Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
ISL9241HRTZ-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a 32-terminal power management IC with 4 channels and adjustable threshold. It supports power supply circuits, operates b/w 3.9V to 23.4V, and can withstand peak reflow temperature of 260°C for up to 30 seconds. Ideal for surface mount applications requiring precise voltage regulation.
Median Price
$10.855
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
9
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Mouser Electronics
1+ parts
$10.250
100+ parts
$6.780
1k+ parts
$6.150
10k+ parts
-
Renesas
$10.570
$5.333
$4.938
DigiKey
$11.140
$7.096
Element14
$14.450
$10.820
$8.210
Bristol Electronics
$8.992
$4.226
$4.046
Vyrian
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Dan-Mar Components
Nova Conductors
Corohmni
$1.293
AZTECH Wire
$2.490
$2.390
$2.340
$2.300
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$3.710
Ampacity Inc.
$5.260
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
Aranea Global
Argo Parts USA
Continental Prestige Electronics
Perfect Parts
This allows for convenient and efficient placement on circuit boards, saving space and simplifying assembly.
The square package shape may provide better heat dissipation and a more compact design, making the product suitable for smaller devices.
With a higher number of terminals, this product offers more connectivity options and flexibility in circuit design.
The pure matte tin terminal finish can improve solderability and reliability in various operating conditions.
A quad terminal position allows for easier connection and can enhance the overall stability of the product.
Being a power supply support circuit, this IC type ensures efficient power management and a reliable performance.
The low minimum supply voltage enables operation in a wide range of applications, making it versatile and adaptable.
The ability to withstand peak reflow temperatures for 30 seconds enhances the product's durability during manufacturing processes.
With a high peak reflow temperature, this product can endure harsh reflow soldering conditions without compromising its performance.
Four channels provide the capability to manage multiple power sources or functions simultaneously, offering increased efficiency and control.
The no-lead terminal form improves reliability and reduces the risk of short circuits, ensuring a longer lifespan for the product.
MSL 3 indicates a moderate level of moisture sensitivity, balancing reliability and manufacturability in different environments.
The high maximum supply voltage allows for compatibility with various power sources, making the product suitable for a wide range of applications.
The ability to adjust the threshold provides flexibility in power management settings, allowing for customization based on specific requirements.
Power Management ICs ISL9241HRTZ-T7A attributes and parameters. Explore more Power Management ICs devices from Renesas Electronics
Adjustable Threshold:
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
No. of Channels:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Package Body Material:
Package Shape:
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
ISL9241HRTZ-T7A Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
PCN Packaging - Label Change-All Devices 01/Dec/2022
SS14
Forward International Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; No. of Elements: 1; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Output Current: 1 A;
Daco Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS
Rochester Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM107H/883
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Technology: BIPOLAR;
EEAGA1H4R7
Panasonic
Panasonic EEAGA1H4R7 is a 4.7uF, 50V Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor with 0.1 Tan Delta and 0.003mA Leakage Current. Ideal for applications requiring high ripple current handling in temperatures ranging from -55 to 105°C.
1N4148
Wuxi Xuyang Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
LM317T
Tt Electronics Plc
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Qualification Status: Not Qualified; JESD-30 Code: R-PSFM-T3;
2N2222A
Rectron
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Package Shape: ROUND;
LM317AEMP/NOPB
Texas Instruments
LM317AEMP/NOPB by Texas Instruments is an adjustable positive single output standard regulator with a max output voltage of 37V and a max output current of 1.5A. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40°C to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact package.
M24308/2-1F
Amphenol
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Body or Shell Style: RECEPTACLE; Body Length: 1.228 inch; No. of Rows Loaded: 2;
LAN8720A-CP-TR
Microchip Technology
LAN8720A-CP-TR by Microchip: Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operates at 3.3V, and consumes 54mA max supply current. Ideal for network interfaces in commercial applications due to its small size (4x4mm) and low power consumption.
STM32H743XIH6
STMicroelectronics
STM32H743XIH6 by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with Cortex-M7 CPU, 36-Ch 16-Bit ADC, and 2-Ch 12-Bit DAC. It operates at up to 48 MHz, has 1085440 bytes of RAM, and offers connectivity options like CAN, I2C, USB. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high-performance processing and extensive peripheral support.
BSS123NH6327XTSA1
Infineon Technologies
Infineon BSS123NH6327XTSA1 is a N-CHANNEL FET with 100V DS breakdown voltage, 0.19A ID, and 6 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for small outline applications requiring high drain current and low on-resistance. AEC-Q101 compliant for automotive use.
DS18B20Z
Maxim Integrated
DS18B20Z by Maxim Integrated is a 12-bit digital temperature sensor with 1-Wire interface. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C, with ±0.5°C accuracy. Suitable for applications requiring precise temperature monitoring in compact spaces.
LL4148
Taitron Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
BSS138PS,115
Nexperia
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Elements: 2; No. of Terminals: 6; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V;
Kec
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 2 A; Config: SINGLE; Maximum Operating Temperature: 200 Cel;
RC0805FR-0710RL
Yageo
Yageo's RC0805FR-0710RL is a 10 ohm SMT fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0.125 W power dissipation. With a temperature range of -55 to 155 °C, it suits applications requiring precise resistance values in compact surface mount designs.
E8WSDC12-32.768KTR
Ecliptek
PARALLEL - FUNDAMENTAL; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; Frequency Tolerance: 20 ppm; Aging: 3 PPM/YEAR; Load Capacitance: 12.5 pF; Nominal Operating Frequency: .032768 MHz;
Vishay Telefunken
LTC4011CFE#PBF
Linear Technology
BATTERY CHARGE CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Code: HTSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MAX811TEUS-T
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TUSB4020BIPHPRQ1
TUSB4020BIPHPRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a Power Management IC with 48 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It has a supply voltage range from 0.99V to 1.26V and is suitable for industrial applications requiring power supply support circuits in a compact square package.
MIC2005A-1YM5-TR
MIC2005A-1YM5-TR by Microchip Technology is a Power Management IC with 5 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 85°C. It supports supply voltages from 2.5V to 5.5V and has a max supply current of 0.3mA. Ideal for industrial applications requiring power supply support circuits in compact spaces.
LTC4364HDE-2#TRPBF
Analog Devices
LTC4364HDE-2#TRPBF by Analog Devices is a Power Management IC with 12V nominal voltage, -40 to 125°C operating temperature range, and 80V max supply voltage. It is used in automotive applications for power supply support circuits due to its small outline package and adjustable threshold feature.
TPS2051BDGN
TPS2051BDGN by Texas Instruments is a Power Management IC with 8 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It supports a nominal voltage of 3.3V and has a max supply current of 0.07mA. Ideal for industrial applications requiring power supply support circuits in compact spaces.
LTC4367IDD-1#PBF
LTC4367IDD-1#PBF by Analog Devices is a Power Management IC with 8 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C, and adjustable threshold. It supports power supply circuits in industrial applications, with a package style of small outline and very thin profile for surface mount assembly.
TPS2052BDRBR
TPS2052BDRBR by Texas Instruments is a Power Management IC with 3.3V nominal voltage, 8 terminals, and dual terminal position. It is used in power supply support circuits for industrial applications due to its small outline package style and wide operating temperature range from -40°C to 85°C.
ISPPAC-POWR1014A-01TN48I
Lattice Semiconductor
ISPPAC-POWR1014A-01TN48I by Lattice Semiconductor is a Power Management IC with 48 terminals and 10 channels. It operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3V, supports power supplies of 2.5/5,3/3.3V, and has an adjustable threshold feature. This IC is ideal for industrial applications requiring precise power management in compact spaces.
LTC4412IS6#TRPBF
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: VSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LTC4412ES6#PBF
LTC4368IDD-2#PBF
LTC4368IDD-2#PBF by Analog Devices is a Power Management IC with 10 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C, and supply voltage from 2.5V to 60V. It is used in industrial applications for power supply support circuits due to its small outline package and adjustable threshold feature.
LT4356HMS-1#PBF
LT4356HMS-1#PBF by Analog Devices is a Power Management IC with 12V nominal voltage, -40 to 125°C operating temperature range, and 80V max supply voltage. It is used in automotive applications for power supply support circuits due to its small outline package style and adjustable threshold feature.
LTC6811IG-1#TRPBF
LTC6811IG-1#TRPBF by Analog Devices is a Power Management IC with 12 channels, Vsup range of 11V to 55V, and operating temp from -40°C to 85°C. It is used in industrial applications for power supply management circuits due to its small outline package and CMOS technology.
TLC7701IDG4
TLC7701IDG4 by Texas Instruments is a Power Management IC with Vsup ranging from 2V to 6V. It features a small outline package, operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 °C), and consumes low supply current of 0.016 mA. Ideal for power supply support circuits in various applications.
MIC94044YFL-TR
Micrel
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 4; Package Code: VSON; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
MAX811SEUS-T
TPS2051BDR
TPS2051BDR by Texas Instruments is a Power Management IC with 8 terminals, operating voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V, and small outline package style. It has a temperature range of -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for industrial applications requiring power supply support circuits in compact designs.
LT8490EUKJ#TRPBF
BATTERY CHARGE CONTROLLER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
FDC6331L
Fairchild Semiconductor
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Additional Features: LOAD SWITCH;
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
ISL94202IRTZ-T7A
Renesas Electronics
ISL94202IRTZ-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a Power Management IC with 48 terminals, operating b/w -40 to 85°C. It has a supply voltage range of 4-36V and features adjustable threshold levels. This IC is ideal for industrial applications requiring precise power supply management in compact spaces.
Intersil
POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; JESD-609 Code: e3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
ISL94216IRZ
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; Terminal Finish: NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; JESD-609 Code: e4;
ISL94202IRTZ
POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
ISL94202IRTZ by Renesas Electronics is a Power Management IC with 48 terminals and a supply voltage range of 4V to 36V. It features an adjustable threshold, operates in industrial temperature grade (-40 to 85 °C), and is suitable for power supply management circuits. The chip carrier package has a square shape, very thin profile, and matte tin terminal finish.
ISL94202IRTZ-T7
POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
ISL94216IRZ-T
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; JESD-609 Code: e4; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Terminal Finish: NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER;
ISL94208IRZ-T7A
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
ISL94216IRZ-T7
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; JESD-609 Code: e4; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Terminal Finish: NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
ISL9520HRTZ-T
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Terminal Finish: PURE MATTE TIN;
ISL9520HRTZ
POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT; Terminal Finish: PURE MATTE TIN; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30;
ISL94203IRTZ-T7
ISL94203IRTZ-T7A
POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: VQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
ISL9238IRTZ
ISL94202IRTZ-T
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved