Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
LQP03TQ3N6B02D by Murata is a surface mount fixed inductor with 0.0036 uH nominal inductance, 8000 MHz self-resonance frequency, and 125 °C max operating temperature. It is designed for RF applications due to its high quality factor and dual-ended terminal placement.
Median Price
$0.100
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
3
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Mouser Electronics
1+ parts
100+ parts
$0.030
1k+ parts
$0.022
10k+ parts
$0.017
Nova Conductors
$0.023
-
Vyrian
Argo Parts USA
Continental Prestige Electronics
Netroflash
AZTECH Wire
$12.580
This feature allows for easy installation and saves space on the circuit board.
Dual ended terminal placement provides flexibility in circuit design and allows for easy connections.
Tested at a high frequency, ensuring reliable performance in RF applications.
Compact size code makes it suitable for use in small electronic devices.
Secure packing method ensures safe transit and storage of the inductor.
Specifically designed for RF applications, ensuring optimal performance.
Rectangular shape allows for efficient placement on the circuit board.
Two terminals provide ease of connection and stability in the circuit.
Surface mount technology makes it suitable for automated assembly processes.
Provides the required inductance for the circuit to function properly.
Wraparound terminals ensure secure connections and prevent disconnection.
Can operate at high temperatures without compromising performance.
Can handle high currents without overheating or damage.
High quality factor ensures efficient energy storage and minimal losses.
Can operate in extreme cold temperatures without performance issues.
Versatile inductor suitable for a wide range of applications.
High self-resonance frequency ensures stability and reliable performance in RF circuits.
Low resistance ensures efficient power transfer and minimal energy loss.
Low profile design saves space and allows for compact circuitry.
Low tolerance ensures accurate and consistent inductance values in the circuit.
Compact length makes it suitable for small electronic devices.
Narrow width allows for efficient placement on the circuit board.
Fixed Inductors LQP03TQ3N6B02D attributes and parameters. Explore more Fixed Inductors devices from Murata Manufacturing
Inductor Type:
Inductor Application:
Nominal Inductance:
Maximum Rated Current:
Minimum Quality Factor (at L-nom):
DC Resistance:
Tolerance:
No. of Functions:
Self Resonance Frequency:
Test Frequency:
Package Shape:
Case or Size Code:
Shielded:
Surface Mounted:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Terminal Position:
Terminal Shape:
No. of Terminals:
Package Style:
Package Length:
Package Height:
Package Width:
Packing Method:
LQP03TQ3N6B02D Inductors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8504.50.80.00
SB
8504.50.00.00
Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is a Japanese electronics manufacturer founded in 1944 by Akira Murata. Through its expansive supply chain network and innovative product portfolio, Murata designs and manufactures a wide variety of electronic components including capacitors, inductor coils, buzzers, sensors and more for applications in the automotive, medical, industrial and consumer sectors. Based in Nagaokakyo City in Kyoto Prefecture of Japan, Murata operates factories around the world with other facilities located throughout Asia Pacific region such as China and Thailand; North America; Europe; Latin America; Middle East & Africa; as well as Oceania.
Chairman of the Board
Tsuneo Murata
President
Norio Nakajima
Senior Executive VP, Board Member
Hiroshi Iwatsubo
Murata Integrated Passive Solution
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1989
France
Caen
Wafer Capacity
12,500
Sendai Fab
2008
Japan
Sendai
20,000
Kanazawa - Fab 2
2016
Hakusan
10,000
Komoro
1980
Yasu Plant
1987
Yasu
14,500
Kanazawa Plant
1985
5,000
Vantaa - Fab 1
1998
Finland
Vantaa
Vantaa - Fab 2
2006
12,000
LL4148
Rfe International
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N7002-T1-E3
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's 2N7002-T1-E3 is a N-CHANNEL FET for SWITCHING applications. Features include 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, 0.115A Drain Current, and 7.5 ohm On Resistance. With ENHANCEMENT MODE operation, this GULL WING transistor is ideal for small outline surface mount designs up to 150°C.
BAV99
Zetex Plc
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N2222A
New Jersey Semiconductor Products
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A; Package Shape: ROUND;
2N7002,215
NXP Semiconductors
2N7002,215 by NXP Semiconductors is a small signal N-CHANNEL FET with a min DS breakdown voltage of 60V and max drain current of 0.3A. It is used for switching applications in enhancement mode, operates b/w -65 to 150 °C, and has a max power dissipation of 0.2W.
CRCW06030000Z0EAHP
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW06030000Z0EAHP is a 0 ohm jumper resistor with METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM tech. Operating temp range -55 to 155 °C, it's SMT package style makes it ideal for automotive applications meeting AEC-Q200 standard.
Itt Semiconductor
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 250 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
SS14
Panjit International
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2N7002
Micro Commercial Components
Small Signal Field-Effect Transistors; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Transistor Application: SWITCHING; Maximum Drain Current (ID): .34 A; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE;
Temic Semiconductors
MBRS3200T3G
Onsemi
MBRS3200T3G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max output current of 3A and a max forward voltage of 0.59V. It operates in temperatures ranging from -65°C to 175°C, making it suitable for power applications. The diode has a peak repetitive reverse voltage of 200V and is designed for surface mount installation in electronic circuits.
BSS123,215
Nexperia
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1; No. of Terminals: 3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): 30;
M39029/58-360
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's M39029/58-360 is a CRIMP terminal backshell for 22-28 AWG wires, rated at 5A. Ideal for male contacts in Mil-Spec applications, it offers a cross-section area of 0.34 mm2 and ensures secure connections in demanding environments.
Infineon Technologies
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: NO; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
LM107H/883
Texas Instruments
LM107H/883 by Texas Instruments is a MIL-STD-883 compliant operational amplifier with 3000uV max input offset voltage, 80dB common mode reject ratio, and 250kHz unity gain bandwidth. Ideal for military applications due to its -55 to 125 °C operating temperature range and robust metal package body material.
Dionics-usa
NPN; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Nominal Transition Frequency (fT): 300 MHz; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .5 W; Maximum Collector Current (IC): .8 A;
SS495ASP
Micro Switch
The Micro Switch SS495ASP is an analog circuit IC with a supply voltage range of 4.5V to 10.5V, suitable for automotive applications. Its package body material is plastic/epoxy, and it has a rectangular shape with three terminals. Operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 125°C, making it ideal for various automotive sensor and control systems.
National Semiconductor
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .2 W; Package Style (Meter): SMALL OUTLINE; Terminal Position: DUAL;
LM555CM
Fairchild Semiconductor
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
LM107H
Rochester Electronics
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: TO-99; Package Shape: ROUND;
XAL5030-332MEC
Coilcraft
Coilcraft XAL5030-332MEC is a shielded, surface mount inductor with 3.3uH nominal inductance and 8.1A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125°C, featuring a self-resonance frequency of 28MHz.
B82732F2451B001
TDK
The TDK B82732F2451B001 is a general purpose inductor with 100000 uH nominal inductance, 2.93 ohm DC resistance, and 0.45 A max rated current. It is used as a power inductor for various applications due to its ferrite core material and dual in-line terminal placement.
SDR0604-100ML
Bourns
Bourns SDR0604-100ML is a surface mount fixed inductor with 10uH nominal inductance, 1.45A max current, and 23MHz self-resonance freq. Ideal for power applications due to its cylindrical shape, dual-ended terminals, and ferrite core material. Operating temp range -40°C to 125°C makes it versatile for various electronic devices.
DRA74-4R7-R
Cooper Industries
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: DC-DC CONVERTER; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): SMT; Shielded: YES; Surface Mount: YES;
U07-2
Torotel Products
The Torotel Products U07-2 is a shielded RF inductor with 12000 uH nominal inductance, 1.17 ohm DC resistance, and molybdenum permalloy core. It has radial terminal placement, operates b/w -55 to 85 °C, and is a general purpose inductor suitable for various applications requiring 0.001 MHz test frequency.
2100LL-101-V-RC
Bourns 2100LL-101-V-RC is a shielded fixed inductor with 100uH nominal inductance, 4.3A max current, and 0.036 ohm DC resistance. Ideal for high current applications, it has radial terminals and operates b/w -55 to 125°C.
#919AS-1R0N=P3
Murata Manufacturing
Murata Manufacturing's #919AS-1R0N=P3 is a shielded SMT inductor with 1uH nominal inductance, 9.7A max current, and 30% tolerance. Ideal for general purpose applications requiring high current handling in compact spaces.
B82422-T1104-K
Siemens
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: RF INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES; Minimum Quality Factor (at L-nom): 20;
B82477G4472M000
B82477G4472M000 by TDK is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 4.7uH nominal inductance and 6.8A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it operates b/w -55 to 125°C and features a ferrite core material.
VLF302515MT-2R2M
VLF302515MT-2R2M by TDK is a shielded, surface mount inductor with 2.2uH nominal inductance and 1.41A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, this general purpose inductor has a compact 1210 size and operates b/w -40°C to 105°C temperature range.
LQM21PHR54NG0D
LQM21PHR54NG0D by Murata is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 0.54uH nominal inductance. It operates b/w -55 to 150 °C and has a max rated current of 1.3A, making it ideal for power applications requiring general purpose inductors.
ELGTEA3R3NA
Panasonic
ELGTEA3R3NA by Panasonic is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 3.3uH nominal inductance and 0.8A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it has dual-ended terminals, operates b/w -40 to 125 °C, and features a compact 0805 size package.
MLZ2012N150LTD25
MLZ2012N150LTD25 by TDK is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 15uH nominal inductance and 0.35A max rated current. Ideal for general purpose applications, it features dual-ended terminals, ferrite core material, and operates b/w -55°C to 125°C.
NRS4018T4R7MDGJ8
Taiyo Yuden
NRS4018T4R7MDGJ8 by Taiyo Yuden is a shielded, surface mount fixed inductor with 4.7uH nominal inductance and 1.7A max rated current. Ideal for power applications, it operates b/w -40 to 125 °C with DC resistance of 0.07 ohm at 20% tolerance.
IHLP5050FDER3R3M01
Vishay Dale
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: HIGH CURRENT INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Shielded: YES; Surface Mount: YES; Core Material: COMPOSITE;
CM322522-100KL
Bourns CM322522-100KL is a 10uH SMT inductor with 2.1 ohm DC resistance, ideal for RF applications. Featuring a max operating temperature of 125°C and Q measured at 2.52 MHz, it offers high quality factor and self-resonance frequency of 30 MHz. This general purpose inductor has dual-ended terminals and ferrite core, suitable for various electronic circuits.
XFL4020-332MEB
XFL4020-332MEB by Coilcraft is a surface mount, shielded fixed inductor with a nominal inductance of 3.3 uH and max rated current of 5.2 A. It is commonly used as a power inductor in general purpose applications.
LQW15AN5N1C00D
Murata Manufacturing's LQW15AN5N1C00D is a 0402-sized wirewound chip inductor with 0.0051 uH nominal inductance. Ideal for RF applications, it has a max operating temperature of 125 °C and self-resonance frequency of 8000 MHz. With dual-ended terminals and matte tin finish, it offers high quality factor at 250 MHz test frequency.
DR125-330-R
Coiltronics
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: POWER INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): SMT; Shielded: YES; Surface Mount: YES;
36501E3N9JTDG
TE Connectivity's 36501E3N9JTDG is a surface mount fixed inductor with dual-ended terminals, ideal for RF applications. Featuring a nominal inductance of 0.0039 uH and max rated current of 0.84 A, this general purpose inductor operates b/w -40 to 125 °C with a self-resonance frequency of 5800 MHz.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
LQP03TN9N1J02D
GENERAL PURPOSE INDUCTOR; Inductor Application: RF INDUCTOR; No. of Terminals: 2; Package Style (Meter): SMT; Shielded: NO; Surface Mount: YES;
LQP03TN3N3B02D
LQP03TN3N3B02D by Murata Manufacturing is a surface mount fixed inductor with dual-ended terminal placement. It has a nominal inductance of 0.0033 uH and can operate at temperatures up to 125 °C. This general purpose inductor is commonly used in RF applications.
LQP02TN1N7B02D
LQP02TN1N7B02D by Murata is a surface mount fixed inductor with dual-ended terminals, suitable for RF applications. It offers a nominal inductance of 0.0017 uH, max operating temperature of 125°C, and self-resonance frequency of 9500 MHz. Ideal for general purpose use due to its compact size and high quality factor.
LQP03HQ3N6B02D
LQP03HQ3N6B02D by Murata is a fixed inductor with 0.0036uH nominal inductance, 500MHz test frequency, and 7000MHz self-resonance frequency. It is a surface-mount RF inductor suitable for general purpose applications due to its high quality factor and low DC resistance.
LQP03TG3N6B02D
LQP02TQ1N0B02D
LQP03TN3N6B02D
LQP03TN3N6BZ2D
Murata Manufacturing's LQP03TN3N6BZ2D is a fixed inductor with 0.0036uH nominal inductance, 6000MHz self-resonance frequency, and 125°C max operating temp. Ideal for RF applications due to its small size (0201) and high quality factor of 14 at L-nom.
LQP02TQ3N9B02D
LQP02TQ3N9B02D by Murata is a surface mount fixed inductor with 0.0039 uH nominal inductance, 9000 MHz self-resonance frequency, and 125 °C max operating temperature. It is used as an RF inductor for general purpose applications requiring high quality factor and low DC resistance.
LQP03TN1N2B02D
LQP03TN1N0B02J
LQP02TQ3N6B02D
LQP02TQ3N6B02D by Murata is a surface mount fixed inductor with dual-ended terminals. It has a nominal inductance of 0.0036 uH and max rated current of 0.28 A, making it ideal for RF applications due to its self-resonance frequency of 9700 MHz. This general-purpose inductor operates b/w -55 to 125 °C and offers a min quality factor of 10 at the nominal inductance level.
LQP03TN10NH02D
LQP03TN1N0B02D
LQP03TN2N2B02D
LQP03TN2N4B02D
LQP03TN3N1B02D
LQP03TN8N2H02D
LQP03TN15NH02D
LQP03TN15NH02D by Murata is a chip inductor with 0.015 uH nominal inductance, 500 MHz test frequency, and 2600 MHz self-resonance frequency. It is used as an RF inductor for general purpose applications due to its compact size (0201) and dual-ended terminal placement.
LQP03TQ3N6B02J
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved