Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
Median Price
$0.133
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
33
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Texas Instruments
1+ parts
100+ parts
$0.086
1k+ parts
$0.043
10k+ parts
-
Chip1Stop
$0.219
DigiKey
$0.240
$0.125
$0.103
Mouser Electronics
$0.122
$0.099
$0.089
Adafruit Industries
$15.483
$14.709
Future Electronics
$0.048
RS (Exports)
$0.065
Farnell
$0.071
Arrow
$0.110
$0.087
Verical
Element14
$0.152
$0.144
$0.123
Nova Conductors
$0.112
Digiode
$0.126
TME
$0.210
$0.107
$0.082
Maritex
$0.898
$0.203
$0.132
Component Sense
Chip Stock
Sensible Micro Corp
Infinite Electronics LLP
Bristol Electronics
Vyrian
Cyclops Electronics Ltd
Dan-Mar Components
Netsource Technology, Inc.
Martec Srl
ComSIT Distribution GmbH
ComSIT USA
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Next Level Components, LLC
Anansix
LWI Electronics Inc
NPI Materials, Inc.
Prism Electronics
Ampacity Inc.
Semicontronic
$0.105
$0.102
Argo Parts USA
$0.109
Netroflash
Corphita
$0.120
AZTECH Wire
Continental Prestige Electronics
$0.414
$0.206
$0.116
Parana Technologies
$3.003
$278.861
$2.703
DigiPath Technology Company
$3.307
ChromeModa Solutions
$3.374
$2.767
IDEA Electronic Components Group
$3.037
Advanced Electronics
Corohmni
$18.532
Component Stockers USA
$99.990
Perfect Parts
Formix International (Excess)
RC Electronics
Kepictronics
GreenTree Electronics
Lixinc
Futuretech Components
S.R.D Solutions
UNI Independent Distributors
Infinite Electronics LLP (Excess)
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Assy Fe
Supply Digital
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Robosynatics
$0.162
Lucentia Tech
Voltage References TL431CDBZR attributes and parameters. Explore more Voltage References devices from NXP Semiconductors
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
No. of Functions:
No. of Outputs:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Output Voltage:
Minimum Output Voltage:
Nominal Output Voltage:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Max Voltage Temp Coef:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Trim or Adjustable Output (V):
Width (mm):
TL431CDBZR Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
PCN Design/Specification - Cu Wire 17/Jun/2016 TL431x/TL432x 13/Jul/2022
PCN Assembly/Origin - TL431x/TL432x 12/Sep/2022
NXP is a leading semiconductor company that creates cutting-edge technology to power secure connections in a smarter world. Founded in 2006, they have grown to become one of the top five global semiconductor companies and serve their customers in over 70 countries around the world.
Executive Director, President, CEO
Kurt Sievers
Executive VP, CFO
Bill Betz
Executive VP, Chief Sales Officer
Ron Martino
ICN8
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1996
Netherlands
Nijmegen
Wafer Capacity
55,000
ATMC (Austin Tech & Mfg Center)
1995
USA
Austin
30,000
N/A
1989
Germany
Boeblingen
CHD
1993
Chandler
OHTC
1991
24,000
New Expansion Fab
2026
ECHO
2020
10,000
SMBJ18CA
Uniohm
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CRG0805F10K
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's CRG0805F10K is a 10000 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a power dissipation of 0.125 W. Ideal for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits due to its compact size and high temperature rating.
1N4148
Transys Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
1N4148WS
Taiwan Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BAV99
STMicroelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Jgd Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Reverse Recovery Time: .004 us; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: .5 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): 1 V;
Lite-on Semiconductor
Mde Semiconductor
LL4148-GS08
Telefunken Microelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-609 Code: e0; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 2 A;
BSS138K-13
Diodes Incorporated
BSS138K-13 by Diodes Inc. is a N-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, ideal for switching applications. It features single configuration with built-in diode, operating in enhancement mode. With 3 terminals and 0.31A max drain current, it offers high performance in small outline package style.
M39029/56-351
Itt Cannon
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Terminal Type: WIRE; IEC Conformity: NO; Alternate Contact Sources: ITT CANNON; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-C-38999;
ULN2803A
Onsemi
NPN; Configuration: 8 BANKS, DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .5 A; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Qualification: Not Qualified;
LM317T
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-30 Code: R-XSFM-T3; Minimum Input-Output Voltage Differential: 3 V;
2N2222A
Raytheon Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 250 MHz; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 100; Maximum Turn On Time (ton): 35 ns;
BSS138
General Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 50 V; Qualification: Not Qualified;
1N4148WSF-7
1N4148WSF-7 by Diodes Inc. is a single silicon rectifier diode with max output current of 0.25A and max reverse voltage of 100V. It operates b/w -55 to 150°C, has a small outline package style, and is suitable for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits.
Pulse Electronics
2N7002
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
LM358DT
LM358DT by STMicroelectronics is a dual operational amplifier with a max input offset voltage of 9000 uV. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and has a min voltage gain of 25000. This amplifier is commonly used in applications requiring high precision and low power consumption.
SS14
Jinan Jingheng Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
TL431AIDBZR,215
Nexperia
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431CLP
NXP Semiconductors
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-92; Package Shape: ROUND; Surface Mount: NO;
MCP1501-25E/SN
Microchip Technology
MCP1501-25E/SN by Microchip is a voltage reference with 2.4975V to 2.5025V output range, ideal for automotive applications. It operates b/w -40°C to 125°C, consuming 0.55mA at max supply of 5.5V. With a small outline package and high accuracy of 0.1%, it's suitable for various electronic designs.
TL431ACD
TL431ACD by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.52V) and 1% voltage tolerance. It's a small outline package suitable for various applications like power supplies, battery chargers, and LED drivers due to its 100mA max output current and commercial temperature grade.
LM4040CEM3-3.0+T
Analog Devices
LM4040CEM3-3.0+T by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with output voltage range of 2.985V to 3.015V, suitable for automotive applications due to its BICMOS technology and high temperature grade up to 125°C. It comes in a small outline package with gull wing terminals, making it ideal for surface mount PCB designs requiring precise voltage regulation.
LT1790AIS6-2.5#TRMPBF
Analog Devices' LT1790AIS6-2.5#TRMPBF is a 3V voltage reference with output voltage range of 2.49563V to 2.50438V, ideal for industrial applications. This small outline package has a max seated height of 1mm and operates b/w -40°C to 85°C, making it suitable for various temperature-sensitive systems requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact form factor.
LT1461ACS8-3.3#PBF
LT1461ACS8-3.3#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 3.3V, suitable for applications requiring precise voltage regulation. It operates b/w -40°C to +70°C, with a max supply voltage of 20V and low temperature coefficient of 3 ppm/°C, making it ideal for commercial-grade electronic devices in various industries.
AD581JH/+
Analog Devices' AD581JH/+ is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output of 10V. It features a max voltage tolerance of 0.3%, max temp coef of 30 ppm/C, and operates b/w 0-70°C. Ideal for precision applications requiring stable voltage references in commercial temperature environments.
LM4040DIM3-5.0/NOPB
National Semiconductor
TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LM385M3-1.2/NOPB
TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431ASA-7
TL431ASA-7 by Diodes Inc. is a 3-terminal voltage reference with adjustable output (2.47-2.512V). It's a small outline, surface-mount package suitable for automotive applications, operating b/w -40 to 125°C. With a max current of 0.1A and voltage temp coef of 888 ppm/°C, it's ideal for precision voltage regulation in various electronic circuits.
ADR02BUJZ-REEL7
ADR02BUJZ-REEL7 by Analog Devices is a voltage reference with a nominal output of 5V, adjustable output, and max voltage tolerance of 0.06%. It is ideal for automotive applications due to its small outline package and wide operating temperature range from -40°C to 125°C.
PREF3425QDBVRQ1
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Screening Level: AEC-Q100;
LM4040AIM3-2.5
Rochester Electronics
TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
ZRB500F01TA
Zetex Plc
LTC6655LNCHMS8-5#PBF
LTC6655LNCHMS8-5#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with output voltage range of 4.9975V to 5.0025V, suitable for automotive applications. It operates b/w -40°C to 125°C, with max supply current of 7.5mA and voltage tolerance of 0.05%.
AD780ARZ-REEL7
AD780ARZ-REEL7 by Analog Devices is a voltage reference IC with trimmable 2.495-2.505V output, suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with a supply range of 4-36V and low 1mA current draw. The small outline package has dual terminals and measures 4.9mm x 3.9mm x 1.75mm, making it ideal for space-constrained designs requiring precise voltage regulation.
REF5050AIDG4
REF5050AIDG4 by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference with output voltage range of 4.995-5.005V, suitable for automotive applications. It has a small outline package style, operates b/w -40 to 125°C, and offers a max voltage tolerance of 0.1%.
LT1019ACS8-2.5#PBF
LT1019ACS8-2.5#PBF by Analog Devices is a voltage reference IC with 2.5V output, suitable for applications requiring stable voltage supply. It features a trimmable output, operates b/w 0-70°C, and has a low temp coefficient of 5 ppm/°C. Ideal for precision measurement equipment and sensor interfaces due to its small outline package and commercial temperature grade suitability.
LT1461CCS8-2.5#PBF
LT1461CCS8-2.5#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with nominal output voltage of 2.5 V, suitable for applications requiring stable voltage supply. It operates b/w 0 to 70°C, with a max temp coefficient of 12 ppm/°C and can handle supply voltages from 3 to 20 V. This small outline package has dual terminals and matte tin finish, making it ideal for surface mount designs in commercial temperature grade environments.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
TL431AIDBZR
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431AIDBZR by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.52V) and max output current of 0.1A, suitable for industrial applications. It operates in the temperature range of -40 to 85°C, with a voltage tolerance of 1%. The package style is small outline, thin profile, shrink pitch, making it ideal for space-constrained designs.
NXP Semiconductors' TL431AIDBZR,215 is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.52V) in a small outline package suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, has 3 terminals, and can handle up to 36V supply voltage.
TL431AQDBZR,215
NXP Semiconductors' TL431AQDBZR,215 is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.55V) and max output current of 0.1A. Ideal for automotive applications due to its small size, wide temp range (-40 to 125°C), and low supply voltage requirement (min 2.495V).
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431AQDBZR
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431AQDBZR by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.52V) and 1% voltage tolerance. It's a three-terminal device in small outline package, suitable for automotive applications due to its wide operating temperature range (-40 to 125°C).
TL431IDBZR,215
NXP Semiconductors' TL431IDBZR,215 is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.44-2.55V) and max output current of 0.1A. Ideal for industrial applications, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C, has a small outline package style, and supports surface mount technology.
TL431AIDBZRG4
TL431AIDBZRG4 by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.47-2.52V) and max output current of 0.1A. Widely used in industrial applications, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with a supply voltage range of 2.495-36V for precise voltage regulation in various electronic circuits.
TL431QDBZR,215
NXP Semiconductors' TL431QDBZR,215 is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.44-2.55V) in a small outline package suitable for automotive applications. It operates b/w -40 to 125°C, has a max output current of 0.1A, and can handle up to 36V supply voltage.
TL431BQDBZR
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved