Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Terminal Finish: Tin (Sn);
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
1
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Component Stockers USA
$5.580
AZTECH Wire
$11.780
Non-linear Resistors V20E175PL1T7 attributes and parameters. Explore more Non-linear Resistors devices from Littelfuse
Maximum Circuit DC Voltage:
Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage:
Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity:
JESD-609 Code:
Mounting Type:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Shape (Package):
Packing Method:
Rated Power Dissipation (P):
Rated Temperature:
Reference Standard:
Resistor Type:
Sub-Category:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Placement:
Terminal Shape:
Operating Voltage:
V20E175PL1T7 Resistors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8533.40.40.00
SB
8533.40.00.80
PCN Design/Specification - Mult Dev Marking Chg 17/May/2019 Radial MOV Taping/Lead Trim 30/Jun/2017
Littelfuse is a diversified industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Across more than 20 countries, and with approximately 18,000 global associates, we partner with customers to design and deliver innovative, reliable solutions. Serving over 100,000 end customers, our products are found in a variety of industrial, transportation, and electronics end markets—everywhere, every day. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States, Littelfuse was founded in 1927.
BAV99
Bytesonic Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SMBJ18CA
STMicroelectronics
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SS14
Eic Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
AMS1117-3.3
Advanced Monolithic Systems
AMS1117-3.3 by Advanced Monolithic Systems is a fixed positive single output LDO regulator with 1A max output current, 3% voltage tolerance, and 1.3V dropout voltage. Ideal for applications requiring stable 3.3V supply in compact designs due to its small outline package and excellent load regulation of 0.025%.
1N4148WS
Changzhou Starsea Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N7002
Promax-johnton
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance: 7.5 ohm; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V;
CRCW040210K0FKED
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW040210K0FKED is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.063 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics due to its compact SMT package style and high operating temperature range of -55 to 155 °C.
08055C104KAT4A
KYOCERA AVX
08055C104KAT4A by KYOCERA AVX is a ceramic capacitor with 0.1uF capacitance, rated for 50V. With X7R temperature characteristics and -55 to 125 °C operating range, it's ideal for SMT applications requiring compact size and high reliability. The wraparound terminals and multi-layer design make it suitable for various electronic circuits.
BSS123,215
NXP Semiconductors
NXP Semiconductors' BSS123,215 is a N-CHANNEL FET for SWITCHING applications. Features include 100V DS Breakdown Voltage, 0.17A Drain Current, and 6 ohm On Resistance. With GULL WING terminals and ENHANCEMENT MODE operation, it's ideal for small outline packages in various electronic devices.
MBRA160T3G
Onsemi
MBRA160T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max output current of 1A and forward voltage of 0.51V. It operates b/w -55 to 150°C, has a reverse test voltage of 60V, and is ideal for power applications due to its high efficiency and small outline package style.
Weitronic Enterprise
LM107H
Raytheon Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Low-Offset: NO;
TCA6424ARGJR
Texas Instruments
TCA6424ARGJR by Texas Instruments is a CMOS parallel I/O port with 24 bits and 3 ports. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. With a max clock frequency of 0.4 MHz, it offers low power consumption at only 0.03 mA supply current.
Microsemi
ULN2803A
Rochester Electronics
NPN; Configuration: 8 BANKS, DARLINGTON WITH BUILT-IN DIODE AND RESISTOR; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .5 A; Additional Features: LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE; Qualification: Not Qualified;
AT90CAN128-16AU
Atmel
MICROCONTROLLER, RISC; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: TQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
1N4148WSF-7
Diodes Incorporated
1N4148WSF-7 by Diodes Inc. is a single silicon rectifier diode with max output current of 0.25A and max reverse voltage of 100V. It operates b/w -55 to 150°C, has a small outline package style, and is suitable for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits.
1N4148
Diotec Semiconductor Ag
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
Cheng-yi Electronic
Multicomp Pro
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
RXEF050-1
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's RXEF050-1 is a PTC resettable fuse with 72V URac. It has a rated power dissipation of 0.77W and max operating temp of 85°C. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, it features radial terminal placement in a disk package for through-hole mounting.
1210L005WR
Littelfuse
1210L005WR by Littelfuse is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 3.6 ohm and operating voltage of 30V. It is used for overcurrent protection, featuring dual-ended terminals in a rectangular SMT package. With a temperature range from -40 to 85°C, it meets CUL, TUV, and UL standards for various applications.
RXEF090-2
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Terminal Placement: RADIAL; JESD-609 Code: e3; No. of Terminals: 2;
RUEF250U
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: .02 ohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Terminal Shape: WIRE; Package Style (Meter): Radial;
ERTJ0EV104F
Panasonic
ERTJ0EV104F by Panasonic is a non-linear resistor with a resistance of 100000 ohm and a tolerance of 1%. It is used for temperature compensation, with a rated temperature range of -40 to 125 °C.
B57237S0100M000
TDK
TDK B57237S0100M000 is a NTC thermistor with 10 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 3.1 W power dissipation. It is used for soft start applications at temperatures ranging from -55°C to 170°C. The radial package has a height of 22 mm, length of 15 mm, and width of 7 mm for through-hole mounting.
B72214P2321K101
B72214P2321K101 by TDK is a VARISTOR with 150J energy capacity, 320V RMS voltage, and 420V operating voltage. Ideal for surge protection in applications requiring high energy absorption like power supplies and industrial equipment due to its METAL OXIDE technology and DUAL ENDED terminal placement.
V430CH8
V430CH8 by Littelfuse is a varistor with 8J energy capacity, rated for 125°C temp. Ideal for surge protection in circuits with max operating voltage of 369V. Features SMT package style, dual-ended terminals, and metal oxide technology.
B72660M0171K072
B72660M0171K072 by TDK is a VARISTOR with METAL OXIDE FILM tech. It has 2 terminals, DUAL placement, and J BEND shape. With a max energy capacity of 13J, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C. Ideal for SURFACE MOUNT applications, it handles up to 225V operating voltage in RECTANGULAR DO-214var package.
B72207S0500K101
The TDK B72207S0500K101 is a VARISTOR with a max energy absorbing capacity of 4.2 J and a max circuit RMS voltage of 50 V. It is commonly used in non-linear resistor applications to protect against voltage surges.
RUEF135-2
TE Connectivity's RUEF135-2 is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.13 ohm and rated power dissipation of 0.8W. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, it has a max operating temperature of 85°C and min of -40°C. With radial terminal placement and rectangular package shape, it offers reliable protection at rated AC voltage of 30V.
TRF250-180-2
TE Connectivity's TRF250-180-2 is a PTC resettable fuse with 4 ohm resistance and 1.5 W power dissipation. It is used for temperature sensing applications, featuring radial terminal placement and disk package shape. With a rated AC voltage of 100 V, it operates b/w -40 to 85 °C temperatures.
MF-SM100-2-99
Bourns
The Bourns MF-SM100-2-99 is a PTC resettable fuse with a resistance of 0.48 ohm and rated AC voltage of 30V. It is used for overload protection in various applications, featuring dual-ended terminal placement and a rectangular package shape.
RUEF110-2
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: .17 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .7 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin/Copper (Sn/Cu);
B57164-K103-J
TDK's B57164-K103-J NTC Thermistor has a resistance of 10000 ohm with 5% tolerance. It operates b/w -55°C to 125°C, making it ideal for temperature compensation applications. With a rated power dissipation of 0.45W and thermal sensitivity index of 4300K, it is suitable for through hole mounting in various electronic devices.
RUEF250S
TE Connectivity's RUEF250S is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.07 ohm and rated power dissipation of 1.2W. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, it features radial terminal placement and dimensions of 11.4mm x 3mm x 17.5mm, operating at a max temperature of 85°C.
RUEF400-2
TE Connectivity's RUEF400-2 is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.05 ohm and rated power dissipation of 2.5W. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, it has a max operating temperature of 85°C and min of -40°C. With radial terminal placement and rectangular package shape, it is designed for through hole mounting.
B57703M0103G040
B57703M0103G040 by TDK is a NTC thermistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 2% tolerance, and 125°C max operating temp. Ideal for temperature sensing applications due to its thermal sensitivity index of 3988 K. Features radial terminal placement and chassis mounting type.
2920L330/24MR
2920L330/24MR by Littelfuse is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.015 ohm and operating voltage of 24V. It is used for overcurrent protection in various applications due to its dual-ended terminal placement and rectangular SMT package design. With a temperature range from -40°C to 85°C, it meets CUL, TUV, and UL standards.
B72220S2421K101
B72220S2421K101 by TDK is a VARISTOR with 420V RMS and 560V DC max circuit voltage. It has a METAL OXIDE FILM tech, 273J energy capacity, and operates b/w -40 to 105°C. Ideal for surge protection in various electronic applications due to its high energy absorption and temperature range.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
V20E25P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 25 V; Length (Package): 23 mm;
V20E320PL1T
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; Packing Method: TR;
V20E320PL1T7
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Shape (Package): DISK PACKAGE; Minimum Operating Temperature: -55 Cel;
V20E320PL1TX2855
VARISTOR; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: TIN OVER NICKEL;
V20E320PL1B7
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 273 J; Packing Method: BULK;
V20E275P
V20E275P by Littelfuse is a VARISTOR with 275V RMS and 350V DC max circuit voltage. It offers surge protection with 190J energy absorption capacity, suitable for through-hole mounting in applications requiring radial terminal placement. Operating temperature ranges from -55°C to 125°C, making it ideal for various electronic devices needing reliable overvoltage protection.
V20E50PL1T
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Maximum Circuit DC Voltage: 65 V;
V20E50PL2T
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Package Style (Meter): Radial; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 80 J;
V20E275
V20E275 by Littelfuse is a VARISTOR with 275V max RMS voltage and 350V operating voltage. With a rated power dissipation of 1W, it has a max energy absorption capacity of 190J. Ideal for surge protection applications in electronics due to its metal oxide film technology and radial package shape.
Intersil
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 275 V; Operating Voltage: 350 V; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; JESD-609 Code: e0;
V20E320P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Height (Package): 26.5 mm; Thermistor Application: SURGE PROTECTION;
V20E510P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Technology: METAL OXIDE; Height (Package): 28 mm;
V20E550P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 370 J; Width (Package): 8.3 mm;
V20E40P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Packing Method: Bulk; Reference Standard: CUL, TUV, UL;
V20E420P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 420 V;
V20E250P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Maximum Circuit DC Voltage: 320 V; Shape (Package): DISK PACKAGE;
V20E30P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Packing Method: Bulk;
V20E130L3B1
Renesas Electronics
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Package Style (Meter): Radial; Maximum Circuit DC Voltage: 170 V; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 130 V; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 100 J;
V20E130L3B5
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Circuit DC Voltage: 170 V; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 100 J; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; Operating Voltage: 170 V;
V20E130L3A5
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Operating Voltage: 170 V; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 130 V; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 100 J; Package Style (Meter): Radial;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved