Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Carling Technologies VP1TT-B1199-DR13B is a ROCKER SWITCH with 0.4VA@28VDC DC power rating, 50M ohm insulation resistance, and 1500VRMS dielectric withstand volts. Ideal for applications requiring reliable switching in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85 °C.
Median Price
$6.310
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
2
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Nova Conductors
1+ parts
100+ parts
-
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Vyrian
Aranea Global
$6.184
$5.936
AZTECH Wire
$7.628
This high maximum power rating allows the switch to handle a significant amount of power, making it suitable for various applications.
The high insulation resistance ensures that the switch can maintain signal integrity and prevent leakage currents, ensuring reliable operation.
The wide body width provides ease of access and visibility, making it convenient to operate the switch.
Polyester is a durable and heat-resistant material, ensuring the longevity and reliability of the switch in various environmental conditions.
The compact body height allows for easy integration into a variety of electronic devices or control panels.
With a high maximum operating temperature, this switch can withstand heat and operate effectively even in demanding environments.
The low minimum operating temperature ensures that the switch can function reliably in cold conditions without any issues.
The rocker type actuator offers a user-friendly interface, allowing easy and intuitive operation of the switch.
Being a rocker switch, it offers a simple on/off function, making it suitable for various applications where a basic switch functionality is required.
The high dielectric withstand voltage ensures that the switch can safely handle voltage fluctuations without compromising safety or performance.
With low contact resistance, this switch offers efficient and reliable electrical connections, reducing the risk of voltage drops or signal interference.
Rocker Switches VP1TT-B1199-DR13B attributes and parameters. Explore more Rocker Switches devices from Carling Technologies
Type (Actuator):
Additional Features:
Body Width:
Body Height:
DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact):
Contact Resistance:
Dielectric Withstand Volts (V):
Insulation Resistance:
Insulator Material:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Switch Type:
VP1TT-B1199-DR13B Switches trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
ECCN
EAR99
ECCN Governance
EAR
HTS
8536.50.70.00
SB
There are few products that Carling Technologies hasn't turned "ON" and fewer industries that haven't turned to Carling for solutions. With ISO9001 and IATF 16949 registered manufacturing facilities and technical sales offices worldwide, Carling ranks among the world's largest manufacturers of circuit breakers, switches, power distribution units, digital switching systems and electronic controls. Business Acquisition November 30, 2021 Littelfuse, Inc. (NASDAQ: LFUS), an industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world, announced the completion of its acquisition of Carling Technologies, Inc.
LM317T
Samsung
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; Maximum Load Regulation (%): 1.5 %; Operating Temperature (TJ-Min): 0 Cel; Maximum Line Regulation (%/V): .07;
LIS2DH12TR
STMicroelectronics
LIS2DH12TR by STMicroelectronics is a 3-axis accelerometer with digital voltage output. It operates b/w -40 to 85°C, with supply voltage range of 1.71-3.6V. Ideal for applications requiring precise motion sensing in compact spaces like wearables and IoT devices.
SS14
Micro Commercial Components
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
MBR0540T1G
Onsemi
MBR0540T1G by Onsemi is a Schottky rectifier diode with max. forward voltage of 0.62V and max. output current of 0.5A, ideal for applications requiring high efficiency power conversion in small outline packages. Operating temp range: -55 to 150°C, with peak reflow temp at 260°C, making it suitable for various electronic devices needing reliable rectification performance in compact designs.
SMBJ18CA
Brightking
TRANS VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
M39029/58-360
Tri-star Electronics International
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; Material: COPPER ALLOY; MIL Conformity: YES; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-C-55302/69, MIL-C-38999; MIL-Connector Accessory Name: CONTACT; Terminal Type: CRIMP;
1N4148
Shenzhen Yixinsemi Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
1N4148WT
Eic Semiconductor
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: FLAT; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM317AEMP/NOPB
National Semiconductor
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE SINGLE OUTPUT STANDARD REGULATOR; No. of Terminals: 3; Package Code: SOP; Terminal Form: GULL WING; Qualification Status: Not Qualified; Width: 3.56 mm;
BSS138-TP
BSS138-TP by Micro Commercial Components is a N-channel small signal FET with a min DS breakdown voltage of 50V and max drain current of 0.22A. It is commonly used in applications requiring enhancement mode operation, such as power management and switching circuits.
LM555CM
Intersil
Analog Waveform Generation Functions; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
CRCW040210K0FKED
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW040210K0FKED is a fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.063 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics due to its compact SMT package style and high operating temperature range of -55 to 155 °C.
DS18B20+
Analog Devices
DS18B20+ by Analog Devices is a 12-bit temperature sensor with 3.3/5V supply, -55 to 125°C range, and ±0.50°C accuracy. It features a 1-Wire interface for digital output and is commonly used in applications requiring precise temperature monitoring in various industries.
1N4148WS
Rectron
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM107H/883
Advanced Micro Devices
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Low-Offset: NO;
NE555D
NXP Semiconductors
SQUARE; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR; Surface Mount: YES;
BAV99
Lite-on Technology
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Terminal Finish: Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb); Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Maximum Output Current: .1 A; Maximum Reverse Recovery Time: .006 us;
ABS07-32.768KHZ-T
Abracon
Abracon ABS07-32.768KHZ-T crystal oscillator offers 20 ppm frequency tolerance, 144% stability, and 70000 ohm series resistance. Ideal for applications requiring 0.032768 MHz frequency precision in a compact surface-mount design with gold over nickel finish.
Zetex Plc
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
LM358MX
ROHM
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Code: LSOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
A8A-223-1
Omron
ROCKER SWITCH;
TIGM51-6M-BL-MBL
Carling Technologies
Carling Technologies TIGM51-6M-BL-MBL is a DPDT rocker switch with 25000 cycles electrical life. It has 15A@125VAC AC max rating and 15A@28VDC DC max rating. Ideal for panel mounting applications requiring ON-OFF-ON contact function.
A8A-207-2F
DM64J72S205Q3
C & K Components
ROCKER SWITCH; Mounting Feature: PANEL MOUNT; Switch Function: DPST; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Contact Function: ON-OFF; Insulation Resistance: 1000000000 ohm;
A8GS-P1110
Rocker Switches; JESD-609 Code: e4; Terminal Finish: Silver (Ag);
A101J1AV2Q004
TE Connectivity
TE Connectivity's A101J1AV2Q004 is a black SPDT rocker switch with 6000 cycles electrical life. It has a max AC contact current of 2A and operates b/w -30 to 85°C. Ideal for panel mounting applications requiring ON-ON contact function at up to 250V AC or 28V DC loads.
XRXAXXXNV1CU
Eaton Corporation
PRDDA1-16F-BB000
TE Connectivity's PRDDA1-16F-BB000 is a DPST rocker switch with 16A AC/DC contact current, silver plating, and latched switch action. Ideal for panel mounting applications, this black actuator rocker switch offers ON-OFF functionality with a max voltage of 125V.
DF62J12S2AHQA
ROCKER SWITCH; Mounting Feature: THROUGH HOLE-RIGHT ANGLE; Switch Function: DPST; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Contact Function: OFF-ON; Material (Actuator): NYLON;
V8D1S004-00000-000
Carling Technologies V8D1S004-00000-000 is a SPDT rocker switch with 20A@12VDC rating. Insulation resistance of 50MΩ, dielectric withstand volts of 1500VRMS, and quick connect termination make it ideal for panel mount applications in various industries.
A8GS-P1285
Rocker Switches; Terminal Finish: Silver (Ag); JESD-609 Code: e4;
SRB22A2BBBNN
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
ROCKER SWITCH; Mounting Feature: PANEL MOUNT; Switch Function: SPST; Type (Actuator): CURVED TYPE; Contact Function: ON-OFF; Terminal Material: COPPER ALLOY;
A8A-201-1F
A8GS-D1183
Rocker Switches;
TIGM5B-6S-BL-MBL
Carling Technologies TIGM5B-6S-BL-MBL is a DPDT rocker switch with 25000 cycle electrical life. It has a max AC contact current of 15A@125VAC and DC contact current of 15A@28VDC. Ideal for panel mounting applications requiring ON-OFF-(ON) functionality in various industries.
A8A-213-2A
ROCKER SWITCH; Manufacturer Series: A8A;
1TP65-5
Honeywell Sensing And Control
1TP65-5 by Honeywell is a SPDT rocker switch with dust and water-proof sealing. It has a max AC contact current of 10A@277VAC and operates at temperatures up to 71°C. Ideal for panel mounting applications, this switch offers latched and momentary switch action for versatile use.
V8D1S00B-CZC00-000
Carling Technologies V8D1S00B-CZC00-000 is a SPDT rocker switch with 20A@12VDC rating. With insulation resistance of 50MΩ, it operates b/w -40 to 85°C. Ideal for panel mounting applications requiring momentary ON-OFF-ON function.
R723FF3-SXXX4B2RRW
E-switch
A8A-226-1
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
VP1T0-B1ZRZ-00000
Carling Technologies VP1T0-B1ZRZ-00000 is a ROCKER SWITCH with 0.4VA@28VDC DC power rating, 50000000 ohm insulation resistance, and 1500VRMS dielectric withstand volts. Ideal for applications requiring reliable switching in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85 °C.
VP1TN-B1199-DR100
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Insulator Material: POLYESTER; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm;
VP1TN-B1199-DR1DN
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Body Width: 20.828 inch; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm;
VP1TT-B1199-DR1DN
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Body Width: 20.828 inch; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Insulator Material: POLYESTER;
VP1TT-B1199-23000
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm;
VP1TT-B1199-2J1DX-XJC1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Insulator Material: POLYESTER; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm; Body Height: 27.4066 mm;
VP1TT-B1199-5G15E
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Body Height: 27.4066 mm;
VP1TT-B1199-8313B
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Insulator Material: POLYESTER; Body Height: 27.4066 mm; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel;
VP1TT-B1199-83180
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Body Height: 27.4066 mm; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS;
VP1TT-B1199-DA1XX-XSB1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Body Height: 27.4066 mm; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm;
VP1TT-B1199-DV1DX
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Body Width: 20.828 inch; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm;
VP1TT-B1199-DX4DV-XJC1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm; Body Width: 20.828 inch; Body Height: 27.4066 mm;
VP1TT-B1199-XX100-XUT1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Body Width: 20.828 inch; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm;
VP1TT-B1199-XX1XX-XEE2
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Insulator Material: POLYESTER; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC;
VP1TT-B1199-XX1XX-XRD2
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm;
VP1TT-B1199-XX1XX-XSF1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; Body Height: 27.4066 mm;
VP1TT-B1199-XX1XX-XSN1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES;
VP1TT-B1199-Y3180
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Minimum Operating Temperature: -40 Cel; Insulation Resistance: 50000000 ohm;
VP1TT-B1199-Y34XX-XJC1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Dielectric Withstand Volts (V): 1500VRMS; Maximum Operating Temperature: 85 Cel; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Insulator Material: POLYESTER;
VP1TTB1199Y31XXXPM1
ROCKER SWITCH; Type (Actuator): ROCKER; Body Width: 20.828 inch; Additional Features: DOUBLE POLE SWITCHES; DC Maximum Power Rating R Load (Contact): 0.4VA@28VDC; Contact Resistance: 10 mohm;
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved