Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
LAN SWITCHING CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Median Price
$6.620
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
4
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Microchip Technology
1+ parts
100+ parts
$5.030
1k+ parts
$4.640
10k+ parts
$4.410
Nova Conductors
$6.177
-
NAC Semi
$6.260
$5.680
$5.200
Vyrian
Semicontronic
$5.630
$5.489
$5.461
Ampacity Inc.
Continental Prestige Electronics
$6.050
$5.929
Netroflash
Component Stockers USA
$6.510
$4.950
$4.560
Corohmni
$7.682
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$12.116
Advanced Electronics
$17.885
$16.991
Kepictronics
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
Marpe Global Electronics
QualityLine Systems
Epart123
$9.500
Lixinc
Argo Parts USA
XL Components Corporation
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Network Interfaces KSZ8863FLL-TR attributes and parameters. Explore more Network Interfaces devices from Micrel
JESD-30 Code:
Length:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Maximum Seated Height:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
Surface Mount:
Telecom IC Type:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Width:
KSZ8863FLL-TR Telecommunications trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
PCN Design/Specification - KSZ8863MLL/FLL/RLL 07/Apr/2021 KSZ8863MLL/FLL/RLL 11/Jan/2017
PCN Assembly/Origin - KSZ8863yy Asembly Site 15/Dec/2023
PCN Packaging - MBB/Label Chgs 16/Nov/2018
PCN Part Number - Micrel to Microchip PN Changes 7/Oct/2015
Micrel has been acquired by Microchip Technology Inc., a leading provider of mixed-signal, analog and Flash-IP solutions that offers low-risk product development, lower total system cost and faster time to market for thousands of diverse customer applications worldwide. Micrel, Inc. is a leading global manufacturer of IC solutions for the worldwide high-performance linear and power, LAN and timing and communications markets. The Company’s products include advanced mixed-signal, analog and power semiconductors, as well as high-performance communication, clock management, Ethernet switch and physical layer transceiver ICs. Company customers include leading manufacturers of enterprise, consumer, industrial, mobile, telecommunications, automotive, and computer products. Corporation headquarters and state-of-the-art wafer fabrication facilities are located in San Jose, CA, with regional sales and support offices and advanced technology design centers situated throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia. In addition, the Company maintains an extensive network of distributors and reps worldwide.
1N4148WT
Eic Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
ISO1050DUBR
Texas Instruments
ISO1050DUBR by Texas Instruments is a network interface IC with 8 terminals, operating from -55 to 105°C. It features a small outline package, nickel palladium gold finish, and gull wing terminal form. Ideal for telecom applications requiring a 5V supply voltage and peak reflow temperature of 260°C.
FDC5614P
Fairchild Semiconductor
P-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): 1.6 W; Transistor Application: SWITCHING; Maximum Drain Current (ID): 3 A;
MMBT2907ALT1G
Rochester Electronics
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 200 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .6 A; Terminal Form: GULL WING;
BSS138
Philips Semiconductors
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
1N4148WS
Formosa Microsemi
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
L7805CV
STMicroelectronics
L7805CV by STMicroelectronics is a fixed positive single output standard regulator with an output voltage of 5V and max current of 1.5A. It operates in temperatures ranging from 0 to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring stable voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
2N7002
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR;
SMBJ18CA
Telefunken Microelectronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BSS138-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. BSS138-7-F is a N-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, 0.2A max drain current, and 3.5 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications in small outline packages with matte tin finish, operating up to 150°C peak reflow temp.
4554
Jw Miller Magnetics
Other Semiconductors;
Silicon Standard
USB3320C-EZK-TR
Standard Microsystems
INTERFACE CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Changzhou Galaxy Century Microelectronics
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; No. of Terminals: 3;
BAV99WT1G
Onsemi
BAV99WT1G by Onsemi is a series connected diode with 0.006 us reverse recovery time. It is a small outline rectifier diode with 70V peak reverse voltage, ideal for surface mount applications in electronics requiring fast switching and low forward voltage drop.
M39029/58-360
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's M39029/58-360 is a CRIMP terminal backshell for 22-28 AWG wires, rated at 5A. Ideal for male contacts in Mil-Spec applications, it offers a cross-section area of 0.34 mm2 and ensures secure connections in demanding environments.
M39029/58360
Souriau-sunbank Connection Technologies
Souriau-sunbank's M39029/58360 is a MIL-Spec backshell with CRIMP contact type and male gender. It conforms to MIL-DTL-38999 standards, mates with M39029/56348 contacts, and requires M81969/14-01 insertion tools. Ideal for military applications requiring reliable crimp terminals.
1N4148
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
MBRS360T3G
MBRS360T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.63V and a max output current of 3A. It is designed for applications requiring high-speed switching and low power loss, making it suitable for use in various electronic devices.
BSS138W-7-F
Diodes Inc.'s BSS138W-7-F is a N-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, ideal for switching applications. It features single configuration with built-in diode, Gull Wing terminals, and operates in enhancement mode. With 0.2A max drain current and 3.5 ohm RDS(on), it's UL recognized and suitable for small outline packages at temperatures ranging from -55 to 150°C.
VSC8211XVW
Microchip VSC8211XVW is a network interface IC with 117 terminals in a rectangular package. It operates at temperatures from 0 to 100°C, drawing a max current of 324mA at 1.2V. This Ethernet transceiver supports data rates up to 1000Mbps, making it ideal for high-speed networking applications.
TJA1462ATK/0Z
NXP Semiconductors
NXP's TJA1462ATK/0Z is an AEC-Q100 compliant CAN FD transceiver with 8 Mbps data rate, operating from -40 to 150°C. It features a small outline package with 8 terminals and no lead terminal form, suitable for automotive network interfaces. With a nominal voltage of 5V and max supply current of 70mA, it offers reliable performance in harsh environments.
LAN8710A-EZC
LAN8710A-EZC by Microchip Technology is a 32-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate. Operating b/w 0-85°C, it's ideal for network interfaces in commercial applications. This square chip carrier has a terminal pitch of 0.5 mm and requires a nominal voltage of 1.2 V.
PCA82C251T/N3
PCA82C251T/N3 by NXP Semiconductors is a CAN transceiver with 5V supply, 78mA max current, and temp range -40 to 125°C. Ideal for automotive applications due to its small outline package and dual terminal position.
KSZ8841-16MVLI
KSZ8841-16MVLI by Microchip Tech is a Network Interface with 128 terminals, CMOS tech, and 100 Mbps data rate. It's used in support circuits for telecom ICs, operating at -40 to 85°C temp range in industrial settings.
MAX33041EASA+T
Maxim Integrated
CAN TRANSCEIVER; JESD-609 Code: e3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260;
14450R-500
Adesto Technologies
Network Interfaces;
SN65HVD232QD
SN65HVD232QD by Texas Instruments is a BICMOS technology interface circuit with 1Mbps data rate. It operates at 3.3V, suitable for automotive applications. This small outline package has 8 terminals and can withstand temperatures from -40 to 125°C.
ADM3054BRWZ
Analog Devices
ADM3054BRWZ by Analog Devices is a 16-terminal Ethernet transceiver with a data rate of 1 Mbps. Operating at -40 to 125°C, it has a supply voltage of 3.3V and consumes 0.075 mA max current. Ideal for automotive applications due to its DMOS technology and small outline package style.
LTC2875HS8#TRPBF
Linear Technology
INTERFACE CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
88E1512-XX-NNP2I000
Marvell Technology
Marvell's 88E1512-XX-NNP2I000 is a square-shaped Ethernet transceiver chip carrier with 56 terminals. It operates at a nominal voltage of 3.3V and is designed for network interfaces, suitable for surface mount applications in telecom equipment.
AR8033-AL1B
Qualcomm Atheros
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
KSZ8993MI
Micrel
LAN SWITCHING CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 128; Package Code: FQFP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DP83826ERHBR
DP83826ERHBR by Texas Instruments is an Ethernet transceiver with a data rate of 100Gbps. It operates at industrial temperature grades (-40 to 105°C) and has a supply voltage of 3.3V. The package style is chip carrier, suitable for network interfaces in various applications.
TCAN1042HGVDRQ1
TCAN1042HGVDRQ1 by Texas Instruments is an Ethernet transceiver with a data rate of 5 Mbps. It operates at temperatures ranging from -55 to 125°C and has a supply voltage of 5V. This network interface IC comes in a small outline package with dual terminals, suitable for military-grade applications.
TJA1027TK/20/1J
NXP Semiconductors' TJA1027TK/20/1J is a LIN transceiver with 12V supply voltage. It features AEC-Q100 screening, small outline package style, and dual terminal position. Ideal for automotive applications due to its compact size (3x3mm) and surface mount capability.
ISO1044BDR
ISO1044BDR by Texas Instruments is a Network Interface with 8 terminals in a small outline package. It operates b/w -40 to 125°C, suitable for automotive applications. Features include 1.8V supply voltage, 70mA max supply current, and Gull Wing terminal form.
KSZ8081RNBCA-TR
Microchip's KSZ8081RNBCA-TR is a 32-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at temperatures from 0 to 70°C. It features a square chip carrier package style with matte tin finish, suitable for network interfaces in commercial-grade telecom applications.
88E1512-A0-NNP2I000
Marvell's 88E1512-A0-NNP2I000 is a square-shaped, surface-mount Ethernet transceiver with 56 terminals. Operating at 1000 Mbps with a nominal voltage of 3.3 V, it is ideal for high-speed network interfaces in various telecom applications.
KSZ9897RTXI-TR
Microchip Technology's KSZ9897RTXI-TR is an Ethernet transceiver with 128 terminals, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It features a matte tin finish, quad terminal position, and thin profile package style. Ideal for industrial applications requiring reliable network interfaces in compact spaces.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
KSZ8081RNBIA-TR
Microchip Technology's KSZ8081RNBIA-TR is a 32-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at -40 to 85°C. It features a square chip carrier package style, matte tin finish, and terminal pitch of 0.5 mm. Ideal for industrial applications requiring reliable network interfaces in compact spaces.
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
KSZ8895MQXIA
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 128; Package Code: FQFP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Microchip Technology's KSZ8895MQXIA is an Ethernet switch with 5 transceivers, supporting data rate of 100 Mbps. It operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 °C) and has a supply voltage of 1.2 V. The package style is flatpack, fine pitch, with 128 terminals for surface mount applications.
KSZ8081RNAIA-TR
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
KSZ8081RNAIA-TR by Microchip is a 24-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at -40 to 85°C. It features a square chip carrier package style, matte tin finish, and very thin profile for industrial applications requiring reliable network interfaces.
KSZ8863RLLI
LAN SWITCHING CIRCUIT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
KSZ8995MAI
KSZ8895RQXIA
KSZ8895RQXIA by Microchip: 128 terminals, 5 transceivers, 100 Mbps data rate. Ideal for Ethernet switch applications in industrial settings. Operates b/w -40 to 85°C with a compact rectangular package design.
KSZ8863RLLI-TR
KSZ8081RNACA
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Microchip's KSZ8081RNACA is a 24-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at 3.3V. It features a square chip carrier package style, matte tin finish, and operates b/w 0-70°C. Ideal for network interfaces in commercial applications due to its compact size and low profile design.
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 32; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
KSZ8081RNACA-TR
Microchip's KSZ8081RNACA-TR is a 24-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at 0-70°C. It features a square chip carrier package style, matte tin finish, and 3.3V supply voltage. Ideal for network interfaces in commercial applications requiring a compact design and high-speed connectivity.
KSZ8081RNACATR
Micrel's KSZ8081RNACATR is a 3.3V Ethernet transceiver with 100Mbps data rate, ideal for network interfaces. It features a square surface mount package style with 24 terminals and operates b/w 0-70°C, making it suitable for commercial applications.
KSZ8081MNXIA-TR
Microchip Technology's KSZ8081MNXIA-TR is a 32-terminal Ethernet transceiver with 100 Mbps data rate, operating at -40 to 85°C. It features a square chip carrier package style, matte tin finish, and 3.3V supply voltage. Ideal for industrial applications requiring reliable network interfaces in compact spaces.
KSZ8795CLXIC
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 80; Package Code: LFQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved