Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
EL7457CLZ-T7 by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It has a square package style, matte tin terminal finish, and CMOS technology. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high side drivers with a nominal voltage of 5V and -5V.
Median Price
$6.470
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
13
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Verical
1+ parts
$4.064
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Chip1Stop
$6.370
$4.090
$3.400
$3.210
Renesas
$4.836
$3.362
Mouser Electronics
$6.530
$4.150
$3.790
$3.750
Element14
$6.852
$5.124
$4.464
DigiKey
$7.260
$4.481
$4.118
Farnell
$7.314
$4.975
$4.332
RS (Exports)
$5.566
$4.750
Avnet
$3.635
$3.462
Nova Conductors
$4.160
Chip Stock
Vyrian
Cyclops Electronics Ltd
Advanced Electronics
$2.163
$2.055
Aztec Data Supply Inc.
$2.226
Argo Parts USA
Semicontronic
$4.730
$4.612
$4.588
Ampacity Inc.
$10.300
Corohmni
$13.245
Microchip USA
$24.310
$24.160
$24.090
$24.010
QUARKTWIN TECHNOLOGY LTD
iodParts Technologies Inc.
Perfect Parts
GreenTree Electronics
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Metaverse IC Inc.
RC Electronics
$3.900
$3.560
$3.450
Netroflash
$4.077
$3.952
$3.869
Allen Electronics Distributors
$728.000
Robosynatics
$4.331
Lucentia Tech
Supply Digital
Continental Prestige Electronics
$3.490
$3.370
Modulus Dynamics
A-Z Elektronik GmbH
Speed Components Ltd (Excess)
Plastic/epoxy material provides durability and protection for the internal components, ensuring a longer lifespan for the product.
Surface mount capability allows for easy and efficient installation on circuit boards, saving time and effort during assembly.
Having multiple functions in one device simplifies circuit design and saves space on the PCB.
High maximum operating temperature ensures reliable performance in a variety of environments and applications.
CMOS technology offers low power consumption and high noise immunity, making the product energy-efficient and reliable.
MOSFET Gate Drivers EL7457CLZ-T7 attributes and parameters. Explore more MOSFET Gate Drivers devices from Renesas Electronics
High Side Driver:
Interface IC Type:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Length:
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage:
No. of Functions:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Body Material:
Package Code:
Package Shape:
Package Style (Meter):
Peak Reflow Temperature (C):
Maximum Seated Height:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
Surface Mount:
Technology:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Pitch:
Terminal Position:
Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s):
Width:
EL7457CLZ-T7 Interface ICs trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
1N4148WS
Taitron Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358N
Taejin Technology
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MMBT2907ALT1G
Rochester Electronics
PNP; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 200 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .6 A; Terminal Form: GULL WING;
LM358DR2G
Onsemi
LM358DR2G by Onsemi is a dual operational amplifier with 7000uV max input offset voltage and 70dB nominal CMRR. Ideal for applications requiring low bias current such as sensor interfaces, signal conditioning circuits, and audio amplifiers. Package style: Small Outline, Technology: Bipolar, Unity Gain Bandwidth: 1000 kHz.
LL4148GS08
Temic Semiconductors
LL4148GS08 by Temic Semiconductors is a glass diode with a max reverse recovery time of 0.008 us and max forward voltage of 1 V. It is a rectifier diode with a max output current of 0.15 A, ideal for applications requiring fast switching speeds and low power dissipation in electronic circuits.
1N4148
Renesas Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
LM2931Z-5.0G
LM2931Z-5.0G by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V output voltage, 0.6V dropout voltage, and 0.1A output current. It is ideal for applications requiring stable power supply in temperature-sensitive environments due to its operating range of -40°C to 125°C.
AT90CAN128-16AU
Atmel
MICROCONTROLLER, RISC; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 64; Package Code: TQFP; Package Shape: SQUARE;
CRCW080510K0FKEA
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW080510K0FKEA is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and -55 to 155 °C operating temperature range.
2N2222A
Allegro MicroSystems
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
LIS3DHTR
STMicroelectronics
LIS3DHTR by STMicroelectronics is a 16-terminal accelerometer with output range of 0.18-1.62V, ideal for motion sensing applications. Operating temperature ranges from -40 to 85°C, making it suitable for various environments. With a compact square package body of 3x3mm and digital voltage output type, it is commonly used in surface mount designs.
BAV99
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Weitronic Enterprise
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
Fairchild Semiconductor
LP2950CDT-3.3G
LP2950CDT-3.3G by Onsemi is a fixed positive single output LDO regulator with a nominal output voltage of 3.3V and max output current of 0.1A. It has a small outline package style, operates at temperatures ranging from -40 to 125 °C, and is suitable for applications requiring low dropout voltage and precise voltage regulation in electronic circuits.
LM555CMX
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MBRS340T3G
MBRS340T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.5V and output current of 4A. It operates b/w -65°C to 150°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring high-speed switching and low power loss in a small outline package. The diode's matte tin terminal finish and dual position make it ideal for surface mount PCB designs.
ABS06-32.768KHZ-T
Abracon
Abracon's ABS06-32.768KHZ-T crystal oscillator offers 20 ppm frequency tolerance, 90000 ohm series resistance, and -40 to 85 °C operating temperature range. Ideal for applications requiring precise timing in compact designs like IoT devices and wearables.
RK73H2ATTD10R0F
Koa Speer Electronics
RK73H2ATTD10R0F by Koa Speer Electronics is a 0805 SMT fixed resistor with 10 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.25 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard and operating voltage of 150 V.
DP83848IVVX/NOPB
Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments DP83848IVVX/NOPB is a 3.3V Ethernet transceiver with 100000 Mbps data rate, suitable for industrial applications. It features CMOS technology, operates b/w -40 to 85 °C, and comes in a low profile flatpack package with matte tin finish.
LM5050MK-1/NOPB
National Semiconductor
MOSFET Drivers; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: TSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Package Body Material: PLASTIC/EPOXY;
TC1411NEOA
Microchip Technology
TC1411NEOA by Microchip Technology is a MOSFET gate driver with a max supply voltage of 16V. It features a small outline package style and operates in industrial temperature grades. With an inverted output polarity and Schmitt trigger input characteristics, it is ideal for applications requiring fast turn-on/off times and high side driving capabilities.
MIC4605-1YMT-TR
Micrel
HALF BRIDGE BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 10; Package Code: HVSON; Package Shape: SQUARE;
UCC37321D
UCC37321D by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 8 terminals, operating voltage range of 4.5-15 V, and output current up to 9 A. It features a BICMOS technology, totum-pole output characteristics, and turn-on/off time of 0.07 us. Ideal for applications requiring high-speed switching such as power supplies and motor control systems.
UCC27424DGNRG4
UCC27424DGNRG4 by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 functions, operating voltage range of 4.5-15V, and output current up to 4A. Ideal for industrial applications requiring fast turn-on/off times (0.04/0.05 us) and high temperature tolerance (up to 105°C). Package style: small outline, thin profile, shrink pitch.
LTC7003EMSE#PBF
Linear Technology
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HTSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
UCC21520DW
UCC21520DW by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 channels, capable of handling a max output current of 6A. It operates in automotive-grade temperatures from -40 to 125°C and features built-in protections for under voltage. This small outline package with gull wing terminals is suitable for applications requiring high side drivers in compact spaces.
EL7202CSZ-T7
Intersil
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MC33152DR2G
MC33152DR2G by Onsemi is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 functions, operating at 6.5-18V. It has a turn-on/off time of 0.12us and peak current limit of 1.5A. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high side drivers in compact spaces.
LTC7004HMSE#PBF
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 10; Package Code: HTSSOP; Package Shape: SQUARE; Maximum Supply Voltage-1: 15 V;
IR2113PBF
International Rectifier
HALF BRIDGE BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 14; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
IRS21271SPBF
Infineon Technologies
IRS21271SPBF by Infineon is a MOSFET gate driver with 8 terminals, operating voltage of 10-20V. It has a small outline package, suitable for automotive applications. Features include high side driver, CMOS technology, and fast turn-on/off times of 0.2us.
LTC4440ES6-5#TRPBF
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 6; Package Code: VSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM5109BSD/NOPB
LM5109BSD/NOPB by Texas Instruments is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 channels, 12V nominal voltage, and 1A max output current. It operates in automotive-grade temperatures (-40 to 125°C) and has a turn-on/off time of 0.056us. Ideal for high side driving applications requiring fast switching speeds.
ZXGD3003E6TA
Diodes Incorporated
ZXGD3003E6TA by Diodes Inc. is a MOSFET Gate Driver with AEC-Q101 screening, operating from -55 to 150°C. It has a peak output current of 5A, suitable for military-grade applications requiring a small outline package and low profile design. The driver features a buffer or inverter interface IC type, making it ideal for high-reliability automotive and industrial systems.
HIP4086AABZT
HALF BRIDGE BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: AUTOMOTIVE; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 24; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
IR11682STRPBF
HALF BRIDGE BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Maximum Seated Height: 1.75 mm;
LTC7003HMSE#PBF
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HTSSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
MIC4604YMT-T5
HALF BRIDGE BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 10; Package Code: SON; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Terminal Position: DUAL;
MAX4427ESA-T
Maxim Integrated
MAX4427ESA-T by Maxim Integrated is a MOSFET gate driver with 2 functions, operating voltage of 4.5-18V, and output polarity as true. It has a turn-on time of 0.04us and turn-off time of 0.06us, suitable for industrial applications requiring fast switching speeds in compact designs. The small outline package with gull wing terminals makes it ideal for surface-mount PCB layouts where space is limited.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
EL7457CLZ-T7
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
EL7457CLZ-T7A
Renesas Electronics
EL7457CLZ-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It features CMOS technology, high side driver, and interface IC type as BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER. Ideal for industrial applications requiring reliable gate driving in compact spaces.
EL7457CUZ-T7A
EL7457CUZ-T7A by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It features high side driver, CMOS technology, and small outline package style. Ideal for industrial applications requiring precise voltage control in compact spaces.
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
EL7457CLZ-T13
EL7457CLZ-T13 by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It features CMOS technology, quad terminal position, and is suitable for industrial applications requiring high side drivers.
EL7457CLZ
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: HQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
EL7457CUZ-T7
EL7457CUZ-T7 by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, CMOS technology, and 16 terminals. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, suitable for industrial applications. This driver has a small outline package with matte tin finish and Gull Wing terminal form.
EL7457CUZ-T13
EL7457CUZ
EL7457CUZ by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating b/w -40 to 85°C. It features a small outline package, Gull Wing terminals, and supports a supply voltage of ±5V. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high side drivers in compact designs.
EL7457CSZ
BUFFER OR INVERTER BASED MOSFET DRIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
EL7457CSZ by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating temperature range of -40 to 85°C. It features small outline package style, Gull Wing terminal form, and supports high side driver applications. Ideal for industrial use in various electronic systems requiring precise voltage control.
EL7457CSZ-T7
EL7457CSZ-T7 by Renesas Electronics is a MOSFET Gate Driver with 4 functions, operating at -40 to 85°C. It features a small outline package, CMOS technology, and supports a supply voltage of ±5V. Ideal for industrial applications requiring high side drivers in compact designs.
EL7457CL-T7
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved