Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
23_SMA-50-0-11/111_NE by Huber+suhner Ag is a SSMA Connector with threaded coupling, gold shell finish, and 50 ohm impedance. It is suitable for RF applications up to 18 GHz, featuring a durable design with beryllium copper shell material and PTFE insulator. Ideal for commercial use in high-frequency environments requiring reliable signal transmission.
Median Price
$25.980
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
11
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
DigiKey
1+ parts
$23.110
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Newark
$28.850
$24.480
$21.710
Bristol Electronics
$16.800
$13.608
Nova Conductors
$17.720
Vyrian
VNN
Dan-Mar Components
ECAB
ACDS - Activité Composants Distribution Service
American Connector Supply Corp
Microwave Components, LLC
$11.740
$11.540
AZTECH Wire
$6.440
Netroflash
$17.366
$16.834
$16.480
The panel mount feature allows for secure and stable installation, ensuring a reliable connection.
The compact body depth makes this connector suitable for applications where space is limited.
Meeting MIL standards ensures high quality and performance standards for military applications.
The threaded coupling type provides a secure connection that is resistant to vibration and environmental factors.
The use of high-quality insulator materials ensures reliable signal transmission and resistance to environmental factors.
With a high maximum operating temperature, this connector can withstand a wide range of operating conditions.
IEC conformity guarantees that the connector meets international standards for quality and performance.
The low minimum operating temperature allows for reliable performance in extreme cold conditions.
The gold shell finish provides excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, ensuring a long-lasting connector.
The RF SMA connector type is commonly used in RF applications, providing compatibility and versatility.
With a durability of 500 cycles, this connector is designed to withstand repeated connections and disconnections.
The ability to mount on both cables and panels adds versatility to the connector's installation options.
The 50 ohm characteristic impedance is standard for RF applications, ensuring compatibility with other components.
The use of beryllium copper in the shell material provides excellent conductivity and mechanical strength.
The solder termination type allows for a secure and reliable connection between the connector and cables.
The female contact gender is commonly used in RF applications, providing compatibility with other components.
The jack body or shell style is a common and versatile design for connectors, providing easy connectivity.
The straight mounting style is simple and efficient, making installation quick and easy.
The coaxial contact style ensures good signal transmission and minimizes signal loss in the connector.
The terminal length of 0.197 inch provides a good balance between connection stability and space efficiency.
The locking mounting option adds extra security to the connection, preventing accidental disconnection.
With a high maximum operating frequency of 18 GHz, this connector is suitable for high-frequency RF applications.
The commercial reliability of this connector ensures consistent performance in various commercial applications.
SSMA Connectors 23_SMA-50-0-11/111_NE attributes and parameters. Explore more SSMA Connectors devices from Huber+suhner Ag
Additional Features:
Body Depth:
Body or Shell Style:
Characteristic Impedance:
Connector Type:
Mating Contact Finish:
Contact Gender:
Contact Material:
Contact Style:
Coupling Type:
DIN Conformance:
Durability:
Filter Feature:
IEC Conformity:
Insulator Material:
MIL Conformity:
Mounting Option-1:
Mounting Style:
Mounting Type:
No. of Ports:
Maximum Operating Frequency:
Maximum Operating Temperature (Cel):
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Option:
Panel Mount:
Reliability:
Shell Finish:
Shell Material:
Sub-Category:
Terminal Length:
Termination Type:
Total No. of Contacts:
23_SMA-50-0-11/111_NE Connectors trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8536.69.40.10
SB
We offer our customers around the globe outstanding products and services for their electrical and optical connectivity needs. We focus on the three main markets of industrial, communication and transportation which are addressed with applications from the three technologies radio frequency, fiber optics and low frequency. HUBER+SUHNER products deliver high performance, quality, reliability and a long service life – even under the toughest of conditions. A global production network, combined with subsidiaries and agencies in over 80 countries, puts HUBER+SUHNER close to its customers
SS14
Vishay Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358AN
Samsung
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Onsemi
KSZ9031RNXIA
Micrel
ETHERNET TRANSCEIVER; Temperature Grade: INDUSTRIAL; Terminal Form: NO LEAD; No. of Terminals: 48; Package Code: HVQCCN; Package Shape: SQUARE;
FDC5614P
FDC5614P by Onsemi is a P-CHANNEL Power FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, ideal for SWITCHING applications. It features 20A Max IDM and 0.105 ohm RDS(ON), operating in ENHANCEMENT MODE at -55 to 150 °C. This SMALL OUTLINE transistor has a built-in diode, GULL WING terminals, and METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR technology.
NE555D
STMicroelectronics
PULSE; RECTANGULAR; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
SN6505BDBVR
Texas Instruments
SN6505BDBVR by Texas Instruments is a small outline, low profile interface IC with 6 terminals. It operates b/w -55 to 125°C and supports a max output current of 1.5A at supply voltages ranging from 2.25V to 5.5V. Ideal for military-grade applications requiring compact design and high reliability.
BAV99
Taiwan Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM317AEMP/NOPB
LM317AEMP/NOPB by Texas Instruments is an adjustable positive single output standard regulator with a max output voltage of 37V and a max output current of 1.5A. It operates in temperatures ranging from -40°C to 125°C, making it suitable for various applications requiring precise voltage regulation in a compact package.
BSS84PH6327XTSA2
Infineon Technologies
BSS84PH6327XTSA2 by Infineon is a P-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS breakdown voltage, ideal for switching applications. It features a single configuration with built-in diode and operates in enhancement mode. With a max drain current of 0.17A and on-resistance of 8 ohm, it offers reliable performance in small outline packages.
Sangdest Microelectronics (Nanjing)
SMBJ18CA
Bourns
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148WT
Formosa Microsemi
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
RC0603FR-0710KL
Yageo
Yageo's RC0603FR-0710KL is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.1 W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and is ideal for surface mount applications in electronics requiring precise resistance values.
LM358N
Silicon Group
SDR0604-101KL
SDR0604-101KL by Bourns is a surface mount fixed inductor with a nominal inductance of 100 uH. It is a general purpose inductor suitable for power applications, with a max rated current of 0.52 A and a self-resonance frequency of 9 MHz.
LL4148-GS08
Vishay Intertechnology
The Vishay Intertechnology LL4148-GS08 is a glass diode with fast recovery time of 0.008 us and max reverse current of 5 uA. Ideal for applications requiring rectification, it has a breakdown voltage of 100 V and can handle a peak forward current of 2 A.
1N4148
Semiconductors
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: NO; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 100 V; Config: SINGLE; No. of Phases: 1; No. of Elements: 1;
NUP2105LT1G
NUP2105LT1G by Onsemi is a Transient Suppression Device with 350W power dissipation, 29.1V breakdown voltage, and 44V clamping voltage. Commonly used in electronic circuits for surge protection due to its bidirectional polarity and silicon diode element material.
BSS138
Siemens
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs): .36 W; Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance: 3.5 ohm; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb);
132170-12N
Amphenol
RF SMA CONNECTOR;
901-9610-3SF
Amphenol 901-9610-3SF is an RF SMA connector with 0.11 dB insertion loss, gold termination finish, and 50 ohm impedance. Ideal for panel mounting in applications up to 12.4 GHz, it features a threaded coupling type and PTFE insulator material for reliable commercial use with RG/U-188 cables.
7009-1511-000
Radiall S A
RF SSMB CONNECTOR; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Shell Finish: GOLD; JESD-609 Code: e4; DIN Conformance: NO; IEC Conformity: NO;
901-143-6RFX
Amphenol 901-143-6RFX is an SSMA connector with gold termination, PTFE insulator, and 50 ohm impedance. It operates b/w -65 to 165 °C, has 0.13 dB insertion loss, and can handle up to 18 GHz frequency. Ideal for RF applications requiring high durability and low VSWR.
901-9875
Amphenol 901-9875 is an RF SMA connector with threaded coupling, gold termination, and PTFE insulator. It offers low insertion loss of 0.25 dB and VSWR of 1.51 up to 18 GHz. Ideal for panel and cable mounting applications requiring a 50 ohm impedance connection.
142-0761-831
Bel Fuse
Bel Fuse's 142-0761-831 SSMA Connector features a body size of 0.25"x.25"x.375", with 50 ohm impedance and 700VAC dielectric voltage. Ideal for RF applications up to 26.5 GHz, this female coaxial jack has POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE insulation, operates b/w -65°C to 165°C, and offers high durability with 500 cycles lifespan.
R125462000
R125462000 by Radiall S A is an RF SMA connector with a threaded coupling type and gold termination finish. With a max operating frequency of 18 GHz and 50 ohm impedance, it is ideal for high-frequency applications requiring reliable signal transmission. This panel-mount connector with solder termination and PTFE insulator material is commonly used in microstrip mounting configurations.
R125.072.000
Radiall S A R125.072.000 SSMA Connector features 5000000000 ohm Insulation Resistance, 0.21 dB Insertion Loss, and 750VAC Dielectric Withstanding Voltage. Ideal for RF applications up to 12.4 GHz with RG-316 cable termination in commercial settings due to its durability and reliability over 500 cycles at temperatures ranging from -65 to 165 °C.
142-0307-411
Vertiv
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Termination Type: CRIMP; Body or Shell Style: JACK; Additional Features: APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 58/U; RG 141; RG 303, CAPTIVE CONTACT, INSERTION LOSS MAX AT 6 GHZ;
142-0801-811
Ef Johnson
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: MALE; MIL Conformity: NO; Body or Shell Style: RECEPTACLE; Termination Contact Finish: GOLD (30);
R125464270
Radiall S A's R125464270 is a RF SMA Connector with 50 ohm impedance, 0.296 dB insertion loss, and 1.16 VSWR. Ideal for applications up to 18 GHz, it features gold termination on a PTFE insulator in a panel mount receptacle design.
132275
Amphenol 132275 is an RF SMA connector with threaded coupling, gold finish, and 50 ohm impedance. Ideal for panel mount applications, it features a right angle mounting style and solder termination for female contacts. Made of polytetrafluoroethylene, it ensures reliable signal transmission in various electronic devices.
BJ76
Trompeter Electronics
RF TRIAXIAL CONNECTOR; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 1700VAC; Body Depth: 1.312 inch; Minimum Operating Temperature: -65 Cel;
2034-5005-00
Tyco Electronics M/a-com
2034-5005-00 by Tyco Electronics M/a-com is an RF SMA connector with a threaded coupling type and gold finish. It has a VSWR of 1.16, operates up to 12.4 GHz, and features a 50 ohm impedance. Ideal for panel mount applications requiring high-frequency signal transmission.
1045401-1
TE Connectivity
The TE Connectivity 1045401-1 SSMA Connector features an Insulation Resistance of 10^10 ohm, Insertion Loss of 0.2 dB, and Max Operating Frequency of 38 GHz. Ideal for RF applications, this threaded connector with a gold finish is designed for use in commercial settings with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohm.
73391-0320
Molex
Molex 73391-0320 is an RF SMA connector with gold/nickel termination, threaded coupling, and PTFE insulator. Ideal for board mounting in commercial applications, featuring a 50 ohm impedance and male contact gender. Suitable for right-angle installations with locking mounting option.
142-0701-491
Cinch Connectivity Solutions
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; IEC Conformity: NO; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED; Mating Info.: MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE;
132284RP
The Amphenol 132284RP is an RF SMA connector with a threaded coupling type and gold shell finish. It features a body depth of 0.414" and insulator material made of PTFE, suitable for RG-174/U cable termination in commercial applications. The connector has a brass shell, crimp termination, and male contact gender for reliable coaxial connections.
M39012/57-3029
Sv Microwave
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V): 1400VAC; Total No. of Contacts: 1; Insulation Resistance: 5000000000 ohm; Mounting Type: CABLE;
132241
Amphenol 132241 is an RF SMA Connector with 0.14 dB Insertion Loss, gold termination contact finish, and threaded coupling type. Ideal for applications requiring a 50 ohm characteristic impedance, it can be panel mounted and operates up to 12.4 GHz frequency.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
23_SMA-50-0-324/111_NY
Huber+suhner Ag
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mounting Style: STRAIGHT; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED;
23_SMA-50-0-1/111_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Total No. of Contacts: 1; Shell Material: BERYLLIUM COPPER;
23_SMA-50-0-13/111_NH
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Mounting Style: STRAIGHT; Shell Material: BERYLLIUM COPPER;
23_SMA-50-0-1/111_NH
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Shell Material: BERYLLIUM COPPER; Contact Material: NOT SPECIFIED;
23_SMA-50-0-12/111_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; MIL Conformity: YES; Maximum Operating Temperature (Cel): 125;
23_SMA-50-0-13/111_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Filter Feature: NO; MIL Conformity: YES;
23_SMA-50-0-167/199_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; MIL Conformity: YES; Body or Shell Style: JACK;
23_SMA-50-0-2/111_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Durability: 500 Cycles; Body Depth: .374 inch;
23_SMA-50-0-3/111_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Maximum Operating Temperature (Cel): 125; Minimum Operating Temperature: -65 Cel;
23_SMA-50-0-51/199_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Body or Shell Style: JACK; Coupling Type: THREADED;
23_SMA-50-0-54/199_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Body Depth: .311 inch; Terminal Length: .098 inch;
23_SMA-50-0-61/199_NE
RF SMA CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Reliability: COMMERCIAL; Contact Gender: FEMALE; Coupling Type: THREADED; JESD-609 Code: e4;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved