller with 68 terminals, operating at 3.3V. It features a temperature range of -40 to 85°C and is surface mountable. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high-speed data transfer in compact form factor.
UPD720114GA-YEU-AT
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: TFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720115K8-711-BAK-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: QCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720202K8-701-BAA-A
Bus Controllers; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: QCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720101GJ-UEN-A
Nec Electronics
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 144; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720114GA-YEU-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Nec Electronics America
UPD720114GA-9EU-A
UPD720115K8-611-BAK-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: QCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720200AF1-DAP-A
Renesas Electronics UPD720200AF1-DAP-A is a 176-terminal bus controller with 48 MHz clock frequency, suitable for PCI bus compatibility. It features CMOS technology, operates at 1.05V, and has a square grid array package shape for surface mount applications.
UPD720202K8-711-BAA-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: QCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720210K8-BAF-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 76; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720133GB-YEU-A
Bus Controllers; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: TFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UPD720100AGM-8EY-A
BUS CONTROLLER, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 160; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved