Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; JESD-30 Code: R-PDSO-G48;
Median Price
$0.925
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
4
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Verical
1+ parts
-
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Digiode
Vyrian
Anansix
Microchip USA
$5.850
AZTECH Wire
$9.990
One Stop Electronics
$27.500
Corphita
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
UNI Independent Distributors
Graphics Display Drivers PCA8551ATT/AY attributes and parameters. Explore more Graphics Display Drivers devices from NXP Semiconductors
Additional Features:
Data Input Mode:
Display Mode:
Input Characteristics:
Interface IC Type:
JESD-30 Code:
Length:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
Multiplexed Display Capability:
No. of Digits/Characters:
No. of Functions:
No. of Segments:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Screening Level:
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Current:
Maximum Supply Voltage:
Minimum Supply Voltage:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
Maximum Supply Voltage-1:
Minimum Supply Voltage-1:
Nominal Supply Voltage-1:
Surface Mount:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Width:
Minimum fmax:
PCA8551ATT/AY Interface ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
NXP is a leading semiconductor company that creates cutting-edge technology to power secure connections in a smarter world. Founded in 2006, they have grown to become one of the top five global semiconductor companies and serve their customers in over 70 countries around the world.
Executive Director, President, CEO
Kurt Sievers
Executive VP, CFO
Bill Betz
Executive VP, Chief Sales Officer
Ron Martino
ICN8
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1996
Netherlands
Nijmegen
Wafer Capacity
55,000
ATMC (Austin Tech & Mfg Center)
1995
USA
Austin
30,000
N/A
1989
Germany
Boeblingen
CHD
1993
Chandler
OHTC
1991
24,000
New Expansion Fab
2026
ECHO
2020
10,000
LL4148
Sangdest Microelectronics (Nanjing)
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N2222A
M/a-com Technology Solutions
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Terminal Position: BOTTOM; Package Style (Meter): CYLINDRICAL;
350766-1
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity 350766-1 is a rectangular power connector with 0.25" mating contact pitch, rated for 600V and operating temperatures from -55 to 105°C. It has a durable design with POLYAMIDE insulator material, suitable for commercial applications requiring secure crimp termination in cable mounting setups.
SS14
Forward International Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; No. of Elements: 1; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Output Current: 1 A;
1N4148WS
Rectron
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Sinyork
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Config: SINGLE; No. of Phases: 1; No. of Elements: 1; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V;
LM555CM
Intersil
Analog Waveform Generation Functions; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
Rugao Dachang Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M24308/2-1F
Itt Cannon
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Additional Features: STANDARD: MIL-DTL-24308, POLARIZED; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE; Filter Feature: NO;
Electronic Transistors
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
2N7002
Panjit International
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 40; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V;
STM32F405RGT6TR
STMicroelectronics
STM32F405RGT6TR by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with 64 terminals, operating at a max frequency of 26 MHz. It features DAC and ADC channels, along with DMA support. Ideal for industrial applications requiring low power consumption and high-speed processing capabilities.
CGA3E2X7R1H104K080AA
TDK
CGA3E2X7R1H104K080AA by TDK is a fixed ceramic capacitor with a capacitance of 0.1 uF and a rated DC voltage of 50 V. It has a temperature coefficient of 15% and can operate at temperatures ranging from -55 to 125 °C. This capacitor is commonly used in surface mount applications for various electronic devices.
LM555CN
Rca Solid State
Analog Waveform Generation Functions; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
MBR0530T1G
Onsemi
MBR0530T1G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.375V and output current of 0.5A. It operates b/w -65°C to 125°C, making it suitable for applications requiring high-speed switching in compact electronic devices like smartphones and tablets. The package style is small outline with gull wing terminals for surface mount assembly.
LM107H
Linear Technology
LM107H by Linear Technology is an Operational Amplifier with a max input offset voltage of 3000uV, common mode reject ratio of 96dB, and min voltage gain of 50000. It is used in military applications due to its MILITARY temperature grade and BIPOLAR technology for precise signal processing in harsh environments.
BSS138
Micro Commercial Components
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Terminal Position: DUAL;
Good-ark Electronics
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance: 6 ohm; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 50 V; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE;
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .22 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LT3518EUF#PBF
Analog Devices
LT3518EUF#PBF by Analog Devices is a graphics display driver with a package style of chip carrier, heat sink/slug, and very thin profile. It has a max supply voltage of 30V and operates in automotive temperature grade. This LED display driver is suitable for various applications requiring high-performance graphics displays.
MAX7219CWG+T
Maxim Integrated
LED DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
PCF85176T/1
NXP Semiconductors
PCF85176T/1 by NXP Semiconductors is a graphics display driver with dot matrix and segment display modes. It operates at 1.8-5.5V, -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. With 40 segments, 0.4 MHz fmax, and serial data input mode, it's ideal for LCD displays in various electronic devices.
LT3756EUD#PBF
LED DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
PLP5009RUKR
Texas Instruments
PLP5009RUKR by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with 20 terminals, operating voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V, and serial data input mode. Ideal for LED displays, it has a compact square package shape, industrial temperature grade, and quad terminal position for various applications.
NJW4616U2-TE1
NISSHINBO MICRO DEVICES INC
Display Drivers; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: DFP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM3409QMYX/NOPB
LM3409QMYX/NOPB by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with a max supply voltage of 42V and constant-current output. Ideal for automotive applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125°C, features a small outline package style, and supports LED displays with a nominal voltage of 24V.
CAT3224HV3-GT2
CAT3224HV3-GT2 by Onsemi is a graphics display driver with 16 terminals, operating voltage range of 2-5.5V, and industrial temperature grade. It features a quad terminal position, nickel palladium gold finish, and LED display driver interface IC type. Ideal for applications requiring high-performance graphics displays in compact spaces.
AL8400SE-7
Diodes Incorporated
AL8400SE-7 by Diodes Inc. is a LED display driver with 3 segments, operating voltage range of 2.2V to 18V, and temp grade for automotive applications. It comes in small outline package with dual terminals, matte tin finish, and peak reflow temp of 260C. Ideal for graphics displays requiring high reliability in harsh environments.
TPS61161DRVRG4
TPS61161DRVRG4 by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with a max supply voltage of 18V. It has 1 channel and operates at an industrial temperature range of -40 to 85°C. This LED display driver is suitable for applications requiring a small outline, heat sink profile.
ICM7224IPL+
Analog Devices' ICM7224IPL+ is a 40-terminal graphics display driver with serial data input mode. It operates b/w -20 to 85 °C and supports liquid crystal displays with 29 segments. With a CMOS technology, it has a max supply voltage of 6V and min fmax of 15 MHz, making it ideal for various display applications.
TL4242QKTTRQ1
TL4242QKTTRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with 7 terminals, operating voltage range of 4.5V to 42V, and constant-current output for LED displays. AEC-Q100 screening makes it suitable for automotive applications, with a compact rectangular package style ideal for space-constrained designs. Operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 125°C, meeting automotive grade requirements.
TLC59210IPWR
TLC59210IPWR by Texas Instruments is a LED display driver with 8 channels, operating at 3-5.5V. It features parallel data input mode, small outline package style, and industrial temperature grade. Ideal for graphics displays, it has 20 terminals in a rectangular shape for surface mount applications.
NSI45060JDT4G
NSI45060JDT4G by Onsemi is a small outline LED display driver with 3 terminals, matte tin finish, and gull wing terminal form. It has a peak reflow temperature of 260°C and is suitable for graphics display applications due to its compact size and surface mount capability.
PTPS92520QDADRQ1
PTPS92520QDADRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with 32 terminals and operates in automotive applications. It features a serial data input mode, supports a max supply voltage of 5.3V, and has an operating temperature range from -40 to 125°C.
PCA9685PW_Q900
PCA9685PW_Q900 by NXP Semiconductors is a Graphics Display Driver with SERIAL data input mode, 16 segments, and 1 MHz min fmax. Ideal for LED display driver applications due to its compact SMALL OUTLINE package style and industrial temperature grade suitability.
TLC5940PWP
TLC5940PWP by Texas Instruments is a graphics display driver with 16 channels, operating at 30 MHz. It features a serial data input mode and open-drain output characteristics. Ideal for LED displays, it supports dot matrix display mode and has a max supply voltage of 5.5 V.
MAX7219CNG-T
MAX7219CNG-T by Maxim Integrated is a graphics display driver with 8-digit display capability. It operates on a supply voltage range of 4-5.5V, featuring serial data input mode and totem-pole output characteristics. Ideal for LED displays, this IC has a segment display mode and can handle multiplexed displays with a max frequency of 1.3MHz.
PCA9531D,112
PCA9531D,112 by NXP Semiconductors is a serial input LED display driver with 16 terminals. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C and supports supply voltages of 2.3-5.5 V. Ideal for industrial applications requiring small outline package style and gull wing terminal form.
LT3496EUFD#TRPBF
LED DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: OTHER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 28; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
PCA85162T/Q900/1,1
NXP Semiconductors' PCA85162T/Q900/1,1 is a graphics display driver with dot matrix and segment display modes. It has a serial data input mode and operates at a max supply voltage of 5.5V. This IC is commonly used in industrial applications for driving liquid crystal displays (LCDs).
PCA8546ATT/AJ
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 56; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Package Equivalence Code: TSSOP56,.3,20;
PCA8561AHN/AY
PCA8561AHN/AY by NXP Semiconductors is a 32-terminal graphics display driver with serial data input mode, operating b/w -40 to 105 °C. It supports multiplexed display capability for 16-digit characters, with a max supply voltage of 5.5 V. Ideal for industrial applications requiring liquid crystal display drivers in compact form factors.
PCA8534AH/Q900/1,5
Display Drivers; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
PCA85134H/Q900/1,1
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
PCA85176H/Q900/1,5
NXP Semiconductors' PCA85176H/Q900/1,5 is a Graphics Display Driver with 16-DIGIT display capability and 40 segments. It operates at a voltage range of 1.8V to 5.5V, suitable for industrial applications requiring a CMOS technology-based LCD driver with serial data input mode. The package style is flatpack, thin profile, fine pitch, making it ideal for space-constrained designs.
PCA8553DTT/AJ
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 56; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Terminal Finish: Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au);
PCA85162T/Q900/1Y
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
PCA85162T/Q900/1
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
PCA85133U/2DB/Q1,0
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 110; Package Code: DIE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
PCA85176H
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: TFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
PCA85133U/2DB/Q1
PCA85176H/Q900
PCA85132U/2DA/Q1
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 197; Package Code: DIE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
PCA85132U/2DB/Q1,0
PCA85134
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
PCA85132U/2DB/Q1
PCA85134H
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE; Technology: CMOS;
PCA85133U/2DA/Q1
PCA85134H/Q900/1
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: QFP; Package Shape: SQUARE; Maximum Seated Height: 1.6 mm;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved