Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
Median Price
$0.647
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
39
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Rochester
1+ parts
-
100+ parts
1k+ parts
$0.537
10k+ parts
$0.479
Nova Conductors
$0.312
TEDSS.com
$0.480
Digiode
$0.504
Bristol Electronics
Chip Stock
Vyrian
R&J Components
Anansix
Inland Empire Components Inc.
ComSIT Distribution GmbH
PAR Electronics
Electronic Expediters
Holdelec - ElecDif-Pro
Odintec Ltd.
Diverse Electronics
J & M Industries LLC
ECAB
J2 Sourcing AB
A2Z Electronics, Inc.
Semi Source
Component Sense
$0.295
Q Components
Prism Electronics
Cyclops Electronics Ltd
Ashlea Components Ltd
Halfin
Mil-Aero Solutions, Inc.
Elcom Components
Odi Ramu Company
Corel Iberica Componentes, S.L.
LWI Electronics Inc
Lakeland Logistics Inc
Inventory MP
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Euro-Tech
Legend Electronics Inc.
GES GmbH
PC Components Company LLC
Argo Parts USA
$0.303
Continental Prestige Electronics
$0.306
Netroflash
$0.297
$0.291
Ampacity Inc.
$0.451
Semicontronic
$0.440
$0.437
Corphita
$0.478
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$3.654
AZTECH Wire
$9.179
Metaverse IC Inc.
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Glotronic Ltd.
Supply Digital
Perfect Parts
Assy Fe
Kepictronics
Multiplexers & Switches MM74HC4053N attributes and parameters. Explore more Multiplexers & Switches devices from Fairchild Semiconductor
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup):
No. of Channels:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Nominal Off-state Isolation:
Nominal On-state Resistance Match:
Maximum On-state Resistance (Ron):
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Power Supplies (V):
Qualification:
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Signal Current:
Sub-Category:
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Maximum Switch-off Time:
Maximum Switch-on Time:
Switching (V):
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Width (mm):
MM74HC4053N Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
In 2016 Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor (after 2022, onsemi). Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. Schlumberger bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to National Semiconductor in 1987; Fairchild was spun off as an independent company again in 1997. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor. The company had locations in the United States at San Jose, California; San Rafael, California; South Portland, Maine; West Jordan, Utah; and Mountaintop, Pennsylvania. Outside the US it operated locations in Australia;[4] Singapore; Bucheon, South Korea; Penang, Malaysia; Suzhou, China; and Cebu, Philippines, among others.
LM317T/NOPB
National Semiconductor
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TO-220; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-609 Code: e3; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N2222A
Semitronics
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
CRCW080510K0FKEA
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW080510K0FKEA is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and -55 to 155 °C operating temperature range.
1N4148
Eic Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
MBR0520LT1G
Onsemi
MBR0520LT1G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.385V and output current of 0.5A. It operates b/w -65°C to 125°C, has a peak reflow temperature of 260°C, and a repetitive peak reverse voltage of 20V. This diode is ideal for applications requiring high-speed switching in compact electronic devices.
LL4148
Surge Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
L7805CV
Sgs-ates Componenti Electronici S P A
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; Maximum Input Voltage Absolute: 35 V; Maximum Voltage Tolerance: 5 %; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb); Nominal Output Voltage-1: 5 V;
SMBJ18CA
Littelfuse
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Iskra Semic Capacitors Industry
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Operating Temperature: 200 Cel; JESD-609 Code: e0; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: 2 A;
LM107H/883
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Technology: BIPOLAR;
EPCS4SI8N
Altera
CONFIGURATION MEMORY; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Parallel or Serial: SERIAL;
2N7002
STMicroelectronics
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .35 W; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .2 A; Transistor Application: SWITCHING;
M39029/56-351
Glenair
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Associated Backshell Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Material: COPPER ALLOY; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Contact Gender: FEMALE; DIN Conformity: NO;
MBRS130LT3G
Rochester Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: J BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MBRA160T3G
MBRA160T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max output current of 1A and forward voltage of 0.51V. It operates b/w -55 to 150°C, has a reverse test voltage of 60V, and is ideal for power applications due to its high efficiency and small outline package style.
2N7002 by Vishay Intertechnology is a N-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, 0.115A Drain Current, and 7.5 ohm On Resistance. Ideal for SWITCHING applications due to its SINGLE configuration with BUILT-IN DIODE. Operates in ENHANCEMENT MODE, suitable for surface mount with GULL WING terminals.
Microsemi
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE): 30; No. of Elements: 1;
1N4148WS
Yangzhou Yangjie Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BSS138
Philips Semiconductors
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel;
DG407DYZ-T
Intersil
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3; Peak Reflow Temperature (C): 260; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30;
PCA9548ABSHP
NXP Semiconductors
NXP Semiconductors' PCA9548ABSHP is an 8-channel multiplexer with a supply voltage range of 2.3V to 5.5V, low on-state resistance of 55 ohm, and fast switch-on/off times of 0.3 ns. Ideal for applications requiring separate outputs in a compact square chip carrier package with surface mount capability.
7705201EA
Harris Semiconductor
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
CD4052BPWRE4
Texas Instruments
CD4052BPWRE4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS differential multiplexer with 4 channels. It operates at temperatures ranging from -55 to 125°C and has a max supply voltage of 20V. With a package size of 5x4.4mm, it is suitable for military-grade applications requiring low power consumption and high on-state resistance match.
CD4051BE
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO; JESD-30 Code: R-PDIP-T16;
CD74HCT4067ME4
CD74HCT4067ME4 by Texas Instruments is a 24-terminal CMOS multiplexer with 5V supply voltage. It offers separate output, 270 ohm on-state resistance, and 89 kHz nominal bandwidth. Ideal for military-grade applications requiring high-speed signal switching in compact spaces.
MAX14866UTM+T
Analog Devices
MAX14866UTM+T by Analog Devices is a SPST switch with 110 terminals, operating at 5V. With a max on-state resistance of 13 ohm and off-state isolation of 75 dB, it's ideal for applications requiring precise switching in temperature range of 0-85°C.
CD74HC4053PWRG4
CD74HC4053PWRG4 by Texas Instruments is a CMOS technology-based multiplexer with 3 channels, offering a max bandwidth of 180 kHz. It operates within a temperature range of -55 to 125 °C and has a low on-state resistance of 130 ohm. Ideal for applications requiring signal switching in military-grade environments.
MAX4565EWP+
MAX4565EWP+ by Analog Devices is a 4-function audio/video switch with 60 ohm Ron, 150 ns switch-on time, and 100 ns switch-off time. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C and has a terminal pitch of 1.27 mm. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high isolation and low resistance match.
MAX4886ETO+T
Analog Devices' MAX4886ETO+T is a 4-function multiplexer with 42 terminals, operating at -40 to 85°C. With a supply voltage of 3-3.6V, it offers separate outputs and low on-state resistance of 11 ohm. Ideal for industrial applications requiring audio/video switching in compact spaces.
HEF4051BT,653
Nexperia
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MAX14777GTP+T
Maxim Integrated
SPST; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 20; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE; Surface Mount: YES;
ADG333ABRSZ-REEL
ADG333ABRSZ-REEL by Analog Devices is a SPDT multiplexer with 4 functions, operating at -40 to 85°C. It has a max on-state resistance of 45 ohm and offers separate outputs. Ideal for industrial applications requiring precise signal switching in compact designs.
MAX4709ESE+
MAX4709ESE+ by Analog Devices is a 4-channel differential multiplexer with CMOS technology. It operates at a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 20V and offers a max on-state resistance of 400 ohm. With industrial temperature grade, it's ideal for applications requiring high-speed switching in various electronic systems.
DG212CJ
SPST; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
ADG714BRUZ
ADG714BRUZ by Analog Devices is an 8-function multiplexer with a supply voltage range of 2.25V to 2.75V. It has a small outline, thin profile package style and can operate in industrial temperature conditions (-40°C to +85°C). This multiplexer is commonly used in applications requiring signal routing and switching.
TPS2116DRLR
TPS2116DRLR by Texas Instruments is a dual-channel single-ended multiplexer with a max on-state resistance of 0.04 ohm and common output. It operates b/w -40 to 125°C, making it suitable for automotive applications. This small outline switch has a terminal pitch of 0.5mm and can handle supply voltages from 1.6V to 5.5V efficiently.
74HC4067PW-Q100J
Nexperia 74HC4067PW-Q100J is a 16-channel multiplexer with AEC-Q100 screening for automotive applications. Features include 180 ohm max on-state resistance, 450 ns switch-on time, and -40 to 125°C operating temperature range. Ideal for compact designs requiring high-performance signal routing in harsh environments.
74LVC1G3157GV,125
NXP Semiconductors' 74LVC1G3157GV,125 is a CMOS single-ended multiplexer with 2 channels. It operates at a supply voltage range of 1.65V to 5.5V and has a max on-state resistance of 38 ohm. With a small outline package style, it is ideal for automotive applications requiring fast switching times and low power consumption.
ADG1606BRUZ-REEL7
ADG1606BRUZ-REEL7 by Analog Devices is a 16-channel CMOS multiplexer with 5V supply voltage, -40 to 125 °C operating temperature range. It features a max on-state resistance of 7.5 ohm and common output. Ideal for automotive applications due to its small outline package and high isolation of 62 dB.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
MM74HC4066N
Fairchild Semiconductor
SPST; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
MM74HC4066N by National Semiconductor is a CMOS SPST switch with 4 functions, 14 terminals, and a supply voltage range of 2-12V. It operates in industrial temperatures (-40 to 85°C) with low supply current (0.08mA). Ideal for applications requiring fast switching (20ns on, 36ns off) and high isolation (42dB).
MM74HC4053N
MM74HC4053MX
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4053MTCX
DIFFERENTIAL MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4066MTCX
SPST; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4066MTCX by National Semi is a CMOS SPST IC with 4 functions, 170 ohm Ron, and 0.08 mA Isup. Ideal for industrial applications, it operates b/w -40 to 85 °C with 20 ns switch-on time. With PLASTIC/EPOXY body and GULL WING terminals, it's a versatile choice for multiplexing tasks.
MM74HC4053MTCX_NL
MM74HC4316SJ
SPST; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4316SJX
MM74HC4051J
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
MM74HC4052M
MM74HC4051MTCX
SINGLE-ENDED MULTIPLEXER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4051MTC
MM74HC4051SJ
MM74HC4051WMX
MM74HC4051WM
MM74HC4053M
MM74HC4053WMX
SPDT; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MM74HC4051MTCX_NL
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved