Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Analog Devices' 2S54/440 is a 14-bit LVDT/RVDT to digital converter with max supply voltage of ±15.75 V, operating temp range -55 to 125°C, and signal frequency of 5000 Hz. Ideal for military applications requiring precise data acquisition in harsh environments.
Median Price
-
Lifecycle Status
Suppliers In-Stock
2
In-Stock Inventory
1k+
Vyrian
1+ parts
100+ parts
1k+ parts
10k+ parts
Digiode
Native Components
$9.136
Northwest PG Solutions
$10.050
$9.045
One Stop Electronics
$13.000
AZTECH Wire
$13.970
Parana Technologies
$19.598
$18.226
IDEA Electronic Components Group
$21.073
$20.019
DigiPath Technology Company
$32.874
$31.559
Corphita
This material combination provides durability and protection for the internal components of the product, ensuring long-term reliability.
The high maximum supply voltage allows for versatile use in different applications with varying power requirements.
The rectangular shape makes the product easy to integrate into existing systems or circuits.
The high number of bits allows for high resolution and accuracy in data acquisition and conversion.
The wide range of negative supply voltage ensures compatibility with various power sources and configurations.
The multiple power supply options provide flexibility in powering the device in different scenarios.
The high number of terminals allows for easy connections and integration with other components.
The in-line package style is space-efficient and suitable for applications with limited space constraints.
The high maximum operating temperature ensures reliable performance even in challenging environmental conditions.
The wide temperature range enables the product to operate in extreme cold conditions without compromising performance.
The tin/lead terminal finish provides good solderability and conductivity for secure connections.
The high maximum analog input voltage allows for accurate conversion of a wide range of input signals.
The hybrid technology combines the benefits of different technologies, resulting in improved performance and efficiency.
The low maximum supply current ensures minimal power consumption, making the product energy-efficient.
Data Acquisition ADCs & DACs 2S54/440 attributes and parameters. Explore more Data Acquisition ADCs & DACs devices from Analog Devices
Converter Type:
Technology:
Sub-Category:
No. of Functions:
Signal or Output Frequency:
Nominal Supply Voltage:
No. of Bits:
Minimum Supply Voltage:
Maximum Supply Voltage:
Maximum Analog Input Voltage:
Minimum Negative Supply Voltage:
Nominal Negative Supply Voltage:
Maximum Negative Supply Voltage:
Maximum Supply Current:
Power Supplies:
Minimum Operating Temperature:
Maximum Operating Temperature:
Temperature Grade:
Terminal Form:
Terminal Position:
No. of Terminals:
Terminal Pitch:
Surface Mount:
Terminal Finish:
Width:
Maximum Seated Height:
Package Body Material:
Package Style:
Package Shape:
Package Code:
Package Equivalence Code:
JESD-30 Code:
JESD-609 Code:
Qualified:
2S54/440 Converters trade compliance attributes, and parameters.
HTS
8542.39.00.01
SB
8542.39.00.00
Analog Devices Inc. (ADI) is one of the leading companies in the areas of integrated circuit (IC) design, manufacturing, testing, and marketing. ADI is known for their high-performance semiconductor solutions which enable customers to create innovative systems that solve critical challenges. The company has over 40 years of experience in the industry and has been consistently recognized as an industry leader for its innovation as well as its commitment to quality products and services. They have garnered numerous awards throughout the years including awards from Gartner Magic Quadrant for Industrial IoT Platforms; Frost & Sullivan’s Global Product Leadership Award; and various awards relating to automotive safety technology such as JESD209-3 Automotive Grade Certifications from AEC-Q100.
CEO
Vincent Roche
Interim CFO
James Mollica
CAO
Michael Sondel
Limerick Fab
Fabrication
Fab Initiation
1977
Ireland
Limerick
Wafer Capacity
30,000
Hillview Fab
2001
USA
Milpitas
15,000
Wilmington Fab
1967
Wilmington
50,000
Camas Fab
1997
Camas
18,000
Beaverton-Portland
1987
Beaverton
14,000
SDR0604-101KL
Bourns
SDR0604-101KL by Bourns is a surface mount fixed inductor with a nominal inductance of 100 uH. It is a general purpose inductor suitable for power applications, with a max rated current of 0.52 A and a self-resonance frequency of 9 MHz.
M24308/2-1F
Cristek Interconnects
D SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR; Option: GENERAL PURPOSE; Contact Gender: FEMALE; No. of Rows Loaded: 2; Shell Size: 1/E; Filter Feature: NO;
BAV99
Plessey Semiconductors Discrete Components Div
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Motorola
RECTIFIER DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; Maximum Output Current: .1 A; Maximum Reverse Recovery Time: .006 us; Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage: 70 V; JESD-609 Code: e0;
SS14
Meritek Electronics
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: DUAL; Terminal Form: C BEND; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
Allegro MicroSystems
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: END; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 3; Surface Mount: YES; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
1N4148
Tak Cheong Electronics Holdings
RECTIFIER DIODE; Terminal Position: AXIAL; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 2; Surface Mount: NO; Package Shape: ROUND;
M39029/56-351
Carlisle Interconnect Technologies
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Contact Type: CRIMP; Removal Tools: M81969/8-06, M81969/14-02; IEC Conformity: NO; Contact Gender: FEMALE;
Fairchild Semiconductor
BSS138
Yangzhou Yangjie Electronics
N-CHANNEL; Configuration: SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE; Surface Mount: YES; JESD-30 Code: R-PDSO-G3; Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s): NOT SPECIFIED; Operating Mode: ENHANCEMENT MODE;
Daco Semiconductor
Secos
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG
Onsemi
LM2931AZ-5.0RAG by Onsemi is a Fixed Positive Single Output LDO Regulator with 5V nominal output voltage, 0.1A max output current, and 0.6V max dropout voltage. Ideal for applications requiring stable voltage regulation in temperature-sensitive environments up to 150°C.
Electronic Devices
LM107H
General Electric Solid State
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: WIRE; No. of Terminals: 8; Package Shape: ROUND; Minimum Voltage Gain: 25000;
BAV99-7-F
Multicomp Pro
M39029/58-360
Amphenol
CONNECTOR ACCESSORY; MIL Conformity: YES; Associated Military - Specifications: MIL-DTL-38999; Contact Gender: MALE; Terminal Type: CRIMP; IEC Conformity: NO;
NDT2955
NDT2955 by Onsemi is a P-CHANNEL FET with 60V DS Breakdown Voltage, ideal for SWITCHING applications. It features a max IDM of 15A and EAS of 174mJ, suitable for ENHANCEMENT MODE operation. With a compact SMALL OUTLINE package and -55 to 150 °C operating range, it offers efficient power dissipation up to 3W.
5962-9096201MQA
Analog Devices
Analog Devices' 5962-9096201MQA is a MILITARY-grade 16-bit ADC/DAC with BICMOS technology. It operates b/w -55 to 125 °C, converting SYNCHRO/RESOLVER signals to digital with 4 arc min accuracy. Suitable for applications requiring high precision in harsh environments.
SDC1742413
Analog Devices' SDC1742413 is a 12-bit synchro or resolver to digital converter with max supply voltage of 15.75V, settling time of 75us, and operating temp range from -55°C to 125°C. Ideal for military applications requiring high angular accuracy (8.5 arc min) and signal frequency up to 400Hz in a compact rectangular package (44.2mm x 22.86mm).
RDC1768442/883B
RDC1768442/883B by Analog Devices is a 14-bit hybrid synchro/resolver to digital converter with MIL-STD-883 Class B screening. It has 32 terminals, operates b/w -55 °C to 125°C, and supports a max analog input voltage of 90V. Ideal for military applications requiring precise angular accuracy up to 5.3 arc min at a signal frequency of 2600 Hz.
SDC1742541B
Analog Devices' SDC1742541B is a 12-bit BICMOS converter with 32 terminals, operating at temperatures from 0 to 70 °C. It has a max analog input voltage of 11.8V and supports synchro or resolver to digital conversion. Ideal for applications requiring precise angular accuracy up to 8.5 arc min at a signal frequency of 2600Hz.
SDC1740541B
Analog Devices' SDC1740541B is a 14-bit BICMOS converter with 32 terminals, operating at temperatures from 0 to 70 °C. It features a max analog input voltage of 11.8V and supports synchro or resolver to digital conversion applications. The package style is in-line, with a rectangular shape made of metal, suitable for commercial-grade temperature requirements.
AD2S34TZ60
AD2S34TZ60 by Analog Devices is a 14-bit synchro or resolver to digital converter with 32 terminals. It operates in military-grade temperatures from -55°C to 125°C, with a max settling time of 30µs. Ideal for applications requiring precise angular accuracy up to 2.6 arc min at a signal frequency of 4400Hz.
2S50/560
Analog Devices' 2S50/560 is an 11-bit LVDT/RVDT to digital converter with a max supply voltage of 17 V and settling time of 25 us. It operates in commercial temperature range (0-70 °C) and has a package style of IN-LINE. Ideal for precision data acquisition applications requiring high accuracy and fast response times.
AD2S65/414B
AD2S65/414B by Analog Devices is a 14-bit digital to synchro/resolver converter with max output voltage of 6.8V and operating temperature range from -55°C to 125°C. Ideal for military applications due to MIL-Grade technology, it has a signal frequency of 2600Hz and angular accuracy of 4 arc min.
AD2S65/534
AD2S65/534 by Analog Devices is a 14-bit digital to synchro/resolver converter with max analog output voltage of 6.8V and supply voltage of +-15V. It is used in applications requiring high angular accuracy up to 4 arc min, such as industrial automation systems.
AD2S34SZ60B
AD2S34SZ60B by Analog Devices is a 14-bit synchro or resolver to digital converter with max supply voltage of ±15V. It operates in military-grade temperature range (-55°C to 125°C) and has a settling time of 30µs. Ideal for applications requiring high angular accuracy (4 arc min) and signal frequency up to 4400Hz.
AD2S1210SST-EP-RL7
AD2S1210SST-EP-RL7 by Analog Devices is a 48-terminal ADC/DAC with MILITARY grade. It features SYNCHRO/RESOLVER to DIGITAL conversion, 0.5mm terminal pitch, and 1.6mm seated height. Ideal for military applications requiring precise data acquisition in compact spaces.
AD2S46TD10B
AD2S46TD10B by Analog Devices is a MILITARY-grade HYBRID converter with +-15V supplies, 28 terminals, and 35mA max supply current. It converts SYNCHRO/RESOLVER signals to digital, ideal for aerospace & defense applications requiring precise data acquisition in harsh environments.
NE5521D-T
Philips Semiconductors
D/A CONVERTER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: GULL WING; No. of Terminals: 16; Package Code: SOP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
DRC1745/LT4
Analog Devices' DRC1745/LT4 is a 14-bit DAC with max output voltage of 6.8V, operating temp range -55 to 125 °C. It's a MILITARY-grade hybrid tech converter for digital to synchro/resolver applications, featuring dual terminals and 40 pins in MICROELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY package style.
1S20410B
1S20410B by Analog Devices is a MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified) hybrid converter with 32 terminals, operating from -55 to 125 °C. It features ±12/±15 V power supplies, 185 mA max supply current, and is ideal for synchro or resolver to digital conversion applications in military-grade environments.
SDC1742544B
SDC1742544B by Analog Devices is a 12-bit BICMOS converter with 32 terminals, operating from 0 to 70 °C. It converts synchro or resolver signals to digital at a max tracking rate of 18 rps, with an angular accuracy of 8.5 arc min. Ideal for data acquisition applications requiring precise signal conversion in commercial temperature environments.
AD2S44TM18
AD2S44TM18 by Analog Devices is a 14-bit synchro or resolver to digital converter with max supply voltage of ±15.75 V and operating temperature range from -55°C to 125°C. It has a settling time of 75 µs, making it ideal for military-grade applications requiring precise angular accuracy up to 4 arc min at a signal frequency of 2600 Hz.
AD2S44TM10
AD2S44TM10 by Analog Devices is a 14-bit synchro or resolver to digital converter with max supply voltage of +-15V. It has a max settling time of 75us and operates in temperature range from -55°C to 125°C. Ideal for military applications requiring high angular accuracy and fast tracking rates up to 20 rps.
1S60460B
1S60460B by Analog Devices is a MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified) hybrid converter with 32 terminals, operating from -55 to 125 °C. It features ±12/±15V power supplies, Tin/Lead terminal finish, and is ideal for synchro or resolver to digital conversion applications in military-grade environments.
AD2S66/524
AD2S66/524 by Analog Devices is a 16-bit digital to synchro/resolver converter with max output voltage of 6.8V and supply voltage of +-15V. It has a package style of IN-LINE and is ideal for applications requiring high angular accuracy up to 4 arc min at a signal frequency of 2600Hz.
Partstack™ will investigate all reported instances of potential suspect/counterfeit part listings.
ADPA7005AEHZ
ADPA7005AEHZ by Analog Devices is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 12 dB gain. It operates b/w 18-44 GHz, handling up to 27 dBm CW input power. Ideal for applications requiring high frequency amplification in temperatures ranging from -40 to 85°C.
ADPA7005CHIP
ADPA7005CHIP by Analog Devices is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 11.5 dB gain, operating from 20-44 GHz. It can handle up to 27 dBm CW input power and operates in temperatures ranging from -55 °C to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring high frequency amplification in RF & microwave systems.
ADMV8420ACPZ
Analog Devices' ADMV8420ACPZ is a 24-terminal BAND PASS FILTER with a Center Frequency of 15500 MHz and Input Impedance of 50Ω. Operating b/w -40°C to 85°C, it's ideal for applications requiring precise filtering in electronic systems.
AD3542RBCPZ16-RL7
AD3542RBCPZ16-RL7 by Analog Devices is a 16-bit D/A converter with max analog output voltage of 7.5V, 0.006103% linearity error, and 0.1us settling time. Ideal for applications requiring precise analog signal generation in temperature-sensitive environments.
ADPA7005AEHZ-R7
ADPA7005AEHZ-R7 by Analog Devices is a wide band medium power RF amplifier with 12 dB gain, operating from 18-44 GHz. It can handle up to 27 dBm CW input power and operates in temperatures ranging from -40 °C to 85°C. Ideal for applications requiring high frequency amplification in RF & microwave systems.
ADN4693E-1BCPZ-RL7
ADN4693E-1BCPZ-RL7 by Analog Devices is a Line Driver & Receiver with 16 terminals, operating at 3.3V. It offers a max transmit delay of 2.4ns and max supply current of 24mA. Ideal for applications requiring differential output and EIA/TIA interface standards compliance in tight spaces due to its very thin profile chip carrier package style.
ADN4693E-1BCPZ
ADN4693E-1BCPZ by Analog Devices is a Line Driver & Receiver with 16 terminals, operating at 3.3V nominal voltage. It features a max transmit delay of 2.4ns and differential output for EIA/TIA-899 interface standard applications in industrial settings.
ADMV8420ACPZ-R5
ADMV8420ACPZ-R5 by Analog Devices is a 24-terminal BAND PASS FILTER with a Center Frequency of 15500 MHz and Input Impedance of 50 OHM. It operates b/w -40 to 85 °C and is ideal for applications requiring precise frequency filtering in electronic circuits.
ADAQ23876BBCZ
Analog Devices' ADAQ23876BBCZ is a 16-bit ADC with 0.00125% EL, 15 MHz sample rate, and 2'S COMPLEMENT BINARY output. Ideal for wireless data acquisition applications due to its compact GRID ARRAY package and fast 0.063 us conversion time. Operating from -40 to 85 °C, it offers precise analog-to-digital conversion in a small form factor.
AD3542RBCPZ16
AD3542RBCPZ16 by Analog Devices is a 16-bit D/A converter with max analog output voltage of 7.5V and linearity error of 0.006103%. It features a nominal settling time of 0.1us, making it ideal for applications requiring precise analog signal generation in temperature-sensitive environments. With a compact square package shape and surface mount capability, this chip carrier is suitable for space-constrained designs where high performance is essential.
2S54/410
LVDT OR RVDT TO DIGITAL CONVERTER; Temperature Grade: MILITARY; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2S54/410B
2S54/440B
2S54/510
LVDT OR RVDT TO DIGITAL CONVERTER; Temperature Grade: COMMERCIAL; Terminal Form: THROUGH-HOLE; No. of Terminals: 40; Package Code: DIP; Package Shape: RECTANGULAR;
2S54/540
Supply Digital Components
$106.00
$54.25
$11.90
$7.29
Quantity
12,000 In-Stock
Total price ≈ $80,197.29
© 2023 All rights reserved