Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Bourns 3313J-1-100E is a CERMET variable resistor with 10 ohm resistance, linear law, and 20% tolerance. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and operating voltage of 200V. With a temperature coefficient of 150 ppm/°C, it operates b/w -55 to 125 °C.
Median Price
$1.570
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
9
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Mouser Electronics
1+ parts
100+ parts
$1.100
1k+ parts
$0.904
10k+ parts
$0.792
Chip Stock
-
Sunrise Surplus Inc.
North Shore Components
Inventory MP
Bristol Electronics
Nova Conductors
Semi Source
ZD Integrated Circuits Inc.
Authorized Procurement Solutions
iodParts Technologies Inc.
Argo Parts USA
Continental Prestige Electronics
Kepictronics
Aranea Global
With a rated temperature of 70°C, this variable resistor can withstand a wide range of operating temperatures, making it versatile and suitable for various applications.
The 10 ohm resistance value provides precise control and adjustment of electrical circuits, ensuring accurate performance in different electronic devices.
CERMET technology offers high reliability and stability, making this variable resistor a durable choice for long-term use in electronic applications.
With a tolerance of 20%, this variable resistor provides a consistent and reliable performance, ensuring accurate and predictable results in electronic circuits.
The high maximum operating temperature of 125°C allows this variable resistor to function effectively in challenging environments without compromising performance.
The surface mounting type offers easy installation and space-saving design, making it convenient for integration into compact electronic devices.
Variable Resistors 3313J-1-100E attributes and parameters. Explore more Variable Resistors devices from Bourns
Orientation (Actuator):
Type (Actuator):
Construction:
Ganging Number:
JESD-609 Code:
Mounting Type:
No. of Terminals:
No. of Turns:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Height (Package):
Length (Package):
Shape (Package):
Package Style (Meter):
Width (Package):
Packing Method:
Rated Power Dissipation (P):
Rated Temperature:
Reference Standard:
Resistance:
Law Of Resistance:
Resistor Type:
Angle Of Rotation:
Size Code:
Sub-Category:
Technology:
Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel):
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Shape:
Tolerance:
Operating Voltage:
3313J-1-100E Resistors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8533.40.80.50
SB
8533.40.00.80
PCN Design/Specification - 3313 Model 18/Jan/2012
Bourns, Inc. is an American electronics company that develops, manufactures and supplies electronic components for a variety of industries including automotive, industrial, instrumentation, medical electronics, consumer equipment and portable electronics. Established in Altadena, California in 1947 by Marlan and Rosemary Bourns, graduates of the University of Michigan, the company was founded to develop and sell electronic components and sensors to the aerospace industry. Bourns has 15 manufacturing facilities around the world and has continued growing through the development of new products and technologies as well as through acquisitions. The company has approximately 9000 employees worldwide.
1N4148WS
Diodes Incorporated
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LL4148-GS08
Vishay Intertechnology
The Vishay Intertechnology LL4148-GS08 is a glass diode with fast recovery time of 0.008 us and max reverse current of 5 uA. Ideal for applications requiring rectification, it has a breakdown voltage of 100 V and can handle a peak forward current of 2 A.
M39029/58-360
Itt Cannon
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Alternate Contacts: 030-2042-000; DIN Conformity: NO; Contact Gender: MALE; Terminal Type: WIRE; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT;
BSS123-7-F
BSS123-7-F by Diodes Inc. is a N-channel FET with 100V DS breakdown voltage and 0.17A drain current. Ideal for switching applications, it features a single configuration with built-in diode, operates in enhancement mode, and has a max power dissipation of 0.3W.
Conesys
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Mating Contacts: M39029/57-354; Terminal Type: CRIMP; DIN Conformity: NO; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT;
LM555CN
Fairchild Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
SS14
Microsemi
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM107H
Raytheon Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Low-Offset: NO;
CL10B104KB8NNNC
Samsung Electro-mechanics
CL10B104KB8NNNC by Samsung Electro-mechanics is a ceramic capacitor with capacitance of 0.1uF and rated DC voltage of 50V. It has a negative tolerance of 10% and temperature coefficient of 15ppm/°C, suitable for surface mount applications in various electronic devices. With dimensions of 1.6mm x 0.8mm x 0.9mm, it operates b/w -55 to 125 °C providing stable performance in compact designs.
M85049/85-08W02
Amphenol
CIRCULAR CONN ACCESSORY; Shell Sizes: 8; 9; IEC Conformity: NO; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: BAND LOCK ADAPTER; MIL Conformity: YES; DIN Conformity: NO;
LM358MX
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Daco Semiconductor
LM358AN
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M24308/2-1F
Cinch Connectivity Solutions
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 1750VAC; No. of Connectors: ONE; Body Depth: .375 inch;
Intersil
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Nominal Common Mode Reject Ratio: 96 dB;
SMBJ18CA
Db Lectro
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
BSS138-7-F
Diodes Inc. BSS138-7-F is a N-channel FET with 50V DS breakdown voltage, 0.2A max drain current, and 3.5 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications in small outline packages with matte tin finish, operating up to 150°C peak reflow temp.
BSS138
Infineon Technologies
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Maximum Drain Current (Abs) (ID): .2 A; Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss): 8 pF;
Uniohm
General Instrument
27ESA502MMF50N
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's 27ESA502MMF50N is a linear carbon film potentiometer with 5000 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 0.4W power dissipation. It features a circular package, horizontal actuator orientation, and shaft actuator type. Ideal for applications requiring precise voltage control in electronic circuits.
T93YA502KT20
Vishay Intertechnology's T93YA502KT20 is a linear trimmer resistor with a resistance of 5000 ohm and a tolerance of 10%. It is commonly used in PCB mount applications where precise resistance adjustment is required.
3296W-1-105LF
Bourns
Bourns 3296W-1-105LF is a CERMET multi-turn trimmer resistor with 25 turns, 1000000 ohm resistance, and linear law. It has a rated power dissipation of 0.5 W and operates at temperatures from -55 to 125 °C. Ideal for applications requiring precise resistance adjustments in electronic circuits.
91A2A-B28-B15/B15L
Bourns 91A2A-B28-B15/B15L is a single turn potentiometer with 10000 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 1W power dissipation. Constructed with conductive plastic technology, it has a temperature coefficient of 1000 ppm/°C. Ideal for PCB mount applications in environments ranging from -40 to 125 °C.
PTV09A-4025F-B103
Bourns PTV09A-4025F-B103 is a 10000 ohm POTENTIOMETER with 20% Tolerance, suitable for PCB Mounting. It operates b/w -10 to 50 °C and has a rated power dissipation of 0.05 W. Ideal for applications requiring precise resistance adjustment in compact spaces.
RK097111TD2M
Alps Electric
POTENTIOMETER; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: 10000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .05 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 70 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
RV4NAYSD103A
Honeywell Sensing And Control
RV4NAYSD103A by Honeywell Sensing And Control is a 10000 ohm linear potentiometer with 3 lug terminals. It has a shaft actuator, circular package shape, and conductive plastic technology. Ideal for panel mounting applications with a rated power dissipation of 2W and operating temperature range from -55 to 120°C.
3296Y-1-203LF
Bourns 3296Y-1-203LF is a 20000 ohm, 25-turn linear cermet trimmer resistor with 10% tolerance. Operating voltage of 300V and rated power dissipation of 0.5W make it suitable for precise circuit adjustments in various electronic applications. With a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C, it can operate b/w -55 to 125 °C effectively.
3296Z-1-502LF
Bourns 3296Z-1-502LF is a CERMET trimmer resistor with 5000 ohm resistance, 25 turns, and linear resistance law. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C and has a tolerance of 10%. Ideal for applications requiring precise voltage adjustments in electronic circuits.
T7YB103MT20
Vishay Intertechnology's T7YB103MT20 is a CERMET variable resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 0.5 W power dissipation. Ideal for PCB mounting applications, it operates b/w -55 to 125 °C with a linear law of resistance. The screw-type actuator allows for precise adjustments in various electronic circuits.
73JB50K
73JB50K by Honeywell Sensing And Control is a linear wire wound potentiometer with 50000 ohm resistance, 3 terminals, and 5% tolerance. It has a circular package shape and vertical actuator orientation for chassis mount applications. Operating temperature ranges from -40 to 120 °C with a rated power dissipation of 2W.
M63M201KB30T607
Vishay Intertechnology's M63M201KB30T607 is a CERMET TRIMMER resistor with linear resistance law, 10% tolerance, and 270° rotation angle. Ideal for PCB mounting applications in temperature-sensitive environments with operating range from -55 to 125 °C.
89PHR10LF
Tt Electronics Plc
89PHR10LF by Tt Electronics Plc is a TRIMMER resistor with 10 ohm resistance, rated for 0.75 W power dissipation and 20% tolerance. It features CERMET technology, LINEAR resistance law, and operates b/w -55 to 125 °C. Ideal for PCB mounting applications requiring precise resistance adjustments in a compact rectangular package.
RK16312101A2
Alps Alpine
Alps Alpine RK16312101A2 is a linear rotary potentiometer with 10000 ohm resistance, 6 terminals, and 300° rotation angle. It is used in PCB mount applications for voltage control with a rated power dissipation of 0.1 W.
3296Y-1-503LF
Bourns 3296Y-1-503LF is a 50k ohm, 25-turn linear cermet trimmer resistor with 10% tolerance. Operating voltage of 300V and power dissipation of 0.5W make it ideal for precision circuit adjustments in various electronic applications. With a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C, it ensures stable performance across temperatures from -55 to 125 °C.
3540S-1-502L
The Bourns 3540S-1-502L is a 10-turn wire wound potentiometer with a resistance of 5000 ohm. It has a linear law of resistance and can operate in temperatures ranging from -40 to 125 °C. This panel mount resistor is commonly used in applications requiring precise control over voltage or current.
PT10LV10-105A2020-S
Amphenol's PT10LV10-105A2020-S is a linear carbon potentiometer with 1000000 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 220° rotation angle. Ideal for PCB mounting applications, it operates b/w -25 to 70 °C with a max voltage of 200 V.
3290H-1-102
Bourns 3290H-1-102 is a 1000 ohm linear trimmer resistor with 25 turns and 5% tolerance. It has a rated power dissipation of 1W, operates b/w -65 to 150°C, and features wire wound technology. Ideal for PCB mounting applications requiring precise resistance adjustments in various electronic circuits.
3314J-1-201E
Bourns 3314J-1-201E is a CERMET variable resistor with 200 ohm resistance, linear law, and 20% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C and has a power dissipation of 0.25 W. Ideal for applications requiring precise voltage adjustments in compact SMT designs.
3048L-5-102
The Bourns 3048L-5-102 is a compact variable resistor with a resistance of 1000 ohm. It uses conductive plastic technology and has a temperature coefficient of 1000 ppm/°C. It is commonly used in PCB mount applications for its high operating temperature range of -55 to 125 °C.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
3313J-1-103E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 10000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313S-1-203E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 20000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313S-1-102E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 1000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-2-103E
3313J-1-502E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 5000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-105E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 1000000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-104E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 100000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-202E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 2000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313S-1-103E
3313S-2-503E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 50000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313S-1-502E
3313J-2-502E
3313J-1-102E
Bourns 3313J-1-102E is a CERMET trimmer resistor with 1000 ohm resistance, 20% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. It is used in surface mount applications for precise voltage adjustments due to its linear resistance law and 220° rotation angle.
3313J-1-101E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 100 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-201E
Bourns 3313J-1-201E is a CERMET variable resistor with 200 ohm resistance, linear law, and 20% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C and has a power dissipation of 0.125 W. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 standard compliance.
3313J-1-204E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 200000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-205E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 2000000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-500E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 50 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
3313J-1-503E
3313J-1-504E
TRIMMER; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 500000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 20 %;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved