Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
ISL21080CIH330Z-TK by Renesas Electronics is a voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 3V and a max supply voltage of 5.5V. It operates in industrial temperature grade range from -40 to 85°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in compact designs. With a low profile package style and small outline, this CMOS technology-based device is ideal for space-constrained PCB layouts.
Median Price
$1.880
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
20
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Farnell
1+ parts
$1.400
100+ parts
$1.150
1k+ parts
$0.803
10k+ parts
$0.758
Newark
$1.860
$1.110
$0.943
$0.882
Mouser Electronics
$1.900
$1.130
$0.962
$0.900
Chip1Stop
$2.090
$1.180
$0.751
$0.749
DigiKey
$2.110
$1.061
-
Renesas
$2.870
$1.298
$0.910
$0.825
Flip Electronics (Authorized)
Element14
$1.610
$1.270
$1.250
Future Electronics
$0.865
Verical
$1.034
$0.883
RS (Exports)
$2.329
$2.161
Nova Conductors
$1.220
TME
$1.720
Flip Electronics
Vyrian
IBS Electronics
$1.191
NAC Semi
$1.730
$1.570
Chip Stock
Pegasus Components GmbH
Prism Electronics
Ampacity Inc.
$0.660
Semicontronic
$0.670
$0.653
$0.650
Argo Parts USA
Netroflash
$1.159
$1.135
Component Stockers USA
$1.840
$1.290
$0.850
$0.830
Continental Prestige Electronics
$1.890
$0.826
Advanced Electronics
$4.517
$4.291
Corohmni
$6.975
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$13.892
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Perfect Parts
Futuretech Components
Supply Digital
S.R.D Solutions
Allen Electronics Distributors
$1.000
The use of plastic/epoxy material makes the package of this product durable and lightweight, ideal for various applications.
Being surface mountable makes the installation of this voltage reference easy and convenient in modern PCB designs.
With a nominal supply voltage of 5V, this voltage reference is compatible with a wide range of electronic circuits and systems.
The high maximum operating temperature of 85°C ensures reliable performance even in demanding industrial environments.
The minimum output voltage of 2.994V provides stable and accurate voltage reference for precision applications.
The low minimum operating temperature of -40°C allows this voltage reference to be used in a wide range of temperature conditions.
The matte tin terminal finish provides good solderability and ensures reliable electrical connections.
With a maximum voltage tolerance of 0.2%, this voltage reference offers high precision and accuracy in voltage regulation.
Voltage References ISL21080CIH330Z-TK attributes and parameters. Explore more Voltage References devices from Renesas Electronics
Other IC type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
No. of Functions:
No. of Outputs:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Output Voltage:
Minimum Output Voltage:
Nominal Output Voltage:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Maximum Seated Height:
Maximum Supply Current (Isup):
Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup):
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Max Voltage Temp Coef:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
Trim or Adjustable Output (V):
Maximum Voltage Tolerance:
Width (mm):
ISL21080CIH330Z-TK Other Function Semiconductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
0462-201-16141
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's 0462-201-16141 is a CRIMP terminal with MACHINED contact design. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C, suitable for wire gauges from 20 to 16 AWG. With a rated current of 13A, it is ideal for applications requiring FEMALE ROUND PIN-SOCKET contacts.
LM358AN
National Semiconductor
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
261
Deltrol Controls
Other Relays;
1N4148
Bkc Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
FDLL4148
Fairchild Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
Jgd Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Reverse Recovery Time: .004 us; Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current: .5 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): 1 V;
EU2B-YS3103F
Idec
ROTARY SWITCH;
SS14
Continental Device India
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LL4148
Silicon Standard
BSS138
NXP Semiconductors
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Terminals: 3; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .2 A; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE;
STMicroelectronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Output Current: .15 A; Maximum Operating Temperature: 200 Cel; Config: SINGLE; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb);
BSS123,215
NXP Semiconductors' BSS123,215 is a N-CHANNEL FET for SWITCHING applications. Features include 100V DS Breakdown Voltage, 0.17A Drain Current, and 6 ohm On Resistance. With GULL WING terminals and ENHANCEMENT MODE operation, it's ideal for small outline packages in various electronic devices.
2N2222A
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
2N7002
General Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JEDEC-95 Code: TO-236AB; Qualification: Not Qualified; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
LM317T
Onsemi
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; JESD-30 Code: R-PSFM-T3; Adjustability: ADJUSTABLE; Package Equivalence Code: SIP3,.1TB;
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .22 A; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
ECA2DHG4R7
Panasonic
ECA2DHG4R7 by Panasonic is a 4.7uF aluminum electrolytic capacitor with 200V rated DC voltage. It features tan delta of 0.15, leakage current of 0.0664mA, and ripple current of 50mA, making it ideal for applications requiring high capacitance stability and low leakage in through-hole mounting setups at temperatures ranging from -25 to 105°C.
Inchange Semiconductor
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: NO; Technology: BIPOLAR; Minimum Output Voltage-1: 1.2 V; No. of Outputs: 1;
BAV99
Sensitron Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LT1461AIS8-2.5#PBF
Analog Devices
LT1461AIS8-2.5#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 2.5V, suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with a low temp coefficient of 3 ppm/°C and can handle supply voltages from 3V to 20V. This small outline package features surface mount technology and matte tin terminal finish.
TL431BIDBZR
Nexperia
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LT1461CIS8-3.3#PBF
LT1461CIS8-3.3#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output of 3.3V, suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with a max supply voltage of 20V and temp coef of 12 ppm/°C. The package is small outline, surface mountable in plastic/epoxy material, making it versatile for various electronic designs.
LM385M3-1.2/NOPB
Texas Instruments
LM385M3-1.2/NOPB by Texas Instruments is a 3-terminal voltage reference IC with a min output voltage of 1.205V and max of 1.26V, suitable for commercial applications. It operates b/w 0°C to 70°C, has a terminal pitch of 0.95mm, and features a gull wing terminal form in a small outline package style.
TL431CDBZT
TL431CDBZT by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output from 2.44V to 2.55V, suitable for various applications. It features a small outline package with dual terminals and operates b/w 0°C to 70°C. With a max output current of 0.1A and voltage tolerance of 2%, it is ideal for commercial-grade projects requiring precise voltage regulation.
ADR4520BRZ-R7
Analog Devices' ADR4520BRZ-R7 is a small outline, three-terminal voltage reference with 2.048V output and 0.01A max current. Operating from -40 to 125°C, it offers a voltage tolerance of 0.02% and temp coef of 2 ppm/°C, suitable for automotive applications requiring precise voltage references.
LT1461DHS8-5#TRPBF
Linear Technology
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LM431CIM3/NOPB
TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MCP1525T-I/TT
Microchip Technology
MCP1525T-I/TT by Microchip: Voltage Reference with 2.475-2.525V output, 5V supply, and 1% voltage tolerance. Ideal for industrial applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact SOT package. Operating from -40 to 85°C, it suits various electronic designs needing stable reference voltages.
REF3325AIDCKRG4
REF3325AIDCKRG4 by Texas Instruments is a 3-terminal voltage reference with nominal output of 2.5V and voltage tolerance of 0.15%. Operating temperature range from -40 to 125 °C, making it suitable for automotive applications. Package style is small outline with gull wing terminals, ideal for surface mount designs.
LT1461AIS8-2.5
LT1461AIS8-2.5 by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 2.5V, suitable for industrial applications. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with low temp coefficient of 3 ppm/°C and a small outline package style for space-constrained designs. This voltage reference has a max supply voltage of 20V and is surface mountable in plastic/epoxy material.
TL431ACDCKR
TL431ACDCKR by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output from 2.47V to 2.52V, suitable for commercial applications. It features a max output current of 0.1A and operates in temperatures ranging from 0°C to 70°C. This small outline package with gull wing terminals is ideal for precision voltage regulation in various electronic circuits.
LM4040C50IDBZR
LM4040C50IDBZR by Texas Instruments is a 5V voltage reference with a min output voltage of 4.975V and max of 5.025V. This small outline, thin profile IC is ideal for industrial applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact form factor. With a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C, it ensures stable performance across a wide operating range from -40 to 85 °C.
TLV431BFTA
Zetex Plc
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431CDRG4
TL431CDRG4 by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output from 2.44V to 2.55V, suitable for commercial-grade applications. It features a max supply current of 100mA and operates b/w 0°C to 70°C temperature range. With a small outline package style and surface-mount design, it is ideal for various electronic circuits requiring precise voltage regulation.
LTC6655BHMS8-2.048#PBF
LTC6655BHMS8-2.048#PBF by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with output voltage range of 2.0474V to 2.0485V, suitable for automotive applications. It operates b/w -40°C to 125°C, with low supply current of 7.5mA and max supply voltage of 13.2V, making it ideal for precision voltage regulation in compact designs.
AD580JH
AD580JH by Analog Devices is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 2.5V, suitable for applications requiring precise voltage regulation. It operates within a temperature range of -55 to 125°C and has a max supply current of 1.5mA, making it ideal for military-grade electronics. The package style is cylindrical with a metal body and gold terminal finish.
LM4040AIM3-5.0+
Maxim Integrated
TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
TL431BIDBZT
TL431BIDBZT by Texas Instruments is a voltage reference IC with adjustable output (2.483-2.507V). It operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85°C) and supports a max output current of 0.1A. Ideal for precision voltage regulation in various electronic applications.
ADR4525BRZ
Analog Devices' ADR4525BRZ is a small outline voltage reference with 2.5V output, 0.01A max current, and 0.02% voltage tolerance. Ideal for automotive applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125°C with a supply range of 3-15V, making it suitable for precision voltage regulation in various electronic systems.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
ISL21080CIH315Z-TK
Intersil
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: TSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
Renesas Electronics
ISL21080CIH315Z-TK by Renesas Electronics is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 1.5V and max supply voltage of 5.5V. It operates in industrial temperature grade range (-40 to 85°C) and has a low supply current of 0.0015mA, making it suitable for precision applications requiring stable voltage references. The package style is small outline, low profile, shrink pitch, with gull wing terminal form for surface mount assembly.
ISL21010CFH315Z-TK
THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
ISL21080CIH315Z-T7A
ISL21080CIH315Z-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a voltage reference with a nominal voltage of 3V. It has a small outline, low profile package style and operates in industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 °C). It is commonly used as a three-terminal voltage reference in various electronic applications.
ISL21010CFH330Z-TK
ISL21010CFH330Z-TK by Renesas Electronics is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 3V. It operates in automotive-grade conditions, with a temperature range from -40 to 125°C. This small outline package has a max supply current of 0.1mA and offers a max voltage tolerance of 0.2%.
ISL21010CFH315Z-T7A
ISL21010CFH315Z-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a 3-terminal voltage reference with a nominal output voltage of 1.5V and max supply voltage of 5.5V. It operates in automotive-grade conditions with a temperature range from -40°C to 125°C, making it suitable for precision voltage regulation in automotive applications. This small outline package features surface mount capability and a max seated height of 1.12mm, ideal for space-constrained designs requiring stable voltage references.
ISL21080CIH330Z-TK
ISL21080CIH325Z-TK
ISL21080CIH325Z-TK by Renesas Electronics is a 3V voltage reference with a 2.5V output, suitable for industrial applications. It features a small outline package, matte tin terminal finish, and operates b/w -40°C to 85°C. With low supply current of 0.0015mA and high voltage tolerance of 0.3%, it is ideal for precision electronic systems.
ISL21010DFH310Z-TK
ISL21010DFH310Z-TK by Renesas Electronics is a voltage reference with a nominal voltage of 3V. It has a small outline package style and can operate at temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C. This three-terminal voltage reference is commonly used in automotive applications.
ISL21010DFH310Z-T7A
ISL21010CFH320Z-TK
ISL21010CFH333Z-TK
ISL21080CIH333Z-TK
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved