Active filters amplify desired signals while rejecting unwanted frequencies, and can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements in electronics.
Amplifiers boost signal strength, match impedance levels, and are essential in many circuit systems, including audio, broadcasting, and telecommunications.
Batteries store and provide electrical energy, come in various types and sizes for multiple uses, rechargeable or single-use.
Capacitors store electrical charge with metallic plates and a dielectric; types vary and can be combined for specific circuit characteristics.
Chip carriers and sockets provide an interface between components and PCBs, enabling easy replacement or upgrading without soldering.
Circuit protection devices prevent damage from overcurrent flow, including fuses, breakers, surge protectors, and voltage regulators.
Connector accessories and support devices aid connector function and longevity, including backshells, grips, clamps, and ties; must be compatible with connector type.
Connectors join electronic circuits to transfer signals and power, come in various sizes and shapes, and include support accessories.
Converters transform DC input to another voltage level, essential in electronic systems, renewable energy, and automotive electronics.
Crystals and resonators generate and stabilize frequency signals via piezoelectricity. They are used in timing, frequency control, and filters. Crystals are quartz and resonators are ceramic with a built-in capacitor.
Semiconductor diodes control current flow in one direction (uni-directionality) via low resistance. Useful for rectification, voltage regulation, detection, and digital logic.
Discover essential electronic components for your devices, including CPU accelerators, system cache controllers, computer processors, motherboards, and graphics computing systems. Enhance device performance and connectivity with reliable components engineered for seamless integration and optimal functionality.
Fiber optics use light pulses to transmit data over long distances. They have superior bandwidth capacity, low signal attenuation, and secure physical properties. They are essential in telecommunications networks today.
Filters enhance signal processing by selectively passing desired frequencies while suppressing unwanted ones. Filters can be passive (using capacitors, resistors, and inductors) or active (using transistors or amplifiers).
Flash devices are non-volatile storage solutions that offer fast read and write speeds, making them ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transfer. These devices utilize flash memory technology, providing reliable storage for data-intensive tasks such as gaming, multimedia, and enterprise-level applications.
General purpose ICs consist of multiple individual circuits or components (e.g., logic gates, amplifiers, oscillators, etc.) that are combined onto a single integrated circuit chip for a smaller physical footprint.
I/O and storage controllers are crucial components in computer systems, managing input/output operations and storage devices. These controllers facilitate efficient data transfer between peripherals, storage drives, and the central processing unit (CPU), enhancing system performance and enabling seamless connectivity.
Inductors store energy in magnetic fields, oppose sudden changes in current flow and prevent electrical surges. Common inductor applications include power supplies, signal filters, and oscillators.
Interface ICs allow efficient device connectivity with high-speed data transfer and low power consumption.They can be ASIC or FPGA types, and may perform additional functions such as sensing, storage, and conversion.
Logic ICs can be used for storage, memory, amplification, and multiplexing. They perform fundamental logical operations on digital input signals (1, 0, H, L) to generate a corresponding digital output signal.
Memory modules are essential components in electronic devices, storing data temporarily or permanently for processing and retrieval. From volatile RAM (Random Access Memory) to non-volatile ROM (Read-Only Memory), memory technologies vary in speed, capacity, and functionality, catering to diverse application requirements.
Memory ICs store digital data and retain the information even when the power is turned off. They come in various types, like RAM (Random Access Memory) for fast data access, and ROM (Read-Only Memory) for permanent data storage.
Miscellaneous semiconductor components are a diverse category of electronic components that combines elements from a mix of component devices.
Optoelectronic devices interact with light. This family of devices can emit light, detect light, generate current, and transmit light signals for long-distance communication.
Oscillators generate repetitive waveforms, such as sine, square, or triangle waves. They are commonly used to produce stable and precise frequencies for applications like clocks, signal generation, and communication systems.
Other Function Semiconductor components are a diverse category of semiconductor components that perform a range of specialized functions.
Passive component networks operate without a power source and support data transmission within system by performing filtering, energy storage, and/or signal coupling functions.
Peripheral ICs (Integrated Circuits) are designed to control and manage the peripheral devices connected to a computer or other electronic device.
Programmable Logic ICs are user-programmable devices that allow designers to create custom logic circuits. These cost saving ICs offer real-time data processing and maximum design flexibilty.
RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave devices are used in telecommunications, wireless communications, and electronic systems. These devices include amplifiers, attenuators, filters, mixers, oscillators, and antennas, and a host of other components.
Voltage regulators are used to ensure a constant output voltage despite power fluctuations and load changes. Linear and switching regulators are common types used to maintain voltage stability.
Relays are electromagnetic switches that are used to control the flow of electrical current in an electrical circuit. Relays are a safe means of providing isolation between a controlling circuit and a controlled circuit.
Resistors control the flow of electrical current in a circuit by introducing a set resistance. These passive components reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, and bias active elements in circuits.
Transducers convert energy from one form to another and are crucial in sensing, audio and control systems. They transform physical measures like temperature, pressure, or sound into electrical signals for circuits.
Storage drives are hardware devices used to store and retrieve digital data in computers and electronic devices. These drives come in various forms, including hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and hybrid drives, offering different levels of capacity, speed, and durability to suit specific storage needs.
Storage media encompass physical or digital mediums used for storing and preserving digital data. From optical discs and magnetic tapes to USB flash drives and memory cards, storage media come in diverse formats and capacities, offering flexibility and reliability for data storage and archival purposes.
Storage systems comprise hardware and software components designed to manage and store digital data efficiently. These systems range from simple standalone devices to complex network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) solutions, providing scalable storage capacity and data protection features for businesses and enterprises.
Switches control electrical current flow by making or breaking connections. These devices vary in design and application, from basic on/off switches to complex industrial automation systems.
Telecom integrated circuits (ICs) are specialized electronics for telecommunications, tailored to high data rates, low power use, and reliable long-distance transmission. These devices include amplifiers, filters, ADCs, DACs, and more-- and they are often integrated on one chip for specific telecom tasks.
Terminal blocks, or connection terminals, are modular blocks that bring together multiple electrical wires at one connection point. They offer a reliable, organized way to terminate cables.
Thermal management devices control heat in electronic systems, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Examples include heat sinks, fans, and thermal interface materials that dissipate or transfer heat away from components.
Transformers are devices that alter electrical voltage levels between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are vital in power distribution, converting high-voltage electricity for transmission and lower voltage for safe usage.
Transistors are 3-layer semiconductor devices that regulate the flow of electrical current. They function as amplifiers, boosting weak signals, and as switches, controlling the flow of current between terminals.
Triggering devices initiate electronic processes or events in response to specific conditions. These devices support many automated tasks such as activating switches and signals, or turning on lights when motion is detected.
Video cards, also known as graphics cards or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), are essential components in computers, responsible for rendering graphics and images on display devices. These cards feature dedicated processors and memory, delivering smooth and immersive visual experiences for gaming, multimedia, and professional applications.
Choose from over than a million of proven quality materials. Over 300 manufacturers are presented. From renowned major international players to small independent companies with a proven track record in local markets.
Featured manufacturers
Add filters
All
Selected
WSL2512R0800FEK
Vishay Intertechnology
Vishay Intertechnology's WSL2512R0800FEK is a fixed resistor with 0.08 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 1W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 standard compliance and -65°C to 170°C operating temperature range.
ANTI-SULFUR
Rectangular
e3
SURFACE MOUNT
2
170 Cel
-65 Cel
.635 mm
6.35 mm
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE
SMT
3.18 mm
BULK
1 W
70 Cel
AEC-Q200
.08 ohm
FIXED RESISTOR
2512
METAL STRIP
75
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier
WRAPAROUND
1 %
.2828 V
WSL2512R0830FEA
Vishay Intertechnology's WSL2512R0830FEA is a fixed resistor with 0.083 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 1W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard and operating temperature range of -65°C to 170°C.
TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH
.083 ohm
.2881 V
WSL2512R0830FEK
Vishay Intertechnology's WSL2512R0830FEK is a fixed resistor with 0.083 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 1W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and operating temperature range of -65°C to 170°C.
WSL2512R0850FEA
Vishay Intertechnology's WSL2512R0850FEA is a METAL STRIP fixed resistor with 0.085 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 1W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and operating temperature range of -65°C to 170°C.
.085 ohm
.2915 V
WSL2512R0860FEA
WSL2512R0860FEA by Vishay Intertechnology is a fixed resistor with a resistance of 0.086 ohm and a tolerance of 1%. It has a max operating temperature of 170 °C and is commonly used in surface mount applications.
.086 ohm
.2933 V
CRCW04021R50FNTD
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW04021R50FNTD is a 1.5 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 200 ppm/°C temperature coefficient. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C, suitable for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits requiring precise resistance values at up to 50 V.
e0
155 Cel
-55 Cel
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH
.063 W
1.5 ohm
0402
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM
200
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)
50 V
CRCW04021R87FNTD
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW04021R87FNTD is a 1.87 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0402 size code. Operating voltage of 50V, rated power dissipation of 0.063W, and temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C make it ideal for surface mount applications in electronics requiring precise resistance values.
1.87 ohm
CRCW06033R30FNTA
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW06033R30FNTA is a fixed resistor with 3.3 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.1 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications, it operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C.
.1 W
3.3 ohm
0603
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier
75 V
CRCW06038R66FNTA
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW06038R66FNTA is a fixed resistor with 8.66 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.1 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in electronics, it operates b/w -55 to 155 °C with a temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C.
8.66 ohm
CRCW12064R99FNTA
FIXED RESISTOR; Mounting Type: SURFACE MOUNT; Resistance: 4.99 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .25 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 155 Cel; Tolerance: 1 %;
.25 W
4.99 ohm
1206
200 V
CRCW25121R40FNTG
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW25121R40FNTG is a 1.4 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 1W power dissipation. Operating voltage of 500V, temperature coefficient of 200 ppm/°C, and operating temperature range from -55 to 155 °C make it ideal for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits.
TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH
1.4 ohm
500 V
CRCW25125R60FNTG
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW25125R60FNTG is a 5.6 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 1W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55°C to 155°C, suitable for various applications requiring a resistance of up to 500V. The surface mount technology and metal glaze/thick film make it ideal for compact electronic devices.
5.6 ohm
CRCW25126R34FNTG
Vishay Intertechnology's CRCW25126R34FNTG is a 6.34 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 1W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C, suitable for surface mount applications at up to 500V. Ideal for circuits requiring precise resistance values in a compact rectangular package.
6.34 ohm
CMF551M3300FKEA
FIXED RESISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: 1330000 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): .5 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Tolerance: 1 %;
FLAME PROOF, PRECISION
Tubular
.64 mm
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT
175 Cel
2.29 mm
6.1 mm
Axial
TR, 11.5 INCH
.5 W
1330000 ohm
METAL FILM
100
MATTE TIN
WIRE
250 V
CMF5522M100FKEA
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF5522M100FKEA is a 22.1 MOhm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0.5W power dissipation. Featuring metal film technology, it operates b/w -55 to 175 °C and has a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C. Ideal for through-hole mounting in various electronic applications requiring precise resistance values.
6.6 mm
22100000 ohm
CMF5530R100FHEA
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF5530R100FHEA is a 30.1 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 0.5 W power dissipation. With a temperature coefficient of 50 ppm/°C, it operates b/w -55 to 175 °C, making it ideal for through-hole mounting applications requiring precise resistance values in various electronic circuits.
30.1 ohm
50
CMF553R4000FKEB
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF553R4000FKEB is a 3.4 ohm, 1% tolerance fixed resistor with a 0.5 W power dissipation rating. Featuring metal film technology and matte tin terminal finish, it operates b/w -55 to 175 °C, making it ideal for through-hole mounting applications in various electronic circuits requiring precise resistance values.
TR, 7.5 INCH
3.4 ohm
RE0805FRE1010KL
Yageo
Yageo's RE0805FRE1010KL is a SMT fixed resistor with 10000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. Ideal for applications requiring precise resistance values in compact electronic devices operating b/w -55 to 155 °C.
LASER TRIMMABLE, ULTRA PRECISION
.5 mm
2 mm
1.25 mm
TR, PAPER, 10 INCH
.125 W
10000 ohm
0805
150 V
GP55-1000-FTW
Rcd Components
Rcd Components GP55-1000-FTW is a 100 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance, suitable for applications requiring a rated power dissipation of 0.25 W. With a max operating temperature of 160°C and metal film technology, it is ideal for through-hole mounting in various electronic circuits.
PRECISION
.6 mm
160 Cel
2.3 mm
6.3 mm
TUBULAR PACKAGE
TR
100 ohm
Fixed Resistors
Matte Tin (Sn)
CMF65200K00FKR6
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF65200K00FKR6 is a 200000 ohm, 1% tolerance fixed resistor with a rated power dissipation of 1.5W. Featuring metal film technology and tubular construction, it operates b/w -55 to 175 °C and has a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C. Ideal for applications requiring precise resistance values in through-hole mounting setups.
4.57 mm
14.27 mm
1.5 W
200000 ohm
TIN LEAD
CMF65221K00FKEB
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF65221K00FKEB is a 221000 ohm, 1.5W fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and metal film technology. Operating b/w -55 to 175 °C, it has a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C. Ideal for through-hole mounting applications in various electronic circuits requiring precise resistance values at temperatures up to 175 °C.
221000 ohm
CMF653R4000FKRE
Vishay Intertechnology's CMF653R4000FKRE is a 3.4 ohm, 1.5W fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 500V operating voltage. With a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C, it operates b/w -55 to 175 °C making it ideal for industrial applications requiring precise resistance values in harsh environments. The axial package style and through hole mount construction ensure easy installation and reliability in various electronic circuits.
CMF65681R00FKR6
FIXED RESISTOR; Mounting Type: THROUGH HOLE MOUNT; Resistance: 681 ohm; Rated Power Dissipation (P): 1.5 W; Maximum Operating Temperature: 175 Cel; Tolerance: 1 %;
681 ohm
RMCP0402FT1M00
Stackpole Electronics
RMCP0402FT1M00 by Stackpole Electronics is a SMT fixed resistor with 1000000 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.125 W power dissipation. Ideal for automotive applications due to AEC-Q200 standard compliance and operating voltage of 50 V. With a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C, it can operate b/w -55 °C to 155 °C efficiently.
.3 mm
1 mm
1000000 ohm
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL
RMCP0805FT107R
RMCP0805FT107R by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 107 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.33 W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and is ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
.33 W
107 ohm
RMCP0805FT1K65
RMCP0805FT1K65 by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 1650 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.33 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and operating voltage of 150 V.
1650 ohm
RMCP0805FT294R
RMCP0805FT294R by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 294 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.33 W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and operating voltage of 150 V.
294 ohm
RMCP0805FT360R
RMCP0805FT360R by Stackpole Electronics is a SMT fixed resistor with 360 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.33 W power dissipation. Ideal for AEC-Q200 applications, it operates b/w -55 to 155 °C with a temperature coef of 100 ppm/°C.
360 ohm
RMCP0805FT37R4
RMCP0805FT37R4 by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with a resistance of 37.4 ohm and a tolerance of 1%. It is suitable for surface mount applications and has a max operating temperature of 155 °C.
37.4 ohm
RMCP0805FT390R
RMCP0805FT390R by Stackpole Electronics is a 390 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a power dissipation of 0.33 W. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
390 ohm
RMCP1210FT1R00
RMCP1210FT1R00 by Stackpole Electronics is a SMT fixed resistor with 1 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.66 W power dissipation. Ideal for automotive applications due to AEC-Q200 reference standard and operating voltage of 200 V. Operating temperature range from -55 to 155 °C ensures reliability in various conditions.
.55 mm
3.2 mm
2.5 mm
.66 W
1 ohm
1210
400
RMCP1210FT200R
RMCP1210FT200R by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 200 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.66 W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and is ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
200 ohm
RMCP1210FT4R70
RMCP1210FT4R70 by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 4.7 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 155 °C max operating temperature. It is ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 reference standard compliance and high power dissipation of 0.66 W.
4.7 ohm
RMCP1210FT82R0
RMCP1210FT82R0 by Stackpole Electronics is a SMT fixed resistor with 82 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 0.66 W power dissipation. Ideal for automotive applications due to AEC-Q200 standard compliance and operating voltage of 200 V. Temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C ensures stable performance in -55 to 155 °C range.
82 ohm
RMCP2010FT130K
RMCP2010FT130K by Stackpole Electronics is a 1W fixed resistor with 130k ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and -55 to 155°C operating temperature range. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance and high reliability.
5 mm
130000 ohm
2010
RMCP2010FT2K00
RMCP2010FT2K00 by Stackpole Electronics is a 2000 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 1W power dissipation. It features metal glaze/thick film technology, operates b/w -55 to 155 °C, and has a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
2000 ohm
RMCP2010FT36R0
RMCP2010FT36R0 by Stackpole Electronics is a 36 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a power dissipation of 1W. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
36 ohm
RMCP2010FT4K30
RMCP2010FT4K30 by Stackpole Electronics is a 4300 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a power dissipation of 1W. Ideal for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits.
4300 ohm
RMCP2010FT5R60
RMCP2010FT5R60 by Stackpole Electronics is a 5.6 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance, suitable for surface mount applications. With a rated power dissipation of 1W and operating voltage of 200V, it operates b/w -55°C to 155°C. Ideal for use in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
RMCP2010FT8R66
RMCP2010FT8R66 by Stackpole Electronics is a 1W fixed resistor with 8.66 ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM technology. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to its AEC-Q200 reference standard and operating voltage of 200V. Operating temperature range from -55°C to 155°C ensures reliability in various environments.
RMCP2512FT1R30
RMCP2512FT1R30 by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with a resistance of 1.3 ohm and a tolerance of 1%. It is suitable for surface mount applications and has a max operating temperature of 155 °C.
2 W
1.3 ohm
RMCP2512FT1R37
RMCP2512FT1R37 by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 1.37 ohm resistance and 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C, making it suitable for automotive applications meeting AEC-Q200 standard. With a power dissipation of 2W, this SMT resistor is ideal for high-temperature environments.
1.37 ohm
RMCP2512FT36K0
RMCP2512FT36K0 by Stackpole Electronics is a 36kΩ fixed resistor with 1% tolerance and 2W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications, it operates b/w -55°C to 155°C, making it suitable for automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
36000 ohm
RMCP2512FT536K
RMCP2512FT536K by Stackpole Electronics is a SMT fixed resistor with 536k ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 2W power dissipation. Ideal for automotive applications due to AEC-Q200 reference standard and operating voltage of 250V.
536000 ohm
RMCP2512FT62R0
RMCP2512FT62R0 by Stackpole Electronics is a 62 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a power dissipation of 2W. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance.
62 ohm
RMCP2512FT6R34
RMCP2512FT6R34 by Stackpole Electronics is a 2512 size fixed resistor with a resistance of 6.34 ohm and a tolerance of 1%. It is suitable for surface mount applications and has a max operating temperature of 155 °C.
RMCP2512FT806K
RMCP2512FT806K by Stackpole Electronics is a fixed resistor with 806k ohm resistance, 1% tolerance, and 2W power dissipation. Ideal for surface mount applications in automotive electronics due to AEC-Q200 compliance and operating voltage of 250V. Temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C ensures stable performance from -55 to 155 °C.
806000 ohm
RHC2512FT1R37
RHC2512FT1R37 by Stackpole Electronics is a 1.37 ohm fixed resistor with 1% tolerance, rated for 2W power dissipation. It operates b/w -55 to 155 °C and has a temperature coefficient of 100 ppm/°C. Ideal for surface mount applications in various electronic circuits requiring precise resistance values.
TR, Embossed Plastic, 7 Inch
© 2023 All rights reserved
