Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Omron's EE-SPY302 is a linear position sensor with 5mm measurement range, 24V max supply voltage, and 80mA output range. Ideal for applications requiring precise position sensing in industrial automation systems.
Median Price
$70.100
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
19
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Mouser Electronics
1+ parts
$57.610
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Sager
$59.400
$51.980
Airline Hydraulics
$61.000
DigiKey
$62.340
$50.980
RS Americas
$60.990
RS (Exports)
Master Electronics
$71.530
$58.070
$55.730
Interstate Connecting
$77.000
$60.261
$57.750
Verical
$84.153
$73.082
Newark
$99.530
$74.220
$72.070
TodayComponents
$39.180
$31.420
Nova Conductors
$51.409
TME
$56.550
$48.940
Quotebeam
Electro Sonic
$71.830
$52.200
$51.810
Chip Stock
Vyrian
Electronic Supply
Bristol Electronics
Advanced Electronics
$2.374
$2.160
$1.947
Authorized Procurement Solutions
Netroflash
$50.381
$48.838
$47.810
Kepictronics
Speed Components Ltd (Excess)
High maximum supply voltage allows for flexibility and compatibility with a wide range of power sources.
Utilizes advanced photoelectric technology for accurate and reliable position sensing.
Compact design makes it suitable for applications with limited space available.
Low minimum supply voltage helps in reducing power consumption and allows for use with lower voltage sources.
Wide output range provides versatile output capabilities for different applications.
Analog current output enables easy interfacing with other analog devices and systems.
Low operating current helps in improving energy efficiency and reducing power consumption.
Optimal size for a balance between compactness and functionality.
Solder termination ensures secure and reliable electrical connections.
Suitable for applications requiring precise measurements within a limited range.
Through hole mounting makes installation easy and secure for stable and accurate sensor positioning.
Ensures accurate measurements even at the lower end of the measurement range.
Linear Position Sensors EE-SPY302 attributes and parameters. Explore more Linear Position Sensors devices from Omron
Additional Features:
Body Height:
Body Length/Diameter:
Maximum Measurement Range (mm):
Minimum Measurement Range (mm):
Mounting Feature:
Maximum Operating Current:
Output Range:
Output Type:
Sensors or Transducers Type:
Maximum Supply Voltage:
Minimum Supply Voltage:
Termination Type:
PCN Design/Specification - Multiple Devices Nameplate May/2015
As a global leader in the field of automation, OMRON’s business fields cover a broad spectrum, ranging from industrial automation and electronic components to social systems including automated ticket gates and solar power conditioners, healthcare. At present, OMRON provides products and services in around 120 countries and regions.
CRG0805F10R
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's CRG0805F10R is a 10 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0.125 W power dissipation. It features thick film technology, SMT package style, and matte tin over nickel terminal finish. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics, offering a temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C and operating voltage of 150 V.
LL4148
Rectron
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
EEAGA1H4R7
Panasonic
Panasonic EEAGA1H4R7 is a 4.7uF, 50V Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor with 0.1 Tan Delta and 0.003mA Leakage Current. Ideal for applications requiring high ripple current handling in temperatures ranging from -55 to 105°C.
2N2222A
SPC TECHNOLOGY/ MULTICOMP
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
LM555CN
National Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: NO;
BAV99
Eic Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
EU2B-YS2J03C
Idec
ROTARY SWITCH;
SS14
Cheng-yi Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
EU2B-YS303C
ABS06-32.768KHZ-T
Abracon
Abracon's ABS06-32.768KHZ-T crystal oscillator offers 20 ppm frequency tolerance, 90000 ohm series resistance, and -40 to 85 °C operating temperature range. Ideal for applications requiring precise timing in compact designs like IoT devices and wearables.
LM555CM
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
Micronas Semiconductor Holding Ag
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; Maximum Output Current: .2 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): 1.2 V;
Central Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 250 MHz; Transistor Application: SWITCHING; Transistor Element Material: SILICON;
1N4148WS
Weitron Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148
Philips Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N7002-7-F
Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Inc. 2N7002-7-F is a N-channel FET with 60V DS breakdown voltage, 0.115A max drain current, and 13.5 ohm RDS(on). Ideal for switching applications in enhancement mode operation. Features Gull Wing terminals, small outline package style, and operates up to 150°C.
0462-201-16141
TE Connectivity's 0462-201-16141 is a CRIMP terminal with MACHINED contact design. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C, suitable for wire gauges from 20 to 16 AWG. With a rated current of 13A, it is ideal for applications requiring FEMALE ROUND PIN-SOCKET contacts.
SMBJ18CA
Uniohm
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
CRG0805F10K
Tyco Electronics Components
FIXED RESISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 10000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Tolerance: 1 %;
2N7002
Lite-on Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Qualification: Not Qualified; Additional Features: LOW THRESHOLD; Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage: 60 V;
E3FB-RN22
Omron
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Output Type: NPN; Package Shape or Style: CYLINDRICAL; Additional Features: IP67, IP69K; Housing: NICKEL PLATED BRASS; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 500 mm;
OPB704
Fairchild Semiconductor
Fairchild Semiconductor's OPB704 is a linear position sensor with max VCEsat of 0.7V, response time of 10us, and max output voltage of 12V. Ideal for applications requiring precise measurement in a range from 1.27mm to 3.81mm, such as robotics and automation systems due to its photoelectric diffuse sensing technology.
OPB760N
Tt Electronics Plc
OPB760N by Tt Electronics Plc is a linear position sensor with a max supply voltage of 5.25V and output range of 10mA. It features a body width of 6.35in, height of 10.8mm, and operates b/w -40 to 70°C. Ideal for applications requiring precise analog voltage output within a measurement range of 2.03-5.58mm using through hole mounting.
EE-1006A
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE;
SK1-250-3
TE Connectivity's SK1-250-3 is a linear position sensor with 0.35% accuracy and 0.02 repeatability. Operating b/w -40°C to 85°C, it features a polycarbonate housing and stainless mounting bracket. Ideal for precise position sensing in various industrial applications.
EX-17
The Panasonic EX-17 linear position sensor has a max supply voltage of 26.4V and response time of 500us. With a body width of 3.5in, it is ideal for applications requiring precise position sensing in industrial automation systems.
HLC1395-002
Micro Switch
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 0.60mA; Response Time: 15 us;
E3FB-BP112M
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Output Type: PNP; Package Shape or Style: CYLINDRICAL; Termination Type: WIRE; Additional Features: IP67, IP69K; Minimum Measurement Range (mm): 100 mm;
010312850000-M
TE Connectivity's 010312850000-M is a Linear Position Sensor with 3V max supply voltage, 0.25% linearity, and stainless steel housing. Ideal for applications requiring precise AC output LVDT measurements in temperatures ranging from -55°C to 105°C.
SS41-S
Honeywell Sensing And Control
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR, HALL EFFECT;
CD375-250
TE Connectivity's CD375-250 is a Linear Position Sensor with 44.5mm height and 9.5mm diameter, operating b/w -55°C to 105°C. Featuring an excitation frequency of 3 kHz, it offers high sensitivity at 87 mV/V/mm. Ideal for applications requiring precise AC output LVDT measurements in harsh environments.
E3F2-R2B42M
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Output Type: PNP; Package Shape or Style: CYLINDRICAL; Housing: PLASTIC; Response Time: 250 us; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 2000 mm;
E3FA-VN21
Omron's E3FA-VN21 is a NPN linear position sensor with diffuse photoelectric technology. Housed in plastic, it has a measurement range of 10-50mm. Ideal for applications requiring precise distance sensing in industrial automation settings.
R58ECRGB2Q
Hans Turck & Kg
TLP907(LB)
Toshiba
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 0.50-15mA; Maximum VCEsat: 1.2 V;
SI7210-B-11-IM2R
Silicon Labs
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR, HALL EFFECT; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn); JESD-609 Code: e3;
E3Z-B820.5M
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Mounting Feature: PANEL MOUNT; Output Type: PNP; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Minimum Supply Voltage: 12 V; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 2000 mm;
A1395SEHLT-T
Allegro MicroSystems
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR, HALL EFFECT; Power Supplies (V): 2.5/3.3; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN;
E3H2-DS10C4M-M1
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: NPN; Package Shape or Style: CYLINDRICAL; Maximum Operating Temperature: 55 Cel; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 100 mm; Housing: NICKEL PLATED BRASS;
SI7201-B-04-IV
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR, HALL EFFECT; JESD-609 Code: e3; Terminal Finish: Matte Tin (Sn);
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
EE-SPY401
Omron's EE-SPY401 is a linear position sensor with 5mm measurement range, 24V max supply voltage, and 80mA output range. Ideal for diffuse photoelectric applications, it features a compact body of 26x20 mm and analog current output suitable for through-hole mounting.
EE-SPY402
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Output Range: 80mA; Termination Type: SOLDER; Maximum Operating Current: 15 mA;
EE-SPX303N
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,THROUGH BEAM;
EE-SPZ301W-02
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,THROUGH BEAM; Mounting Feature: BOARD MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 80mA; Body Width: 25 inch;
EE-SPZ301-A
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Output Range: 80mA; Minimum Measurement Range (mm): 200 mm; Maximum Supply Voltage: 24 V;
EE-SPZ301W-01
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,THROUGH BEAM; Mounting Feature: BOARD MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 80mA; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 30 mm;
EE-SPWL311
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,THROUGH BEAM; Mounting Feature: CHASSIS MOUNT; Housing: PLASTIC; Minimum Operating Temperature: -10 Cel; Additional Features: IEC IP60; Body Width: 8.6 inch;
EE-SPZ301Y-01
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: BOARD MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 80mA; Body Length/Diameter: 26 mm;
EE-SPX414-P1
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,RETROREFLECTIVE; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 0-40mA; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): .003 mm; Body Length/Diameter: 28 mm;
EE-SPY415
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: DIGITAL VOLTAGE; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 0.40-0.90V; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 19 mm; Body Height: 33 mm;
EE-SPY801
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Minimum Supply Voltage: 12 V; Housing: ETHYLENE TETRAFLUORO ETHYLENE; Maximum Supply Voltage: 24 V;
EE-SPZ301
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Output Range: 80mA; Maximum Supply Voltage: 24 V; Minimum Supply Voltage: 5 V;
EE-SPX403N
EE-SPX6131M
EE-SPY8012M
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 100mA; Minimum Supply Voltage: 12 V; Maximum Measurement Range (mm): 5 mm;
EE-SPWD311
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,THROUGH BEAM; Mounting Feature: CHASSIS MOUNT; Minimum Supply Voltage: 4.75 V; Maximum Operating Current: 20 mA; Housing: PLASTIC; Body Length/Diameter: 25.4 mm;
EE-SPY802
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Body Height: 32 mm; Minimum Operating Temperature: -10 Cel; Maximum Operating Current: 30 mA;
EE-SPY301
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Output Range: 80mA; Termination Type: SOLDER; Maximum Supply Voltage: 24 V;
EE-SPY8022M
LINEAR POSITION SENSOR,PHOTOELECTRIC,DIFFUSE; Output Type: ANALOG CURRENT; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Output Range: 100mA; Maximum Operating Temperature: 55 Cel; Response Time: 5000 us;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved