Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Terminal Shape: WIRE; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 230 V;
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
1
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
AZTECH Wire
$13.930
Non-linear Resistors V360ZU05PX2855 attributes and parameters. Explore more Non-linear Resistors devices from Littelfuse
Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage:
Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity:
JESD-609 Code:
Mounting Type:
No. of Terminals:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Package Style (Meter):
Packing Method:
Rated Temperature:
Resistor Type:
Sub-Category:
Technology:
Terminal Finish:
Terminal Placement:
Terminal Shape:
Operating Voltage:
V360ZU05PX2855 Resistors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8533.40.40.00
SB
8533.40.00.80
PCN Packaging - Tape and Reel and Ammo Pack Radial MOV 29/Dec/2014
Littelfuse is a diversified industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Across more than 20 countries, and with approximately 18,000 global associates, we partner with customers to design and deliver innovative, reliable solutions. Serving over 100,000 end customers, our products are found in a variety of industrial, transportation, and electronics end markets—everywhere, every day. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States, Littelfuse was founded in 1927.
LD1117S33CTR
STMicroelectronics
STMicroelectronics LD1117S33CTR is a fixed positive single output LDO regulator with a nominal output voltage of 3.3V and max output current of 1.3A. It operates within an input voltage range of 4.75V to 15V, making it suitable for various applications requiring stable voltage regulation in compact designs. The device features low dropout voltage of 1.3V, high temperature operation up to 125°C, and small outline package style for space-constrained PCB layouts.
LL4148
Vishay Telefunken
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: WRAP AROUND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: ROUND;
SN65HVD234DR
Texas Instruments
SN65HVD234DR by Texas Instruments is an 8-terminal interface circuit with a data rate of 1 Mbps. Operating temperature ranges from -40 to 125 °C, making it ideal for automotive applications. With a supply voltage of 3.3 V and low current draw of 6 mA, it's suitable for network interfaces in compact designs.
OPA2277UA
OPA2277UA by Texas Instruments is a dual operational amplifier with low-offset voltage of 100 uV and micropower consumption of 1.65 mA. Ideal for industrial applications, it offers high common mode rejection ratio of 140 dB and unity gain bandwidth of 1000 kHz in a small outline package.
Itt Semiconductor
C1005X7R1E103K050BB
TDK
The TDK C1005X7R1E103K050BB is a ceramic capacitor with capacitance of 0.01uF and rated DC voltage of 25V. It features X7R temperature characteristics, -55 to 125°C operating range, and ±10% tolerance. Ideal for surface mount applications requiring compact size and stable performance in various electronic circuits.
SMBJ18CA
Multicomp Pro
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Diode Element Material: SILICON; Technology: AVALANCHE; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 18 V; Nominal Breakdown Voltage: 21.05 V;
87832-1420
Molex
87832-1420 by Molex is a 14-contact board connector with 0.079" pitch, suitable for commercial applications. It features matte tin over nickel finish, glass-filled polyamide insulator, and polarization key for easy assembly. Withstanding voltage of 1400VAC and operating temperature range from -55 to 105°C make it reliable for various electronic devices.
DS18B20Z+
Maxim Integrated
TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL; Mounting Feature: SURFACE MOUNT; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape or Style: RECTANGULAR; Body Width: 3.9 inch; Maximum Supply Voltage: 5.5 V;
BAV99
Sensitron Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM317T
Inchange Semiconductor
Other Regulators; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: NO; Technology: BIPOLAR; Minimum Output Voltage-1: 1.2 V; No. of Outputs: 1;
M24308/2-1F
Esterline Technologies
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mounting Option-1: HOLE .115-.125; Mounting Type: CABLE AND PANEL; Mating Contact Finish: NOT SPECIFIED;
MBR0520LT1
Onsemi
MBR0520LT1 by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with a max forward voltage of 0.385V and output current of 0.5A. It operates b/w -65°C to 125°C, making it suitable for applications requiring low power consumption in compact electronic devices. This single-configured diode is surface mountable and has a max repetitive peak reverse voltage of 20V, ideal for small outline package designs.
CRCW040210K0FKED
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW040210K0FKED is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.063 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics due to its compact SMT package style and high operating temperature range of -55 to 155 °C.
SS14
Pro-an Electronic
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Micronas Semiconductor Holding Ag
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; No. of Phases: 1; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; Maximum Output Current: .2 A; Maximum Forward Voltage (VF): 1.2 V;
FDD5614P
FDD5614P by Onsemi is a P-CHANNEL Power FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, ideal for SWITCHING applications. It features 45A IDM and 0.1 ohm RDS(ON), operating in ENHANCEMENT MODE at up to 175°C. The PLASTIC/EPOXY package with GULL WING terminals ensures efficient heat dissipation and reliable performance.
Samsung
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Maximum Load Regulation (%): 1.5 %; Operating Temperature (TJ-Min): 0 Cel; Maximum Line Regulation (%/V): .07;
SPC TECHNOLOGY/ MULTICOMP
BAV99WT1G
Fairchild Semiconductor
RUEF900
Littelfuse
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: .02 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 4.2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Terminal Shape: WIRE;
0ZCJ0035FF2G
Bel Fuse
Bel Fuse's 0ZCJ0035FF2G is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.3 ohm, operating voltage of 16V, and dual-ended terminal placement. Ideal for automotive applications due to AEC-Q200 compliance and compact SMT package measuring 3.5mm x 1.8mm x 0.75mm.
RXEF185
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's RXEF185 is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.12 ohm and max operating temp of 85°C. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, it features radial terminal placement and disk package shape. With 72V operating voltage, it is suitable for through hole mounting in various electronic circuits.
PFRA.110
Schurter Ag
Schurter Ag's PFRA.110 is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.1 ohm and rated AC voltage of 40V. Its cylindrical package, radial terminal placement, and through hole mounting make it ideal for overcurrent protection in various electronic applications.
USP10975
Littelfuse USP10975 NTC Thermistor has 10000 ohm resistance with 1% tolerance. It is a chassis mount device with flexible wire terminals, operating b/w -55 to 125 °C. Ideal for temperature sensing applications due to its high thermal sensitivity index of 3892 K.
RXEF075-AP
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Terminal Placement: RADIAL; Terminal Shape: WIRE;
B72210S0271K101V87
B72210S0271K101V87 by TDK is a VARISTOR with 43J energy capacity, 275V RMS voltage, and 350V operating voltage. It has RADIAL terminals and DISK PACKAGE shape. Ideal for surge protection in electronics due to its high energy absorption and voltage ratings.
B57237-S220-M
Siemens
NTC THERMISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: 22 ohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 170 Cel; Shape (Package): DISK PACKAGE; No. of Terminals: 2;
SMD030F-2018-2
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: .5 ohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Operating Voltage: 60 V; Terminal Shape: FLAT;
RXEF185-2
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Thermistor Application: TEMPERATURE SENSING; Additional Features: 0.08-0.12 OHMS AT 20 DEG CEL; JESD-609 Code: e3;
NTCS0603E3103HMT
Vishay Bc Components
NTC THERMISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 10000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .125 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Tolerance: 3 %;
RXEF185K
TE Connectivity's RXEF185K is a PTC thermistor with 0.19 ohm resistance and 72V operating voltage. It offers overload protection in applications, featuring radial terminal placement and disk package shape. With CSA, TUV, UL certifications, it operates b/w -40°C to 85°C temperatures.
B72580E0250K062
B72580E0250K062 by TDK is a varistor with 25V max RMS voltage and 31V operating voltage. It has a rated temperature of 150°C, metal oxide film technology, and can absorb up to 3.7J energy. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance and high energy absorption capacity.
RXEF020-2
PTC RESETTABLE FUSE; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Additional Features: 1.83-2.75 OHMS AT 20 DEG CEL; Rated AC Voltage (URac): 72 V; JESD-609 Code: e3;
1812L010DR
1812L010DR by Littelfuse is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 1.6 ohm, suitable for overcurrent protection applications. It features dual-ended terminals in a rectangular SMT package, with matte tin finish and max operating temperature of 85°C. Ideal for circuit protection with a max DC voltage of 30V.
11026330-00
TE Connectivity's 11026330-00 is a non-linear resistor with 1000000 ohm resistance, suitable for temperature sensing applications. Featuring radial terminal placement and flexible wire shape, it has a thermal sensitivity index of 4803 K. With a max operating temperature of 150°C and min of -40°C, this chassis mount resistor is ideal for various temperature monitoring systems.
MICROSMD075F-2
TE Connectivity's MICROSMD075F-2 is a PTC resettable fuse with a rated AC voltage of 6V. Featuring dual-ended terminals and a rectangular package, it is ideal for temperature sensing applications. With a max operating temperature of 85°C, this surface-mount thermistor offers reliable protection in various electronic devices.
NCP18XH103F0SRB
Murata Manufacturing
Murata Manufacturing's NCP18XH103F0SRB is a 10000 ohm NTC thermistor with 1% tolerance. It has a thermal sensitivity index of 3380 K and can operate b/w -40 to 125 °C. Ideal for temperature sensing applications, this surface mount device features dual-ended terminals in a rectangular package.
16R1000GMR
16R1000GMR by Littelfuse is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.004 ohm, operating voltage of 16V, and max temp of 85°C. Ideal for overcurrent protection in various applications due to its radial terminal placement and rectangular package shape. CUL, TUV, UL certified for quality assurance.
2920L330/24MR
2920L330/24MR by Littelfuse is a PTC resettable fuse with resistance of 0.015 ohm and operating voltage of 24V. It is used for overcurrent protection in various applications due to its dual-ended terminal placement and rectangular SMT package design. With a temperature range from -40°C to 85°C, it meets CUL, TUV, and UL standards.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
V360ZA05X1347
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; Minimum Operating Temperature: -55 Cel; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 9.5 J;
V360ZA05PW
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Terminal Placement: RADIAL; Packing Method: BULK; Rated Temperature: 85 Cel;
V360RA16
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Terminal Shape: WIRE; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb); No. of Terminals: 2;
V360ZA05PX2855
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 230 V; Terminal Finish: TIN OVER NICKEL;
V360ZA05PWX1347
VARISTOR; Manufacturer Series: ZA;
V360ZA05
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb); Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 230 V;
V360ZA05X2855
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Packing Method: BULK; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 9.5 J;
V360CH8S
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .25 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Length (Package): 10.21 mm;
V360ZA05PWX10
V360RA16X2749
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 230 V; Packing Method: BULK; No. of Terminals: 2;
V360ZA05PX1347
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Energy Absorbing Capacity: 9.5 J; Operating Voltage: 300 V; Maximum Circuit DC Voltage: 300 V; Maximum Circuit RMS Voltage: 230 V;
V360ZA05PWX2855
V360RA8X2749
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Width (Package): 5.2 mm; No. of Terminals: 2; Terminal Placement: RADIAL;
V360ZA05X10
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Rated Temperature: 85 Cel; Operating Voltage: 300 V;
V360CH8X3313
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .25 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Terminal Placement: DUAL ENDED;
V360ZA05P
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 125 Cel; Terminal Placement: RADIAL; No. of Terminals: 2;
V360CH8
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .25 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Terminal Finish: SILVER PLATINUM; Package Style (Meter): SMT;
V360CH8T
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .25 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; Technology: METAL OXIDE FILM; Length (Package): 10.21 mm;
V360RA8
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 Cel; No. of Terminals: 2; Width (Package): 5.2 mm; Terminal Shape: WIRE;
V360ZA05PX10
VARISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .2 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Packing Method: BULK; Terminal Finish: MATTE TIN;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved