Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
MCSD54-101KU by Spc Technology/Multicomp is a fixed inductor with 100uH nominal inductance, 0.7 ohm DC resistance, and 0.52A max rated current. It is a power inductor suitable for general purpose applications, featuring dual-ended terminals and ferrite core material. Ideal for surface mount designs with rectangular package shape and operating temperatures from -55 to 130°C.
Median Price
$0.365
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
7
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Farnell
1+ parts
$0.315
100+ parts
$0.210
1k+ parts
$0.206
10k+ parts
-
Element14
$0.415
$0.357
$0.288
$0.230
Nova Conductors
$0.252
Vyrian
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
Holdelec - ElecDif-Pro
Elcom Components
Argo Parts USA
$0.244
Continental Prestige Electronics
$0.221
$0.144
$0.105
Netroflash
$0.246
$0.239
$0.234
Surface mount design allows for easy and efficient installation on PCBs, saving space and simplifying assembly processes.
Dual-ended terminal placement provides flexibility in circuit design and allows for easier routing of connections.
Designed for operation at a frequency of 0.1 MHz, suitable for various power applications.
Specifically designed for power applications, ensuring efficient energy transfer and low power losses.
Rectangular package design offers a compact form factor, ideal for applications where space is limited.
Offers a high nominal inductance value of 100 uH, suitable for filtering and energy storage applications.
One surface terminal shape simplifies PCB layout and installation, ensuring reliable connections.
Withstands high operating temperatures up to 130°C, suitable for demanding environmental conditions.
Capable of handling a maximum rated current of 0.52 A, suitable for power supply and voltage regulation applications.
Operates reliably at low temperatures down to -55°C, ensuring performance in a wide range of operating conditions.
Tin over copper terminal finish provides excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, ensuring long-term reliability.
General-purpose design makes it versatile for various applications, offering flexibility in circuit design.
Low DC resistance of 0.7 ohm minimizes power losses and improves efficiency in power circuits.
Ferrite core material offers high magnetic permeability and low core losses, ideal for power applications.
Compact package height of 4.5 mm saves space on the PCB and allows for more efficient board layout.
Tolerance of 10% ensures consistent performance and reliable operation within specified parameters.
Fixed Inductors MCSD54-101KU attributes and parameters. Explore more Fixed Inductors devices from Spc Technology/ Multicomp
Inductor Type:
Inductor Application:
Nominal Inductance:
Maximum Rated Current:
DC Resistance:
Tolerance:
No. of Functions:
Test Frequency:
Package Shape:
Shielded:
Core Material:
Surface Mounted:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Terminal Position:
Terminal Shape:
Terminal Finish:
No. of Terminals:
Package Height:
MCSD54-101KU Inductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8504.50.80.00
SB
8504.50.00.00
Multicomp by Newark (previously a part of our SPC Technology and Voltrex brands) offers the newest technology in board-level and box-build components, with affordability and high performance. With a history of best-selling products, Multicomp has been an exclusive brand under Newark Element14 for over 20 years. For electronics design, education, electrical equipment, contract manufacturing and repair & maintenance‚ Multicomp products deliver on high procurement standards for durability and reliability. Find a vast range of technology including active and Passive Components, interconnect, electromechanical, optoelectronics and cable assemblies. Shop for everything from switches and relays to connectors, semiconductors, capacitors, resistors, fans, cables, enclosures and more, all in one convenient place. When you purchase Multicomp electronics at Newark, you'll also get Technical Support from engineering experts, same-day shipping and more time-saving services. Trust Multicomp at Newark for affordability and performance every time!
LM317T
Sgs-ates Componenti Electronici S P A
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; JESD-609 Code: e0; Terminal Position: SINGLE; Adjustability: ADJUSTABLE; Maximum Load Regulation (%): 1.5 %;
BAV99
National Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG
Onsemi
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V nominal output voltage, 0.1A max output current, and 0.6V max dropout voltage. Ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in temperature-sensitive environments up to 150°C.
MBR0530T1G
MBR0530T1G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.375V and output current of 0.5A. It operates b/w -65°C to 125°C, making it suitable for applications requiring high-speed switching in compact electronic devices like smartphones and tablets. The package style is small outline with gull wing terminals for surface mount assembly.
MMBF170LT1G
Rochester Electronics
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .225 W; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; No. of Terminals: 3;
BSS138
Fairchild Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE; Qualification: Not Qualified;
1N4148
Multicomp Pro
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
SS14
Bytesonic Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
SMBJ18CA
KYOCERA AVX
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N7002
Itt Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M85049/85-08W02
TE Connectivity
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Minimum Operating Temperature: -65 Cel; Wire Gauge (AWG): 0; Maximum Wire Size: 0 AWG; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Material: ALUMINUM ALLOY;
Unitrode
New Jersey Semiconductor Products
Concord Semiconductor
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 18 V; Nominal Breakdown Voltage: 21.05 V; Polarity: BIDIRECTIONAL; Maximum Clamping Voltage: 29.2 V;
Amphenol
CIRCULAR CONN ACCESSORY; Shell Sizes: 8; 9; IEC Conformity: NO; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: BAND LOCK ADAPTER; MIL Conformity: YES; DIN Conformity: NO;
LM78L05ACMX/NOPB
FIXED POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Maximum Input Voltage Absolute: 35 V; Maximum Voltage Tolerance: 5 %;
2N2222A
Zetex Plc
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .22 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Kec
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Field Effect Transistor Technology: METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR; Transistor Application: SWITCHING; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
DR74-100-R
Coiltronics
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): SMT; Shielded: YES; Surface Mount: YES;
SRR0603-470KL
Bourns
Bourns SRR0603-470KL is a shielded, surface mount inductor with 47uH nominal inductance. Ideal for power applications, it has a max rated current of 0.5A and operates b/w -40°C to 125°C.
NR4018T6R8M
Taiyo Yuden
NR4018T6R8M by Taiyo Yuden is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 6.8uH nominal inductance and 1.06A max rated current. It is a general purpose inductor suitable for power applications, featuring a self-resonance frequency of 29MHz and operating temperature range from -25°C to 120°C.
74479887310A
Wuerth Elektronik & Kg
Wurth Elektronik 74479887310A is a shielded fixed inductor with 10uH nominal inductance, 0.85A max current, and 27 min quality factor. Ideal for power applications, it has dual-ended terminals, SMT package style, and operates b/w -40 to 125°C.
DR74-101-R
Cooper Industries
IHLP5050FDER100M01
Vishay Dale
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: HIGH CURRENT INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: YES; Surface Mount: YES; Tolerance: 20 %;
LQG15HN3N9S02D
Murata Manufacturing
Murata Manufacturing's LQG15HN3N9S02D is a fixed inductor with 0.0039 uH nominal inductance, 6000 MHz self-resonance frequency, and 8 min quality factor. It is a general-purpose RF inductor for applications requiring high-frequency performance and compact size, suitable for surface mount designs with dual-ended terminals.
SRN8040-330M
Bourns SRN8040-330M is a shielded, surface mount inductor with 33uH nominal inductance and 1.7A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125°C with a self-resonance frequency of 10MHz.
IFSC1008ABER3R3M01
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's IFSC1008ABER3R3M01 is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 3.3uH nominal inductance and 1.31A max rated current. Ideal for high current applications, this rectangular package inductor operates b/w -55°C to 125°C, making it suitable for general purpose use.
FSLB2520-470K
Toko
Toko's FSLB2520-470K is a surface mount fixed inductor with 47uH nominal inductance, 5.4 ohm DC resistance, and 15 MHz self-resonance frequency. Ideal for RF applications due to its rectangular package shape and ferrite core material. Operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 85°C making it suitable for various general purpose inductor needs.
ACT45B-101-2P-TL003
Epcos Ag
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Manufacturer Series: ACT45B; Terminal Finish: Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier; JESD-609 Code: e3;
SRN6045-150M
Bourns SRN6045-150M is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 15uH nominal inductance and 1.9A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125°C with a self-resonance frequency of 13MHz.
CTX100-5-52-R
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): Toroidal; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: NO;
K001
Opt Industries
K001 by Opt Industries is a shielded fixed inductor with 2000uH nominal inductance and 1MHz self-resonance frequency. It has 4 terminals, 0.112A max rated current, and is designed for power applications. The cylindrical package with printed wiring pin terminals makes it suitable for general purpose inductor use.
1501
Hammond Manufacturing
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: RF CHOKE; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): Axial; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: NO;
5106
Frontier Electronics
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: FILTER CHOKE; No. of Terminals: 4; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: NO; Terminal Placement: ON CIRCLE;
B82464A4105K000
TDK
The TDK B82464A4105K000 is a surface mount fixed inductor with 1000uH nominal inductance, suitable for power applications. It has a max operating temperature of 150°C and can handle a rated current of 0.33A. This general purpose inductor features dual-ended terminals and L bend shape, making it ideal for various electronic circuits.
MLZ2012N150LT000
MLZ2012N150LT000 by TDK is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 15uH nominal inductance and 0.47ohm DC resistance. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C and has a max rated current of 0.35A. Ideal for general purpose applications requiring compact rectangular package design.
B82792C2474N315
B82792C2474N315 by TDK is a surface mount fixed inductor with 470uH nominal inductance, 0.6A max rated current, and 0.25 ohm DC resistance. Ideal for general purpose applications, this rectangular package inductor has 8 terminals and uses ferrite core material.
XAL4020-222MEB
Coilcraft
Coilcraft XAL4020-222MEB is a shielded SMT inductor with 2.2uH nominal inductance, 5.5A max current, and 125°C max operating temp. Ideal for power applications due to its general purpose design and AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
MCSDC0604-101KU
Spc Technology/ Multicomp
MCSDC0604-101KU by Spc Technology/Multicomp is a surface mount fixed inductor with 100uH nominal inductance, 0.7 ohm DC resistance, and 0.52A max rated current. It is a power inductor suitable for general purpose applications with dual-ended terminals and rectangular package shape.
MCSDRH125B-100MHF
MCSDRH125B-100MHF by Spc Technology/ Multicomp is a shielded fixed inductor with 10uH nominal inductance, suitable for power applications. It has a max rated current of 7.5A and operates b/w -55 to 130°C, making it ideal for general purpose use. This SMT inductor features dual-ended terminals and ferrite core material in a compact 12x12x6mm package.
MCSD54-4R7MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Operating Temperature: 130 Cel;
MCSDC0805-470KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Finish: Tin (Sn) over Copper (Cu);
MCSD43-560KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: RF INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Inductance (L): 56 uH;
MCSD43-220MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Placement: DUAL ENDED;
MCSDC0805-330KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Core Material: FERRITE;
MCSD54-220MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Self Resonance Frequency: .1 MHz;
MCSD43-100MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): SMT; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES;
MCSD54-181KU
MCSD75-150KU
MCSD75-220KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Tolerance: 10 %;
MCSD105-331KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Minimum Operating Temperature: -55 Cel;
MCSD105-470KU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Test Frequency: .1 MHz;
MCSD54-100MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Tolerance: 20 %;
MCSD54-221KU
MCSD54-2R2MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Rated Current: 3.8 A;
MCSD54-3R3MU
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Shape or Size Description: RECTANGULAR PACKAGE;
MCSDC0503-221KU
MCSD54-680KU
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved