Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
Median Price
$12.750
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
9
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Analog Devices Inc
1+ parts
$15.340
100+ parts
$10.459
1k+ parts
$9.579
10k+ parts
-
DigiKey
$17.430
$11.970
$11.219
Mouser Electronics
$17.950
$12.030
$11.360
Rochester
$10.160
$9.090
$8.550
Arrow
$8.999
$7.584
$7.350
Verical
$10.043
Digiode
$9.320
Vyrian
Anansix
Semicontronic
$7.650
$7.459
$7.420
Component Stockers USA
$8.360
$7.860
Corphita
$8.829
MARBEL Systems
$14.820
Texas Native Microelectronics
$17.035
$15.843
$14.991
Kenton Components
$20.442
$17.989
Microchip USA
$30.250
$29.820
$29.600
$29.390
Qasali Group International
$45.994
Northwest PG Solutions
$4.131
Native Components
Perfect Parts
Multiplexers & Switches DG528DJ+ attributes and parameters. Explore more Multiplexers & Switches devices from Maxim Integrated
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
No. of Channels:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Nominal Off-state Isolation:
Nominal On-state Resistance Match:
Maximum On-state Resistance (Ron):
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Maximum Switch-off Time:
Maximum Switch-on Time:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
Width (mm):
DG528DJ+ Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
Maxim Integrated is a leading provider of analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits for a range of industries, including automotive, industrial, communications, consumer, and computing. Founded in 1983 with headquarters in San Jose, California, Maxim has grown to become one of the world’s largest producers of integrated circuits due to its innovative solutions that solve customers’ toughest design challenges. Maxim's broad portfolio includes products such as power management solutions, high-voltage solutions, motor driver solutions, amplifiers and comparators, data converters and interface ICs. For over 35 years, Maxim has continued to push the boundaries of analog integration by providing innovative integrated circuit products that offer the industry’s highest performance and best quality. The company’s commitment to delivering cutting-edge technology enables customers to stay current with changing demands in the market. From automotive check engine lights to fitness trackers worn on the wrist – Maxim enables customers across multiple industries to create groundbreaking products through their advanced IC designs. Maxim Integrated is now officially part of Analog Devices.
President & CEO
Tunc Doluca
Senior VP & CFO
Brian C. White
Senior VP, Technology & Manufacturing Group
Vivek Jain
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
Philippines
Cavite
Wafer Capacity
489,000
USA
Beaverton
312,000
Thailand
Chon Buri
194,000
M39029/56-351
Carlisle Interconnect Technologies
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Contact Type: CRIMP; Removal Tools: M81969/8-06, M81969/14-02; IEC Conformity: NO; Contact Gender: FEMALE;
2N2222A
Micropac Industries
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
SMBJ18CA
Lite-on Semiconductor
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M39029/58-360
Fct Electronic
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; IEC Conformity: NO; Alternate Contact Sources: MILITARY; MIL Conformity: YES; Contact Gender: MALE; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT;
BAV99
Micro Commercial Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358MX
ROHM
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
STM32H743ZIT6
STMicroelectronics
STM32H743ZIT6 by STMicroelectronics is a 32-bit microcontroller with integrated cache and a max supply voltage of 3.6V. It is commonly used in industrial applications, offering features such as 21 timers, CAN and USB connectivity, and low power mode.
PIC18F4550T-I/PT
Microchip Technology
The Microchip Technology PIC18F4550T-I/PT microcontroller operates at a max clock frequency of 48 MHz with 8-bit architecture. It features 13-Ch 10-Bit ADC channels and USB connectivity, making it suitable for industrial applications requiring high-speed data processing and analog-to-digital conversion. With low power mode and flash ROM programmability, this device offers efficient performance in compact designs.
Jiangsu Jiejie Microelectronics
SS14
Continental Device India
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Sangdest Microelectronics (Nanjing)
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's M39029/56-351 is a CRIMP contact type backshell accessory with rated voltage of 115V. It operates b/w -65 to 175 °C, suitable for MIL-C-39029/56 connectors with wire gauge ranging from 28 to 22 AWG. Ideal for military applications requiring female contacts and copper alloy material.
LM555CMX
Texas Instruments
LM555CMX by Texas Instruments is an Analog Waveform Generation IC with 8 terminals. It operates at a nominal voltage of 5V and supports power supplies ranging from 5V to 15V. This versatile IC, housed in a small outline package, is commonly used for pulse and rectangular waveform generation in commercial temperature environments.
B340A-13-F
Diodes Incorporated
B340A-13-F by Diodes Inc. is a Schottky rectifier diode with 40V reverse test voltage, 3A max output current, and 0.5V max forward voltage. It is used for efficiency applications in electronics due to its small outline package and high operating temperature range of -55°C to 150°C.
OHN3020U
Tt Electronics Plc
OHN3020U by Tt Electronics Plc is a magnetic field sensor with a max supply voltage of 24V and hysteresis of 5mT. It features an output range of 25mA and operates in temperatures ranging from -20 to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring precise detection and measurement of magnetic fields, such as automotive sensors or industrial automation systems.
BSS138
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Terminal Position: DUAL;
LM317T
Sgs-ates Componenti Electronici S P A
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; JESD-609 Code: e0; Terminal Position: SINGLE; Adjustability: ADJUSTABLE; Maximum Load Regulation (%): 1.5 %;
LM555CN
Intersil
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
MMBT2222ALT1G
Rochester Electronics
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .3 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .6 A;
LM107H/883C
National Semiconductor
LM107H/883C by National Semiconductor is a MILITARY-grade Operational Amplifier with +-5/+-15V supplies. Featuring 2000uV max input offset voltage, it operates from -55 to 125 °C. Ideal for applications requiring VOLTAGE-FEEDBACK architecture and frequency compensation.
CD74HC4067M
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
ADG452BRZ-REEL
Analog Devices
ADG452BRZ-REEL by Analog Devices is a CMOS SPST multiplexer with 4 functions, 16 terminals, and 5V nominal voltage. It operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 °C) and offers low on-state resistance (12 ohm). Ideal for applications requiring precise signal switching in compact designs.
ADG1419BCPZ-REEL7
ADG1419BCPZ-REEL7 by Analog Devices is a SPDT multiplexer with 8 terminals, operating voltage of +-5/+-15/12V. It has a max on-state resistance of 3.2 ohm and switching time of 140 ns. Ideal for automotive applications due to its BICMOS technology and high off-state isolation of 64 dB.
ADG709BRUZ
ADG709BRUZ by Analog Devices is a 16-terminal CMOS multiplexer with a max operating temperature of 125°C. It features a common output, differential multiplexer type, and small outline thin profile package style. Ideal for automotive applications due to its break-before-make switching and high off-state isolation of 60 dB.
ISL84781IRZ-T
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
DG408DY-T1
Temic Semiconductors
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
ADG5404BRUZ-REEL7
ADG5404BRUZ-REEL7 by Analog Devices is a CMOS multiplexer with 4 channels, 16 ohm max resistance, and 78 dB isolation. It operates in automotive grade applications at -40 to 125 °C, with a supply voltage range of +-9/+-22 V. Ideal for signal switching in compact designs due to its small outline package.
TS5A21366DCURG4
SPST; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; Terminal Finish: NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; JESD-609 Code: e4;
TS5A23159DGST
TS5A23159DGST by Texas Instruments is a 2-channel SPDT switch with 1.8/5 V power supplies, 3.5 ohm Ron, and 105 kHz bandwidth. Ideal for industrial applications requiring low on-state resistance and high isolation levels in a compact thin profile package.
PCA9548APW,112
NXP Semiconductors
PCA9548APW,112 by NXP Semiconductors is an 8-channel multiplexer with a supply voltage range of 2.3V to 5.5V and on-state resistance of 55 ohm. It features separate outputs, 0.3ns switch-on/off times, and operates b/w -40°C to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring signal routing in compact spaces due to its small outline package design.
ADG706BRUZ
ADG706BRUZ by Analog Devices is a 28-terminal SPST multiplexer with 16 channels. It operates at -40 to 85°C, with a max on-state resistance of 4.5 ohm and switching time of 50 ns. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high-speed signal switching in compact designs.
HMC8038LP4CETR
Analog Devices' HMC8038LP4CETR is a 16-terminal SPDT multiplexer with a 3-5.4V supply range, operating from -40 to 105°C. Its square chip carrier package makes it ideal for industrial applications requiring precise signal switching in compact spaces.
ADG5412FBRUZ
ADG5412FBRUZ by Analog Devices is a 4-function SPST switch with a max on-state resistance of 11.2 ohm and nominal off-state isolation of 70 dB. It operates in automotive-grade temperatures from -40 to 125 °C, making it ideal for applications requiring high reliability and precision switching in harsh environments. With a small outline package style and dual terminal position, this switch is suitable for compact designs where space is limited.
SN74LV4052ATPWRQ1
SN74LV4052ATPWRQ1 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS differential multiplexer with 2 channels, operating at a supply voltage range of 2V to 5.5V. It features a max on-state resistance of 225 ohm, fast switch-on/off times of 25 ns, and an off-state isolation of 45 dB. Ideal for industrial applications requiring precise signal routing in compact spaces.
DG411DY-E3
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's DG411DY-E3 is a CMOS SPST switch with 4 functions, 35 ohm Ron, and 220 ns switch-on time. Ideal for industrial applications, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C with a peak reflow temperature of 260°C. This small outline package has separate outputs and offers 68 dB isolation at ±15 V supplies.
TS5A23159DGSR
TS5A23159DGSR by Texas Instruments is a 2-channel SPDT switch with 1.8/5 V power supplies, 3.5 ohm Ron, and 105 kHz bandwidth. Ideal for industrial applications requiring separate outputs and high isolation levels. Package style: small outline, thin profile, shrink pitch; terminal finish: nickel palladium gold.
CD74HC4051PWRE4
CD74HC4051PWRE4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS single-ended multiplexer with 8 channels. It operates at temperatures from -55 to 125 °C and has a max on-state resistance of 130 ohm. Ideal for applications requiring signal switching in military-grade environments.
TS3USB221ERSER
TS3USB221ERSER by Texas Instruments is a 2-channel differential multiplexer with 10 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. It features a nominal bandwidth of 1000 kHz, on-state resistance of 6 ohm, and break-before-make switching. Ideal for industrial applications requiring separate outputs and high off-state isolation.
ADG1636BRUZ-REEL
ADG1636BRUZ-REEL by Analog Devices is a CMOS SPST switch with 2 functions, 16 terminals, and 1.2 ohm on-state resistance. It operates at -40 to 125 °C and has a small outline package for automotive applications requiring separate outputs.
ADG508AKRZ-REEL
ADG508AKRZ-REEL by Analog Devices is a CMOS single-ended multiplexer with 8 channels. It operates at a nominal voltage of 15V and has a max on-state resistance of 450 ohm. With a small outline package style, it is ideal for industrial applications requiring precise signal switching in compact spaces.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
DG528CWN+T
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
DG529EWN+T
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
DG528CJ+
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
DG529CWN+T
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
DG528CWN+
DG528EWN+T
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
DG528DJ+
DG529CWN+
DG529CJ+
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
DG529AZ/883B
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Code: QCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
DG528EWN+
Maxim Integrated
DG528AZ/883B
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1;
DG528DJ
DG528DK
DG528AK/883B
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
DG528CCWN+
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): NOT SPECIFIED;
DG528CWN
DG528C/D
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 18; Package Code: DIE; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
DG528EWN
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved