Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Phoenix Contact 1681787 is a threaded circular connector with gold finish contacts. Featuring polybutylene terephthalate insulator and shell material, it has 4 male contacts for cable mounting applications. Ideal for use in various industrial settings requiring reliable and durable connections.
Median Price
$15.298
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
13
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
RS (Exports)
1+ parts
$6.970
100+ parts
$6.370
1k+ parts
-
10k+ parts
Conrad
$14.085
$11.266
Newark
$16.510
$14.010
$13.250
RS Americas
$16.770
$14.760
$14.420
Master Electronics
Verical
Vyrian
Shortec Electronics
Dynamic Solutions
VNN
Nova Conductors
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
IBS Electronics
Advanced Electronics
$4.105
Abianca Electronics
$9.576
$9.193
Corohmni
$9.872
Ampacity Inc.
$11.300
Neutron USA
$84.660
Argo Parts USA
Continental Prestige Electronics
Aranea Global
Perfect Parts
Gold finish provides excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, while the nickel barrier adds durability, making this connector reliable for long-term use.
Threaded coupling ensures a secure and stable connection, reducing the risk of accidental disconnection in high vibration environments.
Polybutylene terephthalate is a strong and heat-resistant material, providing excellent insulation to protect the contacts and ensuring reliable performance in various conditions.
Circular connectors are known for their robustness and versatility, making them suitable for a wide range of applications in industries such as aerospace, military, and telecommunications.
Having 4 contacts allows for multiple signal or power connections in a single connector, reducing the need for multiple connectors and simplifying the overall setup.
A solid backshell provides added protection to the contacts and enhances the overall durability of the connector, making it suitable for harsh operating environments.
Designed for cable mounting, this connector offers easy installation and secure connection to the cable, ensuring reliable signal transmission and reducing the risk of cable damage.
Similar to the insulator material, the shell made of polybutylene terephthalate adds durability and heat resistance to the connector, ensuring long-lasting performance in demanding conditions.
Male contacts are typically more durable and reliable for repeated connections and disconnections, making this connector suitable for applications that require frequent mating cycles.
The plug style allows for easy and quick connection, making this connector user-friendly and convenient for applications that require frequent and rapid mate and unmate cycles.
Other Function Circular Connectors 1681787 attributes and parameters. Explore more Other Function Circular Connectors devices from Phoenix Contact
Backshell Type:
Body or Shell Style:
Connector Type:
Mating Contact Finish:
Termination Contact Finish:
Contact Gender:
Contact Material:
Coupling Type:
DIN Conformance:
Empty Shell:
Filter Feature:
IEC Conformity:
Insulator Material:
JESD-609 Code:
MIL Conformity:
Mixed Contacts:
Mounting Type:
Option:
Shell Material:
Total No. of Contacts:
1681787 Connectors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8536.69.40.20
SB
PCN Design/Specification - Multiple Devices PUR Cable 05/Jun/2015 Multiple Devices Voltage Ratings 08/Jun/2018
Electrification has been the core expertise of Phoenix Contact since its foundation in 1923. In the 21st century, Phoenix Contact is committed to empowering the “All Electric Society,” a future in which energy from renewable resources is available in sufficient quantities and at affordable prices. In addition to the consistent generation and use of renewable energies, reducing the primary energy demand through efficiency measures and creating intelligent and networked systems are key to a sustainable future. To be able to base renewable energy use on demand, solutions and technologies for electrification, networking, and automation are needed in order to realize sector coupling. Phoenix Contact focuses on solutions for the “All Electric Society.” More than 20,000 employees and strong growth through the broad portfolio and focus on the solutions business are helping to make this a reality.
OHN3140U
Tt Electronics Plc
OHN3140U by Tt Electronics Plc is a magnetic field sensor with a max supply voltage of 24V and hysteresis of 2mT. It features an output range of 25mA and operates b/w -20 to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring precise detection and measurement of magnetic fields in various industries.
ULN-2803A
Sprague Electric
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED PERIPHERAL DRIVER; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
FT232RQ-REEL
FTDI
FTDI's FT232RQ-REEL is a USB bus controller with 32 terminals, operating at 3.3-5.25V. It supports data transfer rates up to 60MBps and clock frequency of 12.02MHz, suitable for RS232/RS422/RS485 interfaces in various applications like industrial automation and communication systems.
BSS84-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. BSS84-7-F is a P-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, 0.13A max drain current, and 10 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications, it features a single configuration with built-in diode in a small outline package. Operating in enhancement mode at up to 150°C, it has Gull Wing terminals and matte tin finish.
LM555CMX
Fairchild Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LL4148
Rugao Dachang Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
1N4148WT
Tak Cheong Electronics Holdings
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WS
Taiwan Semiconductor
Rectron
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SS14
Frontier Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
NE555D
Texas Instruments
NE555D by Texas Instruments is an 8-terminal IC with a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 16V, suitable for analog waveform generation applications. It operates at temperatures from 0°C to 70°C and has a max supply current of 15mA. The package style is small outline, making it ideal for compact electronic designs.
C1206C104K5RACTU
KEMET Corporation
KEMET C1206C104K5RACTU is a ceramic capacitor with 0.1uF capacitance and 50V rated DC voltage. It has X7R temperature characteristics, -55 to 125 °C operating range, and ±10% tolerance. Ideal for SMT applications due to its rectangular package shape and wraparound terminals.
EU2B-YS3103F
Idec
ROTARY SWITCH;
2N2222A
Asi Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
1N4148
Rochester Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
General Transistor
Micro Commercial Components
LM7805CT
LM7805CT by Texas Instruments is a fixed positive single output standard regulator with an output voltage of 5V and max current of 1.5A. It operates b/w 0-125°C, has a dropout voltage of 2V, and offers excellent line/load regulation for various electronic applications.
LM358MX
Onsemi
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N7002
Itt Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SV50/6
Lumberg Connect
SV50/6 by Lumberg Connect is a 1X1 VERTICAL circular connector with 2.63" body length and 0.689" body diameter. Featuring insulation resistance of 100MΩ, it has a threaded coupling type and glass-filled polyamide insulator material. Ideal for commercial applications, it offers reliable performance with a rated current of 5A and operating temperatures from -40°C to 85°C.
801-007-16NF5-3SA
Glenair
The Glenair 801-007-16NF5-3SA is a circular connector with gold termination contact finish, threaded coupling type, and beryllium copper contact material. It has 3 contacts and features a cadmium with chromate plated shell. Ideal for cable mounting applications requiring reliable female connectors in an aluminum alloy shell.
T4111011051-000
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's T4111011051-000 is a threaded circular connector with EMI shielding, rated for 60V and 4A signal current. With nickel finish, brass shell material, and male contact gender, it has 5 contacts in a plug body style. Ideal for applications requiring durability up to 100 cycles at temperatures ranging from -40°C to 85°C.
HD10-9-1939PE-P080
TE Connectivity's HD10-9-1939PE-P080 is a circular connector with 1.66"x1.437"x1.437" dimensions, GLASS FILLED POLYAMIDE insulator, and 250V rated voltage. It has 9 contacts, UL certification, and operates b/w -55°C to 125°C. Ideal for applications requiring a polarized housing, this connector supports a max current of 13A in male gender configuration with strain relief mounting option on panels.
7000-12421-6341000
Murrelektronik
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED;
HR10A-10R-12SB(71)
Hirose Electric
HR10A-10R-12SB(71) by Hirose Electric is a circular connector with 12 contacts, silver termination finish, and snap coupling type. It features a nickel-plated shell, solid backshell, and solder termination. Ideal for board and panel mounting applications requiring a female receptacle connector with zinc alloy and brass shell materials.
UTG01619S
Souriau
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Coupling Type: BAYONET; Filter Feature: NO; Shell Size: 16; Mixed Contacts: NO; Mounting Type: CABLE AND PANEL;
8-2399609-8
TE Connectivity 8-2399609-8 is a circular connector with rated voltage of 1000V and operating temperature range from -40 to 140°C. It has UL flammability rating of 94V-0, suitable for applications requiring high current signal transmission up to 500A. The connector features male contact gender, round pin/socket style, and polarization key for secure mating in industrial panels.
10008
Belden
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED;
6-1394461-4
TE Connectivity 6-1394461-4 is a SNAP circular connector with POLYPHENYLENE OXIDE insulator. It features solid backshell, supports 10 AWG wire size, and has RND PIN-SKT contact style. Ideal for applications requiring solder termination and rated at 115/230VAC mains connector.
LF07WBR-3P
LF07WBR-3P by Hirose Electric is a circular connector with 3 contacts, gold termination finish, and threaded coupling. It is a waterproof connector suitable for cable mounting applications. The shell material is zinc alloy with nickel finish, making it durable for various industrial uses.
788188-2
TE Connectivity 788188-2 is a threaded circular connector with polyamide insulator, rated for 250V and operating temperatures from -55 to 105°C. It has a total of 3 contacts, UL flammability rating of 94V-0, and is suitable for immersion-resistant applications.
T4113002081-000
TE Connectivity's T4113002081-000 is a threaded circular connector with 8 contacts, rated for 30V and 2A. Made of polybutylene terephthalate, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring durable male connectors with polarized shells in industrial settings.
BD-04BFFA-LL7001
Amphenol
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR;
T4112511051-000
TE Connectivity's T4112511051-000 circular connector features EMI shielding, 60V rated voltage, and threaded coupling. Ideal for applications requiring a durable, polarized female connector with 5 contacts. Operating temperature range from -40 to 85°C makes it suitable for various environments.
1-967325-1
TE Connectivity 1-967325-1 is a threaded circular connector with glass-filled PBT insulator. It has 4 contacts, solid backshell, and operates b/w -40 to 120°C. Ideal for cable mounting applications requiring a polarized female socket with 115/230VAC mains connector rating.
0903290012
Franz Binder &
0903290012 by Franz Binder & is a threaded circular connector with 12 contacts. Made of polyamide, it features solid backshell and plug body style. Ideal for cable mounting, solder termination, and male contact gender applications in various industries.
6282-4PG-315
Switchcraft
The Switchcraft 6282-4PG-315 is a SNAP coupling type circular connector with a NYLON insulator material. It has a max operating temperature of 115°C and is corrosion resistant. This connector is commonly used in cable applications and has 4 contacts for solder termination.
1442078
Phoenix Contact
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Termination Contact Finish: NOT APPLICABLE; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED;
T4061110003-001
TE Connectivity T4061110003-001 is a circular connector with EMI shielding and 3 contacts. It features a solid backshell, polarization key, and supports 115/230VAC mains connector rating. Ideal for applications requiring reliable connection in environments with electromagnetic interference.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
1681169
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Termination Contact Finish: GOLD; Shell Material: POLYAMIDE; JESD-609 Code: e4;
1681486
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; IEC Conformity: NO; DIN Conformance: NO; Mixed Contacts: NO;
1681127
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Filter Feature: NO; Empty Shell: NO; Total No. of Contacts: 4;
1681460
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED; Empty Shell: NO; IEC Conformity: NO;
1681868
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Empty Shell: NO; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; Backshell Type: SOLID;
1681114
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; IEC Conformity: NO; Empty Shell: NO; Termination Contact Finish: NOT APPLICABLE;
1681156
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Empty Shell: NO; Termination Type: SOLDER; Termination Contact Finish: GOLD;
1681871
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; DIN Conformance: NO; Termination Contact Finish: GOLD OVER NICKEL; Backshell Type: SOLID;
1681473
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Coupling Type: THREADED; Mounting Type: CABLE; Empty Shell: NO;
1681101
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Filter Feature: NO; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; DIN Conformance: NO;
1681499
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Total No. of Contacts: 5; Coupling Type: THREADED; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED;
1681143
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Coupling Type: THREADED; IEC Conformity: NO; MIL Conformity: NO;
1681088
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; DIN Conformance: NO; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED; Backshell Type: SOLID;
1681664
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Total No. of Contacts: 3; Empty Shell: NO; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED;
1681172
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED; Termination Contact Finish: GOLD;
1681185
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mixed Contacts: NO; Mating Info.: SACC-M8MS-4CON-M; Coupling Type: THREADED;
1681402
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Backshell Type: SOLID; Mixed Contacts: NO; Empty Shell: NO;
1681415
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; Total No. of Contacts: 4; Backshell Type: SOLID; IEC Conformity: NO;
1681059
CIRCULAR CONNECTOR; Option: WITH CABLE ASSEMBLY; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Additional Features: STANDARD: IEC 61076-2-101, UL; Termination Type: WIRE; Filter Feature: NO;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved